The Meaning of Culture PDF

A TRIVIA GAME 1. NAME OF THE OLDEST PHILIPPINE CITY  2. ISLAND PROVINCE KNOWN FOR ITS PRODUCTION OF QUALITY MARBLE 3. ISLAND FAMOUS FOR ITS UNDERGROUD RIVER  4. GENERALLY ACKNOWLEDGED AS THE 1ST PHILIPPINE PRESIDENT 5. THE CODE NAME FOR THE LATE PHILIPPINE DICTATOR...

A TRIVIA GAME 1. NAME OF THE OLDEST PHILIPPINE CITY  2. ISLAND PROVINCE KNOWN FOR ITS PRODUCTION OF QUALITY MARBLE 3. ISLAND FAMOUS FOR ITS UNDERGROUD RIVER  4. GENERALLY ACKNOWLEDGED AS THE 1ST PHILIPPINE PRESIDENT 5. THE CODE NAME FOR THE LATE PHILIPPINE DICTATOR FERDINAND MARCOS 6. THE SUPREME BEING OF THE ANCIENT FILIPINOS, BELIEVED TO HAVE CREATED THE UNIVERSE 7. THE EARLIEST FORM OF WRITING IN THE PHILIPPINES  8. THE LONGEST MOUNTAIN RANGE IN THE COUNTRY  9. THE YEAR THAT PHILIPPINES GAINED THE FULL INDEPENDENCE FROM THE UNITED STATES 10. NOW A TOURIST SPOT, KNOWN AS THE “WALLED CITY”  11. ONE OF THE FAMOUS PHILIPPINES’ DELICACIES, A PARTIALLY FORM DUCK EGG, KNOWN AS _______? The Key to Human Diversity — People who are ethnocentric apply their own values in judging the behavior and beliefs of other people raised in other cultures. — Ethnocentrism contributes to social solidarity and a sense of value and community. — However, it also fuels conflict. — Each child goes through a process of enculturation when they grow up in a culture. — Children learn by observing the behaviors of people in their surroundings, including the recognition of symbols specific to that culture. — Symbols can either be verbal (linguistic) or nonverbal (object, written symbol). — Culture is an attribute not of individuals per se but of individuals as members of groups. — Culture is transmitted by society. — Enculturation unifies people by providing us with common experiences. — Culture defines what people eat, how food is prepared, and when and how food is eaten. — Waste elimination is culturally prescribed. — Sexual activities are also dictated by culture (with who, how, where, and when). — Culture envelopes each of us, and touches every aspect of our lives. — Culture is systematic and integrated (it is not a random phenomenon). — Cultures teach us to share certain core values that helps shape the personality of the individuals within a culture. — Humans are creative animals and always do not strictly follow the dictates of their culture. — There is individual interpretation of each aspect of culture that is in part due to family and personal history. — Real vs. Ideal culture. — Modern technology has provided for the adaptation of humans to every part of the globe, as ancient technologies provided successful to environments on a smaller scale. — Short-term vs. long- term adaptive strategies. All cultures have five common components: — symbols, — language, — values and beliefs, — norms, and — material culture, including technology. — Universal: found in all cultures. Examples: Exogamy and incest taboo. Generality: found in many cultures, but not all. Example: nuclear family. Particularities: found only in some cultures. Example: head hunting. — Diffusion: borrowing of traits between cultures. — Acculturation: exchange of cultural features that results from long-term exposure between cultures. — Independent invention: Developing to solution to problems by individual cultures. Example: agriculture.  High culture refers to cultural patterns that distinguish a society’s elite. Popular culture designates cultural patterns that are widespread among a society’s population. - High culture is not inherently superior to popular culture. Subcultures are cultural patterns that distinguish some segment of a society’s population. They involve not only difference but also hierarchy Counterculture refers to cultural patterns that strongly oppose those widely accepted within a society. Countercultures reject many of the standards of a dominant culture Today’s children are bombarded with virtual culture, images that spring from the minds of contemporary culture- makers and that reach them via a screen. Some of these cultural icons embody values that shape our way of life. But few of them have any historical reality and almost all have come into being to make money. © Copyright 2010 Alan S. Berger A. Filipino Value System (a) Pamantayan ; (b) Asal; (c) Diwa; and (4) Halaga. B. Social Acceptance (a) Pakikisama ; (b) Pakikiradam ; (c) Pakikipagkapwa-tao; (d) Palakasan; (e) Pakiusap ;and (f) Sakop C. Cultural Reciprocity (a) Pakikiramay ; (b) Mapagmalasakit ; (c) Kagandahang Loob ; and (d) Mabuting Loob D. Non Rationalism (a) Bahala Na; (b) Tadhana; and (c) Gulong ng Palad E. Personalism (a) Lakas ng Loob; (b) Maluwag ang Loob ;(c) Kagandahang Loob; (d) Mapagkaloob ; (e) Saloobin ; (f) Tapat na Kalooban; (g) Masama ang Loob: and (h)Masasamang Loob F. Culturally Challegened Filipino Traits (a) Ningas Kogon ; (b) Amor Propio ; (c) Probinsiyano; and (d) Burong Talangka