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This document contains questions about basic biology concepts. It includes multiple choice questions on topics like ionic bonds, covalent bonds, polar molecules, nonpolar molecules, and more. The questions cover the water cycle, nitrogen cycle, the structure of atoms, cellular respiration and photosynthesis.
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1. What is an ionic bond? ) A bond where atoms share electrons A B) A bond where atoms transfer electrons C) A bond that does not involve electrons D) A bond between nonmetals Answer: B) A bond where atoms transfer electrons 2. What is a covalent bond? ) A bond where atom...
1. What is an ionic bond? ) A bond where atoms share electrons A B) A bond where atoms transfer electrons C) A bond that does not involve electrons D) A bond between nonmetals Answer: B) A bond where atoms transfer electrons 2. What is a covalent bond? ) A bond where atoms share electrons A B) A bond where atoms transfer electrons C) A bond with no electrons involved D) A bond formed by only metals Answer: A) A bond where atoms share electrons 3. What does the word "polar" mean? ) A molecule that has one uniform charge A B) A molecule that has opposite charges in different areas C) A molecule that doesn’t have a charge D) A molecule that is always neutral Answer: B) A molecule that has opposite charges indifferent areas 4. What does the word "nonpolar" mean? ) A molecule that has a charge A B) A molecule that doesn't have a charge C) A molecule that has uneven charge distribution D) A molecule that repels water Answer: B) A molecule that doesn't have a charge 5. What does it mean for water to have a high heat capacity? ) Water absorbs heat quickly and changes temperature rapidly A B) Water can absorb a lot of heat and not change temperature significantly C) Water evaporates easily D) Water freezes at low temperatures Answer: B) Water can absorb a lot of heat and notchange temperature significantly 6. What is cohesion? ) Water molecules sticking to other substances A B) Water molecules sticking to each other C) Water molecules breaking down into hydrogen and oxygen D) Water moving against gravity Answer: B) Water molecules sticking to each other 7. What is adhesion? ) Water molecules sticking to each other A B) Water molecules sticking to other substances C) Water molecules breaking bonds D) Water molecules evaporating Answer: B) Water molecules sticking to other substances 8. What is capillary action? ) Water moving against gravity due to cohesive forces A B) Water evaporating from a plant leaf C) Water being absorbed by plant roots D) Water moving through narrow tubes due to cohesion and adhesion Answer: D) Water moving through narrow tubes due tocohesion and adhesion 9. What is an atom? ) The smallest unit of a compound A B) The smallest unit of an element C) The smallest particle in the universe D) A subatomic particle found in the nucleus Answer: B) The smallest unit of an element 10. What is a proton? ) A particle with a negative charge A B) A particle with a positive charge C) A particle with no charge D) A particle outside the nucleus Answer: B) A particle with a positive charge 11. What is a neutron? ) A particle with a positive charge A B) A particle with a negative charge C) A particle with no charge ) A particle found outside the nucleus D Answer: C) A particle with no charge 12. What is an electron? ) A particle found in the nucleus with a positive charge A B) A particle found in the electron cloud with a negative charge C) A particle with no charge D) A particle inside an atom’s core Answer: B) A particle found in the electron cloudwith a negative charge 13. What is the atomic number of an element? ) The number of neutrons in the element A B) The number of protons in the element C) The number of electrons in the element D) The total mass of an atom Answer: B) The number of protons in the element 4. Which of the following is NOT part of the 6 fundamental elements of 1 life? ) Carbon A B) Nitrogen C) Calcium D) Phosphorus Answer: C) Calcium 15. What are the four spheres of Earth? ) Biosphere, Geosphere, Atmosphere, and Hydrosphere A B) Lithosphere, Atmosphere, Hydrosphere, and Biosphere C) Biosphere, Geosphere, Hydrosphere, and Lithosphere D) Geosphere, Hydrosphere, Atmosphere, and Lithosphere Answer: A) Biosphere, Geosphere, Atmosphere, and Hydrosphere 16. Which sphere of Earth includes all living things? ) Geosphere A B) Hydrosphere C) Atmosphere D) Biosphere Answer: D) Biosphere 17. What is the role of the carbon cycle? ) To move water through ecosystems A B) To cycle nitrogen in ecosystems C) To move carbon through photosynthesis, respiration, and decomposition D) To regulate oxygen in the atmosphere Answer: C) To move carbon through photosynthesis,respiration, and decomposition 18. What does the nitrogen cycle involve? ) Nitrogen fixation, ammonia, nitrification, and denitrification A B) Photosynthesis and cellular respiration C) Evaporation and condensation D) Oxygen production and storage Answer: A) Nitrogen fixation, ammonia, nitrification,and denitrification 19. What is dehydration synthesis? ) The process of adding water to break bonds A B) The process of breaking down large molecules C) The process of removing water to form bonds between molecules D) The process of absorbing water into the body Answer: C) The process of removing water to form bondsbetween molecules 20. What is hydrolysis? ) The process of removing water to form bonds A B) The process of forming new molecules C) The process of adding water to break bonds D) The process of forming bonds between amino acids Answer: C) The process of adding water to break bonds 21. What are lipids made of? ) Amino acids A B) Glycerol and fatty acids C) Nucleotides D) Monosaccharides Answer: B) Glycerol and fatty acids 22. What is the main function of lipids? ) To store genetic information A B) To provide quick energy ) To store large amounts of energy C D) To form the cell membrane Answer: C) To store large amounts of energy 23. What are proteins made of? ) Fatty acids A B) Amino acids C) Nucleotides D) Glucose Answer: B) Amino acids 24. What is the main function of proteins? ) To store energy A B) To store and transfer genetic information C) To catalyze chemical reactions D) To form the cell wall Answer: C) To catalyze chemical reactions 25. What is a peptide bond? ) A bond formed between two nucleotides A B) A bond formed between two fatty acids C) A bond formed between amino acids in a protein D) A bond formed between sugars in carbohydrates Answer: C) A bond formed between amino acids in aprotein 26. Which of the following are examples of carbohydrates? ) Proteins and fats A B) Sugars and starches C) Nucleotides and amino acids D) DNA and RNA Answer: B) Sugars and starches 27. What is a monosaccharide? ) A complex sugar made up of multiple monosaccharides A B) A single sugar molecule like glucose C) A fatty acid molecule D) A type of protein Answer: B) A single sugar molecule like glucose 28. Which cycle is responsible for moving carbon through ecosystems? ) Water cycle A B) Nitrogen cycle C) Oxygen cycle D) Carbon cycle Answer: D) Carbon cycle 29. Which of the following is true about the geosphere? ) It includes all living things A B) It includes only water C) It includes rocks, minerals, crust, and core D) It includes the Earth's atmosphere Answer: C) It includes rocks, minerals, crust, andcore 30. What are nucleic acids made of? ) Fatty acids A B) Amino acids C) Nucleotides D) Monosaccharides Answer: C) Nucleotides 31. What is the primary function of nucleic acids? ) To provide energy A B) To store and transfer genetic information C) To form cell membranes D) To synthesize proteins Answer: B) To store and transfer genetic information 32. Which of the following is a type of lipid? ) Starch A B) Triglyceride C) Glucose D) Hemoglobin Answer: B) Triglyceride 33. What is a polysaccharide? ) A single sugar molecule A B) A long chain of amino acids ) A long chain of sugar molecules C D) A complex lipid molecule Answer: C) A long chain of sugar molecules 34. What is an example of a polysaccharide? ) Glucose A B) Sucrose C) Cellulose D) Amino acid Answer: C) Cellulose 35. What does the term "denaturation" refer to? ) The formation of new proteins A B) The unfolding of a protein due to environmental conditions C) The synthesis of enzymes D) The folding of proteins into their functional shape Answer: B) The unfolding of a protein due to environmentalconditions 36. What is the main function of enzymes? ) To store energy A B) To speed up chemical reactions C) To transport molecules D) To build proteins Answer: B) To speed up chemical reactions 37. Which part of the cell is responsible for producing proteins? ) Mitochondria A B) Ribosomes C) Nucleus D) Golgi apparatus Answer: B) Ribosomes 38. What is the monomer of proteins? ) Nucleotide A B) Amino acid C) Fatty acid D) Glucose Answer: B) Amino acid 39. What is the function of the Golgi apparatus? ) Protein synthesis A B) Sorting, packaging, and shipping proteins C) Cellular respiration D) Lipid synthesis Answer: B) Sorting, packaging, and shipping proteins 40. Which organelle is the site of cellular respiration? ) Chloroplast A B) Mitochondrion C) Nucleus D) Endoplasmic Reticulum Answer: B) Mitochondrion 41. What is the purpose of the water cycle? ) To move nutrients through the environment A B) To store water for plants C) To move water through different forms on Earth D) To regulate temperature on Earth Answer: C) To move water through different forms onEarth 42. Which cycle involves nitrogen fixation? ) Water cycle A B) Carbon cycle C) Nitrogen cycle D) Oxygen cycle Answer: C) Nitrogen cycle 43. What type of bond forms between water molecules? ) Ionic bond A B) Covalent bond C) Hydrogen bond D) Peptide bond Answer: C) Hydrogen bond 44. What is the basic building block of carbohydrates? ) Nucleotides A B) Amino acids ) Fatty acids C D) Monosaccharides Answer: D) Monosaccharides 45. What is the primary function of carbohydrates in the body? ) To store genetic information A B) To provide long-term energy storage C) To provide short-term energy D) To help in digestion Answer: C) To provide short-term energy 46. What is the role of chlorophyll in photosynthesis? ) To absorb light energy for photosynthesis A B) To break down glucose C) To release oxygen D) To form the cell wall Answer: A) To absorb light energy for photosynthesis 7. Which of the following is a correct sequence of stages in cellular 4 respiration? ) Glycolysis → Krebs Cycle → Electron Transport Chain A B) Electron Transport Chain → Glycolysis → Krebs Cycle C) Krebs Cycle → Electron Transport Chain → Glycolysis D) Glycolysis → Electron Transport Chain → Krebs Cycle Answer: A) Glycolysis → Krebs Cycle → Electron TransportChain 48. What is a nucleotide? ) A building block of proteins A B) A building block of lipids C) A building block of carbohydrates D) A building block of nucleic acids Answer: D) A building block of nucleic acids 49. What is the function of RNA? ) To store genetic information A B) To transfer genetic information C) To produce glucose D) To synthesize proteins Answer: D) To synthesize proteins 50. What happens during the process of photosynthesis? ) Plants convert light energy into chemical energy stored in glucose A B) Plants produce carbon dioxide for the environment C) Plants break down glucose to release energy D) Plants absorb energy from the soil Answer: A) Plants convert light energy into chemicalenergy stored in glucose 51. What is an example of a lipid? ) Starch A B) Protein C) Cholesterol D) Cellulose Answer: C) Cholesterol 52. What is a characteristic of a polar molecule? ) It has no charge A B) It has a uniform charge throughout C) It has different charges on different parts of the molecule D) It is a non-reactive molecule Answer: C) It has different charges on different partsof the molecule 53. What is the process of nitrogen fixation? ) Conversion of nitrogen gas into ammonia A B) Conversion of ammonia into nitrites C) Conversion of nitrogen into oxygen D) Conversion of nitrogen into carbon Answer: A) Conversion of nitrogen gas into ammonia 54. What does a cell membrane consist of? ) Proteins and nucleic acids A B) Phospholipids and proteins C) Carbohydrates and lipids D) Proteins and sugars Answer: B) Phospholipids and proteins 55. What is a polysaccharide made of? ) Amino acids A B) Monosaccharides ) Fatty acids C D) Nucleotides Answer: B) Monosaccharides 56. Which type of macromolecule is an enzyme? ) Protein A B) Lipid C) Carbohydrate D) Nucleic acid Answer: A) Protein 57. What is the function of capillary action in plants? ) To help plants absorb nutrients from soil A B) To help water move up through plant roots and stems C) To transport proteins within the plant D) To store energy in plant cells Answer: B) To help water move up through plant rootsand stems 58. What process converts glucose into ATP? ) Photosynthesis A B) Cellular respiration C) Dehydration synthesis D) Hydrolysis Answer: B) Cellular respiration 59. What is the difference between an acid and a base? ) Acids donate OH- ions; bases donate H+ ions A B) Acids donate H+ ions; bases donate OH- ions C) Acids are neutral; bases are charged D) Acids are hydrophobic; bases are hydrophilic Answer: B) Acids donate H+ ions; bases donate OH-ions 60. What is an example of an organic molecule? ) Water A B) Carbon dioxide C) Glucose D) Sodium chloride Answer: C) Glucose 61. What happens during glycolysis? ) Glucose is broken down into pyruvate A B) Oxygen is used to break down glucose C) Energy is transferred to the electron transport chain D) Glucose is stored as starch Answer: A) Glucose is broken down into pyruvate 62. What is the purpose of the Calvin cycle? ) To generate glucose from carbon dioxide and water A B) To break down glucose for energy C) To release oxygen into the atmosphere D) To produce ATP and NADPH Answer: A) To generate glucose from carbon dioxideand water 63. Which of the following is true about nucleotides? ) They are made of amino acids A B) They are made of fatty acids C) They are the building blocks of proteins D) They are the building blocks of nucleic acids Answer: D) They are the building blocks of nucleicacids 64. What are the three parts of a nucleotide? ) A nitrogenous base, ribose, and a phosphate group A B) A nitrogenous base, glycerol, and fatty acids C) A nitrogenous base, glucose, and phosphate D) A nitrogenous base, sucrose, and proteins Answer: A) A nitrogenous base, ribose, and a phosphategroup 65. What is a function of RNA? ) To store genetic information A B) To carry genetic instructions for protein synthesis C) To store energy for the cell D) To form the structure of the cell membrane Answer: B) To carry genetic instructions for proteinsynthesis 66. What is a function of the mitochondria? ) To store genetic information A B) To make proteins ) To produce energy (ATP) C D) To transport nutrients Answer: C) To produce energy (ATP) 67. What is a function of the cell wall? ) To store food and water A B) To support and protect the cell C) To produce proteins D) To convert light energy to chemical energy Answer: B) To support and protect the cell 68. What is the main component of plant cell walls? ) Lipids A B) Cellulose C) Proteins D) Starch Answer: B) Cellulose 69. Which of the following best describes a nonpolar molecule? ) A molecule that has no charge A B) A molecule that has equal charge distribution C) A molecule that dissolves in water D) A molecule with opposite charges at different ends Answer: B) A molecule that has equal charge distribution 70. What is the role of oxygen in cellular respiration? ) It is broken down to release energy A B) It is used to form glucose C) It is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain D) It is converted to nitrogen Answer: C) It is the final electron acceptor in theelectron transport chain 71. Which macromolecule is primarily used for energy storage? ) Carbohydrates A B) Proteins C) Nucleic acids D) Lipids Answer: A) Carbohydrates 72. What is the purpose of nitrogen fixation in the nitrogen cycle? ) To convert nitrogen into a usable form for plants A B) To break down proteins C) To release nitrogen gas into the atmosphere D) To convert nitrogen into glucose Answer: A) To convert nitrogen into a usable formfor plants 73. What is the end product of glycolysis? ) ATP A B) Pyruvate C) NADH D) Carbon dioxide Answer: B) Pyruvate 74. What type of bond is formed between two amino acids? ) Ionic bond A B) Hydrogen bond C) Peptide bond D) Covalent bond Answer: C) Peptide bond 75. What is the role of ribosomes in a cell? ) To store genetic information A B) To synthesize proteins C) To produce energy D) To transport nutrients Answer: B) To synthesize proteins
