The Christian Scriptures Review For Test 2 PDF

The Christian Scriptures Review for Test 2 Overview Deuteronomy Theology The Deuteronomistic History Joshua, Judges, 1-2 Samuel, 1-2 Kings Important Characters and Events United Monarchy Important Characters and Events Deuteronomy “second law” Final book of th...

The Christian Scriptures Review for Test 2 Overview Deuteronomy Theology The Deuteronomistic History Joshua, Judges, 1-2 Samuel, 1-2 Kings Important Characters and Events United Monarchy Important Characters and Events Deuteronomy “second law” Final book of the Torah/Pentateuch Differs from the “first law(?)” in Exod 20–Num 10 Three “C’s” of Deuteronomic Theology: Reward and Retribution Covenant (One God) Cult Centralization (One worship place) Consequences (blessings and curses) The Deuteronomistic History (DH) Joshua, Judges, 1–2 Samuel, 1–2 Kings Part of the Nevi’im; Former Prophets; “Historical Books” Historiography through the lens of Deuteronomic theology Purpose: A theological explanaTon for the failure of the monarchy. Laws of Warfare in Deuteronomy and the DH Ḥerem “the ban” Items, land, people devoted to God Style of warfare appearing outside the Bible The Mesha InscripRon (ca. 840 BCE) Mesha devoted (ḥerem) conquered people to Ashtar-Chemosh Joshua: Overview New Leadership Moses à Joshua (Deut 34) Outline Josh 1–12: Military Campaigns Josh 13–21: Distribution of land to tribes Josh 24: Shechem covenant ceremony Joshua: Key Themes and Events Obedience Crossing the Jordan (chs. 3–4) Conquest of Jericho (ch. 6) Ritual procession Rahab is saved Ḥerem warfare Disobedience The sin of Achan Kept banned (ḥerem) items for himself Joshua: Key Themes and Events Covenant Renewal at Shechem (ch. 24) One God “Choose this day who you will serve…as for me and my household, we will serve the LORD.” (24:15 Judges: Overview 1200 – 1020 B.C.E. – Tribal ConfederaTon / Period of the “Judges” Theological and NarraTve Cycle Disobedience Oppression by enemies Repentance Deliverance through an appointed leader “Judges” – what are they? Stories of regional conflict, but about “all Israel.” Refrain in 17–21 “In those days there was no king in Israel; all the people did what was right in their own eyes.” Judges: Important Characters and Events Ehud Left-handed Benjaminite Kills Eglon, king of Moab Deborah Military leader, led campaign against Jabin of Hazor Jael Kills Sisera, Jabin’s general Associated with the “Song of Deborah” (Judges ch. 5) Judges: Important Characters and Events Gideon Defeats the Midianites with 300 men Had 70 sons Abimelech Son of Gideon. Killed all his brothers except Jotham Was killed by a millstone dropped on his head by a woman Jephthah Sacrificed his daughter because of his vow Judges: Important Characters and Events Samson ”a nazirite” (nezir Elohim “dedicated to God”) Married to Delilah Fought the PhilisRnes The Levite, his concubine, and the war on Benjamin Rape of the Levite’s concubine War against Benjamin RepopulaRon of Benjamin Oaths, ḥerem, rape of the daughters of Shiloh The United Monarchy 1022–922 B.C.E. – Period of the United Monarchy Saul, David, Solomon 1 and 2 Samuel 1 Sam 1–3, 7–8: Samuel NarraRves 1 Sam 2, 4–7; 2 Sam 6: Ark NarraRves 1 Sam 9–14: Saul NarraRves 1 Sam 16–2 Sam 24: David’s Rise and Reign The United Monarchy: Samuel Profession Final “Judge,” Prophet (Seer), Priest Function Transitional figure between judges and kings Anoints Saul and David Setting Sanctuary at Shiloh – location of the Ark of the Covenant Contrasts Eli and his sons, Hophni and Phinehas The United Monarchy: Saul From the tribe of Benjamin Anointed by Samuel Rejected aaer Assuming the role of a priest (1 Sam 13) Foolish oath and mishandling the “ban” (1 Sam 14-15) ConsulRng a medium (1 Sam 16) Died at Mt. Gilboa (1 Sam 31; 2 Sam 1) The United Monarchy: David Secretly anointed by Samuel (1 Sam 16) Two introducTons to Saul: As a court musician (1 Sam 16:14) As a military hero who fights Goliath (1 Sam 17) The United Monarchy: David David’s rise to power: court apologeTc literature? ExplanaRon of potenRally damaging facts (created by David’s court to protect David’s reputaRon). Kills Goliath (1 Sam 17) Is befriended by Jonathan, Saul’s son Marries Michal, Saul’s daughter Serves Saul militarily Mourns Saul’s death and has “killer” executed The United Monarchy: David’s Political Success Early capital at Hebron Wins civil war against Ishbaal, Saul’s son Takes Jerusalem as his capital Builds a palace, suppresses Philistines, defeats Aram, Moab, and Edom. Fulfills Abrahamic promises (Gen 12:1–3; 15:18–21; 17:1–14) Worship CentralizaJon Jerusalem becomes the religions center. The Ark of the Covenant is brought to Jerusalem. David tries to build a temple Nathan postpones this David builds an altar, instead. Davidic Covenant (2 Sam 7) “everlasRng” dynasty David and Bathsheba Abuse of power, adulterous affair with Bathsheba Murder of her husband, Uriah the Hihte Nathan confronts and accuses David David repents “I have sinned against the LORD” Cf. Psa 51 Consequences of David’s Abuse Child of Bathsheba dies Though Bathsheba later gives birth to Solomon Absalom, one of David’s sons, gathers a rebellion against David Part of a court apologeRc? David expelled from Jerusalem Joab kills Absalom, though David tells him to “deal gently” with Absalom David’s Census and the Plague David takes a census of his military Causes a plague (See differences in 2 Sam 24 “Yahweh” and 2 Chron 21 “Satan”). David builds an altar in Jerusalem Sacrifice stops the plague David is the cause and cure of Israel’s woes The United Monarchy: Solomon Two views of succession: Primogeniture: The firstborn inherits rights to the throne Royal Fiat: The king determines the successor Pro-Adonijah (Primogeniture) Joab (military leader) & Abiathar (priest) Pro-Solomon (Royal Fiat) Bathsheba and Nathan Benaiah (one of David’s military elite) Cherethites and Pelethites Zadok (priest) The United Monarchy: Solomon Solomon’s Wisdom Reorganizes his administraRon (1 Kings 4) Creates trade contracts with a major port city (Tyre) (1 Kings 5) Begins building a fleet (1 Kings 9) Solomon’s Temple (1 Kings 5–8) Worship centralizaRon Builds a palace at the same Rme Temple dedicaRon The United Monarchy: Solomon Solomon’s building projects Israelite forced labor Canaanite slave labor Created defensive forRficaRons at Hazor, Megiddo, Gezer Solomon’s wives 700 wives, 300 concubines Allowed worship of Astarte, Milkom, Chemosh The Divided Monarchy Northern Kingdom of Israel Jeroboam (922–901 B.C.E.) Religions capital(s): Dan and Bethel “High places” “Sin of Jeroboam” – two golden calves at Bethel and Dan Southern Kingdom of Judah Rehoboam (922–915 B.C.E.) Religious capital: Jerusalem Davidic Dynasty Continues through kings in the southern kingdom of Judah