Sunday School Grade 10 Final Notes PDF

SUNDAY SCHOOL – GRADE 10 – FINAL NOTES Chapter 4 Inter-Testament History 1.Who was the Great King of Greek? Alexander the Great BC 356-323 2. What is Septuagint? Name the ruler who inspired it? Septuagint is the Greek translation of Old Testament Bible, which is translated by 70 scholars, inspsired by the Greek ruler Ptolemy II during BC 285-247 3. Who ruled the Greek empire after Alexander? Military Generals Ptolemy & Seleuches took power. 4. Name the Seluchean king who ended the rule of Ptolemies? Antiochus IV defeated Ptolemy VI in BC 170 5. Who was the leader of Maccaabees ? Judas Maccabees 6. Name the persons who bribed Antiochus IV to become the high priest? Jasosn brother of Onias III, Menelaus 7. What is “Hanukkah?” Hanukkah is the remembrance of capturing & re-dedication of Jerusalem Temple by Maccaabees, on BC 164 It is celebrating every 25th day of Kislev Hebrew month for 8 days. 8.What is the meaning of the word Maccabees? Hammer 9. What is the alternate name of Hasidim dynasty?. Hasmonean 10. What were the posts held by Hasidim kings simultaneously? They were priests, administrators & military generals. 11. Who is the only woman ruler of Hasidim dynasty? Queen Salome Alexandra 12. Whose competition for power led to Roman intervention in Israel? Queen Salome’s sons Hyrcanus II and Aristobulus II 13. Name the Idumean friend of Hyrcanus II? Antipater of Idumea 14. Which were the major powers during the Inter-Testament period? Great powers during this period-Assyria,Babylon,Parsis,Greeks & Romans. 15. Name the Governor during Jesus Christ’s public ministry & cruicifixion? Pontius Pilate AD 26-36 16. Which were the Old Testament books written during Inter-Testament period? Ezra, Nehemiah, Daniel, Haggai & Zachariah. 17. Which were the Apocyrpha books written during Inter-Testament period? 1.Tobit 2.Judith 3.Maccabees1 4.Maccabees2 5.Wisdom 6.Sirach 7.Baruch 18.Which were the Jewish history books? Book of Maccabees and writings of Joseephus and Philo of Alexandria (1st Century AD) 19.When did King Herod die? BC 4 Chapter 5 The Holy Bible – A General Outline One Word Answers 1. Name the Syriac Bible, accepted by the Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church. Peshitho Bible 2. Who translated Peshitho Bible to Malayalam? Rev. Kurian Cor Episcopa Kaniyamparambil 3. Who translated gospels of Peshito Bible into Malayalam? Ramban Philipose of Kayamkulam , Ramban Ittoop of Pulikottil and Thinmayya Pillai. 4. is the word of God. Holy Bible 5. is the fundamental scripture of Christians. Holy Bible 6. is part of the sacred tradition of our Church. Holy Bible 7. Name the Deutero Canonical Books (additional books in the Peshito Bible). Tobit, Judith, The Wisdom of Solomon, Baruch, Sirach, 1 &2 Maccabees 8. The book which records the events till the life of Israelites in Egypt. Genesis 9. Which book of Bible tells us about the tribulations of Israelites in Egypt? Exodus 10. The book ----------explains the offerings and sacrifices of Israelites to God. Leviticus 11. Which book of Old Testament contains the farewell speech of Moses? Deuteronomy 12. The book which deals with the kingship of Solomon, division of the country, fall of the kingdoms and exile. Kings 13. Books which contain the quest of Israelites for their cultural identity after their return from exile. Ezra and Nehemiah 14. The books from ----- till ------- deal with the history of people from the times of Abraham till their return from exile. Genesis till Nehemiah 15. Name the disciple and successor of Moses. Joshua 16. Name 2 beautiful historical narratives in the Holy Bible. Ruth and Esther 17 ------- contain events from the birth of Jesus till His ascension. Gospels 18. Name the 4 Gospels? Matthew, Mark, Luke and John. 19. Who wrote the ‘Acts of Apostles’? St. Luke 20. What is ‘Ta Na K?’ Torah, Nebim, Kethubim 21. The book ---------tells us the story of Israelites after the death of Moses. Joshua 22. Who led Israelites into Canaan, the promised land? Joshua 23. Who wrote Pentateuch? Moses 24. List the Pentateuch. Genesis Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, Deuteronomy 25. Name the Apocalyptic literature in New Testament. Revelation 26. The Old Testament ends with the book of ------- --. Malachi 27. The book of --------- of Peshitho Bible throughs light into the ‘hidden period’ of history. Maccabees 28. Head of Prophets. Moses 29. The first five books of Old Testament are known as --------- --. Pentateuch 30. First king of Israel. Saul 31. Last judge of Israel. Samuel 32. Who was called by God to come away from his homeland and go to the land to be shown? Abraham 33. Who is the liberator of Israelites from Egypt? Moses 34. Name the historical book in New Testament. Acts of the Apostles 35. Old Testament contains 39 books and New Testament contains 27 books. 36. Which book provides a brief description of the founding and development of the Church in Judah and Jerusalem? Acts of Apostles. Chapter 06 The Epistles of St. Paul Questions 1. No. of epistles authored by St. Paul (14) 2. Which are considered as the important set of books, after the Gospels? (Epistles) 3. How many Epistles were sent to Churches? (10) 4. How many Epistles were sent to individuals? (04) 5. What does the body of the letters contain of? (Teachings of Faith and dogmas of faith) 6. The Epistles to Timothy and Titus are also known as? (Pastoral Letters) 7. What does Pastoral Letters speak about? (Shepherds of Church) 8. In our sacraments, do we read the Epistles of St. Paul? (Yes) 9. Since the Epistles of St. Paul was inspired by the Holy Spirit, they contained a certain type of message in it. What are they? (Spiritual) 10. Name the scribe who wrote the Epistle of Romans? (Tertius) 11. Name the first epistle of St. Paul, according to the view of scholars? ( Epistle to Galatians) 12. Name the last epistle of St. Paul? (2nd Letter to Timothy) 13. Name the Prison Epistles? (Ephesians, Colossians, Philippians and Philemon) 14. Name the Pastoral letters? (Timothy and Titus) 15. The Epistles of St. Paul was written between _____ and ____. (AD 49 and AD 67) 16. The Epistles of St. Paul was written by the inspiration of _______. (Holy Spirit) 17. The Epistles of St. Paul was written in __________ language. (Greek) 18. The Epistles of St. Paul contains the _____ to issues and needs of various churches. (response) 19. Every of St. Paul’s Epistles began with a ______ or a ________. (greeting, salutation) 20. In the Epistles, the greeting is followed by ____. (thanksgiving to God) 21. There are _____ Epistles under the Prison Epistles. (04) 22. There are _____ Epistles under the Pastoral Epistles. (03) 23. Epistles were taken by the _________ people to their destinations. (loyal) 24. Feast of St. Peter and St. Paul is celebrated on--------. (June 29th) 25. Who delivered Paul’s letter to the Romans? (Phoebe) 26. The hymn ‘Paulose Sleeha…’ is based on which epistle of Paul? (Galatians 1:8,9) 27. The greetings in the Epistles of St. Paul are followed by --------- to God. (Thanksgiving) 28. All Pauline epistles conclude with --------. (Words of blessing) 29. Who was St. Paul’s messenger to the Church of Ephesus? Tychicus 30. How did St. Paul attain martyrdom? (Paul was beheaded during the time of Emperor Nero) 31. Name the scribe who helped Paul in writing Romans? (Tertius) 32. _________ letters speak about the Shepherds of the Church especially their qualifications and duties. (Pastoral) 33. Name the 3 Pastoral Epistles. (I Timothy, II Timothy, Titus). True / False 1. All the letters of St. Paul are not available with us. True 2. In all our sacraments, readings from the Pauline epistles are made along with readings from the gospels. True 3. All Pauline epistles start with a greeting or salutation. True 4. Many scholars are of the view that the first epistle of St. Paul is the epistle to Galatians. True Chapter 7: The Theological Vision of St. Paul Answer in one word 1. State the three positions of ecclesiastical ministry in the early Church? (Episcopa, Kashisha, Deacon) 2. _____ is the lamb of the Passover sacrificed for the remission of mankind. (Jesus Christ) 3. ______is the greatest grace of the Holy Spirit. (Love) 4. What is the theme of Paul’s epistle to Thessalonians? (End of the Age and the Second Coming of Christ) 5. St. Paul describes the End of Ages as ______. (The Day of the Lord) 6. _____is the architect of the Temple of God. (Holy Spirit) 7. _____ is the eternal Son of God. (Jesus Christ) 8. Paul describes Life in Christ as Life in the ____. (Holy Spirit) 9. The ______are the stones which build up the Temple of God. (believers) 10.The head of the Church is _____. (Jesus Christ) 11.Name 2 important leaders of the Church during the time of Apostle Paul. (Titus &Timothy) 12.The intimate relationship between Christ and the Church is mentioned using the symbols of ______ and ______. (Husband &wife / Bridegroom &Bride) 13. Before the ___ coming the ____ will strive against God with all its might. (Second, Force of evil (Satan) 14. The second stage focuses on __ (Christology and thoughts on the Holy Spirit) 15. _____ clarifies in several epistles that ___ is the eternal Son of God. He is equal to and one with the Father and is the ____ of the Father. Everything in heaven and Earth was created through the Son. However, the ___ willed to condescend from his Equality with Father, took the form of servant and became _____ (St. Paul-Jesus Christ-Manifestation- son-man) 16. Faith is the experience of submitting oneself to the_________ and ________revealed in Jesus Christ (Love and Mercy) 17. Life in Christ is described as __________ (Life in holy spirit) 18. The Holy Spirit lends strength and _______ and along with it leads to ___ and unity (Discrimination- fellowship) Questions 1. What are the main themes of the first stage? Ans. End of the Age and the Second Coming of Christ. 2. What is the End of Ages described as? Ans. The day of the Lord (1 Thessalonians 5:2, 2 Thessalonians 1:10) 3. What is said to happen in the end of ages? Ans. Jesus Christ would reappear for the last Judgement of both the living and the dead. 4. What will happen on the day of arrival of Jesus Christ. (Elaborate) Ans. The dead would resurrect from their tombs and the living would be transformed. Everyone would witness the last judgement, after that all would join together in Christ. The life and integration of man lost through sin shall be regained. The transformed will inherit the New Sky and New Earth. 5. St. Paul says that Jesus Christ is the Ans. Lamb of the Passover sacrificed for the remission of mankind 6. What does St. Paul elaborate in the third stage? Ans. St. Paul elaborates his vision of the Christian church, the Christian church spread to all important cities in the East and West of the Roman Empire 7.When does St. Paul think in detail about the church and its Catholic nature. Ans. In the later period when Paul is imprisoned in Rome. 8. The three symbols St. Paul used to talk about the Church are Ans. -Church is the Holy Temple of the Kingdom of God -Church is the Bride of Christ -Church is the Body of Christ 9. What is presented in the fourth stage? Ans.The issues of church administration, ecclesiastical authorities their qualification, duties, etc. 10. The ecclesiastical administrators could better be termed as Ans. Men servers. 11. What were the three positions and their responsibilities of ecclesiastical ministry in the early church and how were they ordained? Ans. The three positions were Episcopa, Kashisha and Deacon. To lead corporate worship, teach the true faith, resist heresies and help in the spiritual growth of the believers. They were ordained by the apostles by laying hands on them. 12. In which two epistles does St. Paul clarify these duties? Ans. Epistles written to Timothy and to Titus 13. What is Christology? Ans. Study of life of Christ 14. What does St. Paul clarify in several of his epistles? Ans. Jesus is the eternal Son of God. He is equal to and one with the Father and is the manifestation of the Father. Everything in heaven and earth was created through the son. However, the son willed to condescend from his equality with father, took the form of servant and became man. 15. What does St. Paul reveal about the Holy Spirit? Ans. He reveals that the Holy Spirit is not merely and energy but a person of God. The Holy Spirit resides in the church and apportions various graces for the building up of the church. The greatest of these graces is love. 16. How does the Holy Spirit help us? Ans. The Holy Spirit lends strength and determination and along with it leads to fellowship and unity. The Holy Spirit enables and affirms the fellowship of the church. CHAPTER 08 – THE GENERAL EPISTLES Why are the ‘General Epistles’ called so? They are not addressed to any Church in particular. 2. Which are the two major circumstances of writing General Epistles? Persecution of Christians, Growth of heresies 3. Name the 7 General Epistles. James, Jude, I Peter, II Peter, I John, II John, III John 4. Which epistle is known as ‘Epistle of Hope’ and ‘Epistle of Encouragement’? I Peter 5. Which book is read along with the Epistle of Jude? II Peter 6. According to the 2nd Epistle of Peter, who are bringing swift destruction upon themselves and follow their pernicious ways. Apostate Teachers 7. They utter feigned word out of covetousness.’ Who are they? Apostate Teachers 8. Deceivers who confess not that Jesus Christ is come in the flesh.’ Who are they? Apostate Teachers 9. To whom was the third Epistle of St. John addressed to? Garius 10. Which day is celebrated as ‘Golden Friday’? Friday after Pentecost 11. Which biblical lessons are read on the Northern side of the Chancel step? Acts of the Apostles or General Epistles 12. Which biblical lessons are read on the Southern side of the Chancel step? Epistle of St. Paul 13. ‘…. The servant of Jesus Christ and the brother of James.’ Who am I? Jude 14. Name the 5 books written by St. John in the New Testament. Gospel according to St.John, I John, II John, III John, Revelation. 15. This Epistle elaborates on love, the hallmark of Christian Life.’ Find the Epistle. I John 16. Name the Episcopa of the Church in Jerusalem who was known as one of the three ‘pillars of the church’. James (brother of Jesus Christ) 17. Which Epistle doesn’t mention anything about declension and apostacy? III John 18. I am one of the ‘brothers’ of Jesus Christ, the Episcopa of the Church in Jerusalem and one of the three pillars of the church. Who am I? St. James 19. Why is controlling tongue essential? for spiritual sustenance. 20. Name the epistle which contains a lot of instructions for practical Christian life? Epistle of James 21. List the main teachings in the epistle of St. James. Faith &Work, Christian Equality &Brotherly love, Control the tongue, Prayer. 22. How did St. Peter attain martyrdom? Peter was crucified upside down during the time of Emperor Nero 23. State the bible reference from the epistle of St. James which justify anointing the sick with oil. St. James 5: 13-18 24. All epistles except those by Paul are called-----------. General Epistle. 25. The first Epistle of St. Peter was written to the believers scattered in ___, ___, ___, ___ and ___ Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, Asia and Bithynia 26. St. Peter was martyred in _____. AD 67 27. The first part of the first Epistle of Paul dealt with __________ the believers must follow. Spiritual and Moral Principles 28. Jude exposes the heresy of ______Gnosticism. 29. The Second and the Third Epistle of St. John contained only __ chapters each 01 chapter. 30. Our faith should prompt us to do works of ______ love. 31. Faith without works is ____ dead. 32. According to St. John, ------- is the hallmark of Christian life. Love 33. The first epistle of Peter is written at the time of---------. Persecution 34. The second epistle is written in the background of -------. Heresies. Chapter 9 The Book of Revelation 1. Greek word ‘Apocalypse’ means? a) Resurrection b) Unveiling c) Ordination d) Persecution 2. Which Roman Emperor propagated ‘worship of the emperor’? a) Nero b) Julius c) Domitian d) Constantine 3. Which is the first Apocalyptical Book in the Bible? a) Genesis b) Daniel c) Exodus d) Isaiah 4. ______________is the prophetic book of the New Testament a) Genesis b) Proverbs c) Revelation d) Psalms 5. Name the author of the Book of Revelation a) St. Jude b) St. John c) St. James d) St. Peter 6. Revelation is perhaps the least popular of all books in the Holy Bible. Why? a) It contains a lot of conflicts and imaginary unpractical theories b) It contains a lot of confusing logics and unclear suggestions c) It contains a lot of confusing suggestions and teachings that are irrelevant for the current era d) It contains a lot of confusing visions and uncommon illustrations 7. Revelation book is not read during the public worship of the church a) The symbols and images used in it create confusion b) The instructions and images used in it are not Christian value based c) The symbols and images used in it are not aligned to the teachings of Christ d) The symbols and images are not used to make the content interesting 8. Which is not a difference between prophetic books and Apocalyptical writings? a) Prophetic books contain spiritual and moral teachings but Apocalyptic writings present God’s judgment of the world b) The prophets were writers, but Apocalyptic writers were speakers c) The prophets often scolded the people, but Apocalyptic writers encouraged them d) The prophets wrote in clear language, but Apocalyptic writers used symbols and images. 9. What is the reason for terrible persecution of the Churches in Asia Minor by Roman emperors? a) Christians worshipped Idols that were not allowed by the decree of Rome b) Christians declined the Roman emperor’s decree to worship his idol c) Christians declined the Roman emperor’s religious laws and regulations d) Christians declined the Roman emperor’s constitution and tried to spread Christianity 10. The Roman emperor who reigned from AD 81 to AD 96 and persecuted Christians a) Nero b) Domitian c) Napoleon d) Alexander 11. St. John had a vision of heaven while living in................. island and wrote the Book of Revelation a) Galapagos b) Palawan c) Pacific d) Patmos 12. Name the Church Fathers of 2nd century AD who testified the name of the author of the book Revelation a) Clement and Cyril b) Justin Martyr and Irenaeus c) Alexander and Basil d) Jerome and Andrews 1. Why the book of Revelation called a ‘Prophetic book’? The Book of revelation is known as the Apocalypse of John, but it is also considered to be prophetic book because the book contains a vision of the future by St. John while he was in exile in the island of Patmos. 2. Why is the book of Revelation not read during the public worship of the church? (or) Why don’t many people prefer to read the Book of Revelation? The book of Revelation is radically different from other books in its theme and presentation. It contains a lot of confusing visions and uncommon illustrations. The symbols and images used in it create confusion. Hence this book is not read during the public worship of the church. 3. What are apocalyptical writings? The Greek word ‘Apocalypse’ means an unveiling or unfolding of things not previously know, revelation etc. It means revealing future happenings known only to God. People undergoing trials and persecution will have great curiosity and anxiety about the future and these Apocalyptic writings will give them courage to face the trials and persecution. 4. What are the differences between prophetic books and Apocalyptical writings? Prophetic books Apocalyptic writings Prophetic books are mainly teachings based on the spiritual and moral issues of contemporary times. Apocalyptic writings present God’s judgement of the world in future. They present the happenings at the end of the world. The prophets were primarily speakers. Their message was recorded only in later times. Apocalyptic writers are not speakers, but writers. The prophets often scolded the people and exhorted them to turn to God. Apocalyptic writers imparted courage to people and encouraged them to stand steadfast in faith. The prophets spoke about divine interventions in a clear language. The Apocalyptic writers imparted their message covertly using symbols and images. 4 5. What are the Features of Apocalyptic writings? (i) These writings lack clarity of expression. Instead, the themes are presented in figurative and symbolic language. Images of strange creatures, animals, and numerology are employed to convey the ideas. People in those days could understand this figurative language. Simplicity and clarity were avoided, and figurative language was used because it was times of persecutions. (ii) They depict the conflict between good and evil ie. between God and Satan. People of God are persecuted because of Satan’s schemes. However, God intervenes eventually, defeats Satan and establishes His omnipotence. (iii) God reveals His message through dreams and visions. On most occasions the message is imparted through angels. 6. What are the circumstances under which St. John wrote Book of Revelation? The Book of Revelation was written at a time when Christians were being persecuted. The persecution was unleashed by the then Roman emperor Domitian and the reason for persecution was that Christians declined the emperor’s decree to worship his idol. During this period St. John was exiled to the island of Patmos and the churches of Asia Minor suffered severe persecution. It was in these circumstances that St. John had a vision of heaven while living in Patmos Island and wrote the Book of Revelation. 7. What is the central message of the Book of Revelation? Book of revelation contains a great message of hope and victory. Good will win over evil and Jesus Christ would vanquish evil even if Satan dominated for a period. The future is controlled by God and the future of mankind is related to Lord Jesus Christ. Evil and persecutions happen to man not only as punishment but also for the renewal of life. The Christian Church has to encounter trials and persecutions. Satan, the opposing forces of the world and the false teachings create problems to the church, but Jesus Christ will attain victory over everything. A new heaven and new earth will be born, and the kingdom of God will be founded everywhere. Chapter 10 - Canon of the Holy Bible 1. What does the word ‘Canon’ mean in Greek? (Measuring Rod) 2. For a book to be approved by the church, how many criterions are to be followed? (04) 3. Where should the books be used? (in worship and should have general acceptance) 4. How many books were there in the Hebrew Bible which was followed by the Jews in Palestine. (39 books) 5. Name the Greek book which was translated from Hebrew by 70 scholars? (Septuagint) 6. How many books did the Greek Bible contain? (46 books) 7. When was the Council of Jamnia held on? (AD 90) 8. Which Bible was rejected in the Council of Jamnia? (the Alexandrian/ Greek Bible) 9. In the Council of Jamnia, how many books were fixed in the Bible? (39 books) 10. By what name is the additional books in the Greek translation known as? (Deutero- Canonical Books) 11. Which were the first books to be recognized in the New Testament based on the criteria? (The Gospels, Acts of Apostles and the 14 Epistles of St. Paul) 12. Name the heretic who prepared the list of the New Testament books? (Marcion) 13. On which year was the Church of Rome published the official list of New Testament books? (AD 180) 14. How many books are there in the present New Testament part? (27 books) 15. Name the book which was excluded in the list of St. Cyril of Jerusalem? (The Book of Revelation) 16. For every book, the content should be beneficial to the _____. (faith) 17. To include a book in the canon, the book should ___ people to God. (lead) 18. The local language of Alexandria was _____. (Greek) 19. Most of the New Testament books were authored by _____ to propagate their theories. (heretics) 20. For a book should be approved, it is not necessary for the author should be accepted as the man/ woman of God. (False1) 21. There were almost 40 scholars in translating the Hebrew Bible. (False2) 22. The books which was inspired by the Holy Spirit contained true teachings. (True) 23. No. of books in the orthodox bible according to Greek translation (39+7=46) * 7 Deutero canonical books Chapter 12 Observing the Passion Week Give the meaning of the following words: 1. Promeyon- Preface 2. Sedra- Order or Series 3. Eniono- Praise or Prayer of response 4. Kolo- Hymn 5. Ethro- Prayer with incense 6. Bothed Hasho- Pauses of Passion Week Prayers 7. Bovootho- Supplication 8. Sugeeso- Additional Answer in one sentence: 9. Name the three Church Fathers after whom the Bovoosos are categorised. Mar Jacob, Mar Aphrem and Mar Balai. 10. Name the Moranaya Festival likely to fall during the Passion Week. Feast of Annunciation (March 25th). 11. Name the hymns added to the Good Friday service to regulate the length of service. Give an example. ‘Sugeeso’ and ‘Madroso’. Ex: Khathaka dhikkariye vennon… (Good Friday 3rd Hour), Kallanmaarude samvaadam (Good Friday 9th Hour) 12. How many solemn processions are conducted on Good Friday? 2 13. Prayers of the Passion week begin with the vespers on the evening of: - Hosanna Sunday 14. Why don’t we recite Hail Mary during the Passion week We concentrate only on the Passion and Cross of Christ. 15. When is the second procession of Good Friday done? After the prostrations in front of the Holy Cross Fill in the blanks: 16. ‘Holy Art Though O God’ is a ___Trisagion Prayer 17. The prayers of the Passion Week start with vespers (Sandhya) on the evening of the ___Hosannah Sundays. 18. The Proclamation before the Evangelion in Passion Week is ______________ Brief and plain 19. Those who reach Church at Hour of Prime should not forget to recite______ prayers at home. Nocturn 20. Joseph of Arimathea and Nicodemas carried Christ’s dead body from cross to His tomb. 21. During the Passion Week services evangelion is read during all canonical hours except - Compline (Soothara). 22. The prayers of Passion Week are to be followed from the evening worship of Monday. True or False: 23. The first procession of Good Friday is done after the prayers of Compline (Soothara). False. It is done after the prayers of Terce (3rd hour). 24. There will be no Benediction during Passion Week. True 25. The prayer ‘Hail Mary’ is recited during the Passion Week. False 26. Kauma prayer contains Lord’s Prayer. True 27. The Kauma prayers recited during Passion Week are different from ordinary Kauma prayers. True 28. On all days of the Passion Week, one ‘Kauma’ is used for each day. False (On Good Friday we have different kauma for each canonical hour) 29. The first procession on Good Friday reminds us of Christ’s journey to Golgotha carrying the cross. True 30. The second procession on Good Friday commemorates Joseph of Arimathea and Nicodemas carrying Christ’s dead body from cross to His tomb. True 31. Peculiarities of Passion Week service. ‘Hail Mary’ is not recited during Passion Week. Normally during Passion week, the chancel of the Holy of Holies remained veiled. The chancel is only unveiled during the Holy Eucharist on Maundy Thursday and at the time of adoration of Holy Cross on Good Friday. The kukkiliyons are not recited There will be no benediction, kiss of peace and kiss of hand. The proclamations before Evangelion will be brief and plain. The bell and sacramental fan are not used during Church Services. Chapter 13 – The Holy Eucharist on Maundy Thursday & Holy Saturday Answer in one word 1. Holy Saturday is also known as ‘Saturday of Evangelism’. 2. An important ceremony conducted during the afternoon of Maundy Thursday is the washing of feet. 3. Holy Saturday is the day on which all believers should commemorate their dear departed in the Holy Eucharist. True or False 4. The Holy Saturday Eucharist begins by noon after completing the canonical prayers till None. True 5. On Holy Saturday there is a practice of the congregation going to cemetery to pray. True 6. On Maundy Thursday Holy Eucharist begins after saying the prayers till Terce. True Answer in 2 or 3 sentences 7. List the differences between the Holy Eucharist on ordinary days and that of Maundy Thursday. Trisagion is substituted by special kauma of Maundy Thursday. The Kauma of Maundy Thursday is used to bless the censor. No Kiss of peace No blessing of peace to the congregation. The proclamations before evangelion will be brief and plain. Kuklioyons are not recited, instead Kauma of Maundy Thursday is recited. 8. Which are the two canonical prayers to be said on Maundy Thursday after the Holy Eucharist? Ans: 6th hour and 9th hour prayers. 9. Do we make prostrations after the Holy Qurbana on Maundy Thursday? Why? Ans: No. Prostration is a way of showing our total submission to the divine in body and spirit to the salvific work of Christ. It also involves penitence in action. It is assumed that when we attend the Holy Qurbana, we have participated in the Holy Body and Blood of Christ. The Body and Blood of Christ confirms removal of sin and our estrangement from the divine. Once that is done there is no need for penitence. There is no greater submission than participation in the Holy Qurbana. 10. A brief note on the peculiarities of the Holy Eucharist of Holy Saturday. Ans: The Holy Eucharist is prohibited on the altar upon which the holy cross is laid. The chancel of the holy of holies where the holy cross is interred is not to be unveiled. No one should stand or walk in the Holy of Holies carelessly. The Holy Eucharist begins by noon after completing the canonical prayers till None and after the reading from the Old Testament. The order of this Holy Eucharist too is same as the one on Maundy Thursday. Trisagion is substituted by special kauma of Holy Saturday. No Kiss of peace No blessing of peace to the congregation. The proclamations before evangelion will be brief and plain. Kuklioyons are not recited, instead Kauma of Holy Saturday is recited. There is the practise of the congregation going to the cemetery to pray and the priest censing the cemetery. Chapter 14 - The Evening of Sleeba 1. When is the Feast of the Holy Cross (Sleeba Perunnal) celebrated? 14th September 2. Which hymn is the intercessory prayer to Mother of God in evening worship of Holy Cross season? We beseech thee Holy Mother! Pray with us, and for our sake (Yaa Chikkunnu njangalodopum…) 3. Which season of worship is observed from Feast of Holy Cross till Easter Sleeba season 4. When do we shift from Sleeba to Kyemtha season of worship? After Easter 5. What is the main theme of Sleeba season worship? (or) Which holy person is given importance in Sleeba season worship? Mother of God. 6. Which hymn praises the martyrs who suffered tribulations for the sake of Lord Jesus Christ. He who died on the cross, at the right hand (Chrooshimmel Thala Chayaichan…) 7. What will those who suffer for the Lord Jesus Christ receive? The crown of life. 8. What was the Annunciation heard by Mary in the hymn Glory to Thee - Son of God! Who came forth from Womb of holy? (Vazhverum Nirmalakanyaka…) About the birth of Jesus Christ. 9. Which is the hymn of penitence included in the compline (Suthara) prayer? Afraid am I for my sins……. 10. Which musical instrument is mentioned in the hymn - Afraid am I for my sins……… Lyre Chapter 17 World-wide Dispersal of the Church during Colonial times 1. Go therefore and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the ______, ______, _______ and teaching them to obey everything that I have commanded you. And remember, I am with you always, to the end of the age. Father, Son and the Holy Spirit 2. The disciples had obeyed the commandment of Jesus Christ to bear His ____________ throughout the world. Witness 3. Reformation movement of the __________ was a turning point in Church history. 16th Century 4. After the reformation of the 16th century, both Catholics and Protestants integrated evangelism with colonization for expanding their ___________ ecclesiastical authority 5. Countries like _______, _______, ________, _______ and _______ were the pioneers of colonization. Portugal, Spain, France, Holland and Britain 6. Portugal and Spain led colonising other countries between ________ and ________ AD 1500 and AD 1800 7. Catholic evangelism mainly depended upon the rulers of Portugal and Spain as well as ___________ The Pope of Rome 8. The Catholic evangelism carried out with the help of the rulers of Spain and Portugal is called ___________ Pedro Ado Mission 9. The Catholic evangelism carried out directly by the Catholic Church is called ____________ Propaganda Mission 10. The 17th century was a period of self-preservation and institutionalization for the ___________ Church. Catholic 11. Protestant Evangelism focused mainly on the regions ____________ and the continents of _______________ Pacific islands; Asia and Africa 12. Catholic monastic orders who carried out Evangelism in India were ___________ Dominicans, Franciscans, Carmelites and Jesuits 13. Who are the stalwarts of Catholic evangelism? Francis Xavier, Robert de Nobili, Fr. Britto and Fr. Besky 14. Who are the main protestant missionaries? Bartholomaus Ziegenbalg, Heinrich Pluetshaw, William Carey, Thomas Norton, Benjamin Bailey, Joseph Fenn and Henry Baker 15. The early Church Fathers of Malankara realized their evangelical mission through _________ and __________ precepts and examples of model living. 16. An organized evangelical movement was begun in the Malankara Church only during the period of _______________ St. Gregorios of Parumala 17. The processes of evangelism initiated by St. Gregorios of Parumala gathered momentum through the missionary work of _______________ H. G. Pathrose Mar Osthathios 18. Who are the church fathers who gave leadership to these missionary activities of the Official Missionary Organ of the Church? H. G. Gheevarghese Mar Osthathios and Stephanos Mar Thevodosias 19. Who said this? "There are limits to faith. But love for God is limitless” Gheevarghese Mar Osthathios 1. What is meant by colonization? How is colonization connected with evangelism? Countries like Portugal, Spain, France, Holland and Britain were the pioneers of colonization. They reached other countries for trade and commerce. Gradually they wrested political control over these lands. This phenomenon is called colonization. 2. What are the features of Catholic evangelism? Catholic evangelism mainly depended upon the rulers of Portugal and Spain as well as the Pope of Rome. Pope allowed the rulers of these countries to evangelise the lands they conquered. The Catholic Church adopted two main ways of evangelism. 1. Pedro Ado Mission: This was evangelism carried out with the help of the rulers of Spain and Portugal. 2. Propaganda Mission: This form of evangelism was carried out directly by the Catholic Church. 3. Explain Pedro Ado and Propaganda Missions: - The Catholic Church adopted two main ways of evangelism. 1. Pedro Ado Mission: This was evangelism carried out with the help of the rulers of Spain and Portugal. 2. Propaganda Mission: This form of evangelism was carried out directly by the Catholic Church. 4. ‘Protestant evangelism was part of their struggle for survival and self-preservation.’ Explain Protestants were the reformists who left the Catholic church as part of the Reformation Movement in 16th Century. Since they were minority, they struggled for their existence and to stand alone themselves and prove their principles bases on Holy Bible alone. 5. Which were the methods of Protestant evangelism? Protestant Evangelism focused mainly on Pacific islands and the continents of Asia and Africa. Their missionary activities could make much head way because of the reformation carried out in the fields of education, health care and social upliftment as well as their focus on translating the Holy Bible into vernacular tongues. 6. How could Protestant missionary activities make much way ahead? Protestant missionary activities could make much head way because the reformation carried out in the fields of education, health care and social uplift as well as their focus on translating the Holy Bible into vernacular tongues 7. List the important Protestant missionary organizations. The important protestant missionary societies included the Baptist Missionary Society (BMS), London Missionary Society (LMS), Church Mission Society (CMS), British and Foreign Bible Society (BFBS), American Baptist Missionary Society (ABMS), Basel Mission (BM) and Presbyterian Foreign Mission Society (PFMS). 8. Who gave leadership to evangelism in India? Catholic Evangelism were led by Francis Xavier, Robert de Nobili, Fr. Britto and Fr. Besky. Protestant Evangelism were led by Bartholomaus Ziegenbalg, Heinrich Pluetshaw, William Carey, Thomas Norton, Benjamin Bailey, Joseph Fenn and Henry Baker. 9. Explain the evangelical activities of the Malankara Orthodox Church. Malankara Orthodox Church has from its earliest periods given significant contribution to evangelism in the Indian soil. The early Church Fathers of Malankara realised their mission through precepts and examples of model living. However, an organized evangelical movement was begun in the Malankara Church only during the period of St. Gregorios of Parumala. The processes of evangelism initiated by St. Gregorios of Parumala gathered momentum through the missionary work of H. G. Pathrose Mar Osthathios. Gradually the church established its official missionary organ which could bring the light of the gospels to various parts of India. Our Church Fathers like H. G. Gheevarghese Mar Osthathios and Stephanos Mar Thevodosias gave leadership to these missionary activities of the Church. 10. What are the consequences of evangelism? Evangelism caused great changes in the Christian world as well as in the social scenario. The consequences of evangelism are listed below. 1. The expansion of the Christian Church 2. Vernacular translations of the Holy Bible 3. Spread of Modern education 4. Developments in health care 5. Eradication of Social evils 6. Founding of charitable institutions Chapter 18 - Malankara Church from the 17th to the 19th centuries 1. Which period was the golden age for the Malankara Church? 17th century to 19th century 2. Which Oath liberated the Malankara Church from foreign domination? Koonan Cross Oath 3. When did Koonan Cross Oath take place? 1653 4. Who governed the church after the Koonan Cross Oath? Marthoma Metropolitans 5. How many Marthoma Metropolitans reigned in Malankara between AD 1653 and AD 1817? Nine 6. How many Poovarahan were collected by Marthoma VI? Where was it deposited with how much interest per annum? What was the interest called? 3000 Poovarahan, British East India Company, Vattipanam 7. Name the person who became the Malankara Metropolitan through a royal proclamation in 1815? Ittoop Ramban of Pulikottil. 8. Who begun the construction of the Orthodox Theological Seminary in 1813? Itoop Ramban of Pulikottil (Later Mar Dionysius II) 9. Who funded the construction of the Orthodox Theological Seminary? How much did they contribute? Rani Lakshmi Bhai donated 16 acres of tax-free land, Rs.20,000 and timber. Colonel Munroe granted half of the fine imposed on Hindu Brahmins for setting fire to Paliyekkara Church Thiruvalla. 10. When did the Orthodox Theological Seminary start function? Who helped in its functioning? 1815, CMS Missionaries and Colonel Munroe 11. Why did relationship between Malankara Church and CMS Missionaries strain over time? The Malankara Church did not accept the Reformist ideas of the CMS missionaries. 12. When and why did the Anglican bishop of Calcutta, Bishop Wilson, come to Malankara? In 1835, with six-point suggestions 13. When and why did Mar Dionysius IV (Mar Dionysius of Cheppad) convene the Assembly of Church Representatives? 16th January’ 1836, to deliberate and decide over Bishop Wilson’s six-point suggestions. 14. What is Mavelikkara Padiyola? Inscription of the decisions taken at the assembly convened by Mar Dionysius IV at Puthiyakavu Church, Mavelikkara. 15. When was the Synod of Mulanthuruthy convened? 1876 16. Who led people to accept Bishop Wilson’s ideas? Abraham Malpan of Palakkunnattu, Maramon 17. Who went to Antioch and got consecrated as Mar Athanasius? Deacon Mathews 18. Why did Abraham Malpan ask Deacon Mathews to go to Antioch and get consecrated? To overcome the opposition of the Malankara Church for his activities. 19. When did Mar Athanasius return to Malankara? 1843 20. Who abdicated the throne for Mar Athanasius? Mar Dionysius IV 21. Who was sent to Antioch by the followers of the Malankara Church to be consecrated as Metropolitan in 1865? Father Joseph Pulikkottil 22. When did Mar Dionysius return to Malankara? 1866 23. When did Patriarch Peter III arrive in Malankara? 1876 24. How long did the Synod of Mulanthuruthy last? Three days 25. Synod of Mulanthuruthy was convened by _______________ Peter Patriarch III 26. Who divided the Malankara Church into seven dioceses? Patriarch Peter III 27. What were the seven dioceses formed by Patriarch Peter III and who were the newly consecrated metropolitans? Kottayam, Thumpamon, Angamaly, Niranam, Kandanad, Kochi and Kollam Paulose Mar Athanasius, Gheevarghese Mar Yulios, Gheevarghese Mar Coorilos, Gheevarghese Mar Gregorios (St. Gregorios of Parumala), Paulose Mar Ivanios and Shemavoon Mar Dionysius. 28. Name the 7 Dioceses and 6 Metropolitans consecrated by the Peter Patriarch III in 1876. 1. Kottayam - Kadavil Paulose Mar Athanasius. 2. Kollam - Pulikottil Mar Dionysious V (already existing metropolitan) 3. Kochi – Karavattuveettil Shemavoon Mar Dionysios 4. Kandanad – Murimattam Paulose Mar Ivanios (who later became 1st Catholicos in 1912) 5. Angamaly – Ambattu Gheevarghese Mar Coorilos 6. Thumpaman – Konattu Gheevarghese Mar Yulios 7. Niranam - Gheevarghese Mar Gregorios (St.Gregorios of Parumala) 29. When was the Royal Court Verdict passed? 1889 30. When did Mar Dionysius file a case in the District Court? What was it called as? 1879, It was called the Seminary Case. 31. Who gave leadership to Malankara Church after the Koonan Cross Oath? Archdecon Thomas 32. Who said, “We cannot claim that all the great things that happened in our Church are the products of our intellectual vigour and administrative skill”. Paulose Mar Gregorios 33. Explain ‘Vattippanam.’ About 3000 Poovarahan (Golden or star pagodas) equivalent to 10500 rupees collected by Marthoma VI was deposited by his successor Marthoma VII in the British East India Company at a rate of 8 percent interest per annum. This fixed deposit was known as ‘Vattippanam.’ The annual interest acquired from this fixed deposit was meant to be spend on social welfare projects of the Church. 34. What is Mavelikkara Padiyola? Malankara Church had a cordial relationship with CMS missionaries during the initial phase. But later these missionaries tried to impose Reformist ideas in the liturgical tradition of the Malankara Church and consequently the relationship became strained. In 1835 the Anglican bishop of Calcutta, Bishop Wilson came over to Malankara with his six-point suggestions. To deliberate and decide over these suggestions, Mar Dionysius IV (Mar Dionysius of Cheppad) convened an assembly of Church representatives at Puthiyakavu Church Mavelikkara on 16th January’1836. This assembly decided to reject the suggestions of Bishop Wilson and remain steadfast in the Syrian traditions they had been following. The inscription of the decisions taken at this assembly is known as ‘Mavelikkara Padiyola.’ 35. Summarise the Royal Court Verdict. Even though the Synod of Mulanthuruthy rejected the appointment of Mar Athanasius as Metropolitan of Malankara, the rulers of the state asked the Church leaders to legitimize their decision through a court of law. Subsequently Mar Dionysius filed a case in the district court in 1879 and it came to be known as the ‘Seminary case.’ A final verdict in this case came from the Royal court in 1889. Through this Royal Court verdict, Mar Dionysius affirmed his position as Metropolitan of Malankara. Besides, the verdict unequivocally declared that the Patriarch had only spiritual authority in Malankara Chapter 19 History of the Catholicate 1. Where is the headquarters of Malankara Church? Devalokam, Kottayam (Catholicate Palace) 2. Head of the Malankara church H. H. The Catholicos (Catholica Bava) 3. Who reigned upon the throne of St. Thomas? The Catholicos 4. Who is the present Bava Thirumeni (the current Catholicos of Malankara Orthodox Church)? His Holiness Moran Mar Baselius Marthoma Mathews III (His Holiness Moran Mar Baselius Marthoma Mathews III is the 9th Catholicos and 21st Malankara Metropolitan of the church) 5. Which Christ's disciples’ tradition and heritage do we follow - St. Thomas 6. The authority and heritage of St. Thomas is inherited from the earliest times is considered as the throne of St. Thomas. 7. Who were the administrators of Malankara Church during various periods of history? The administrators of Malankara Orthodox Church during various periods of history:- Veda thalavan (Head of Scriptures), Jaathikku Karthavyan (Head of Caste), Arch Deacons, Marthoma Metropolitans, Malankara Metropolitans and Catholicos 8. Veda thalavan means: Head of Scriptures 9. Jaathiku karthavyan refers to: Head of Caste 10. Designation "Catholicos" means: Administrator 11. The designation 'Catholicos' is given to the heads of churches outside the Roman empire. 12. The title 'Catholicos' was first used by the Metropolitan of Seleucia - Ctesiphon in the Persian Empire. 13. The Persian council held in AD 410, AD 420 and AD 424 determines the right and authority of the Catholicos. 14. The title 'Catholicos' was first time used by Malankara in 1912. 15. The Catholicate was founded in Malankara on 15 September 1912. 16. Patriarch Abded Messiah consecrated Paulose Mar Ivanios Murimattathil as Catholicos. 17. Paulose Mar Ivanios Murimattathil Catholicos was titled 'Mar Baselius Paulose’ at Niranam Church. 18. Mar Dionysius VI passed away in 1934. 19. The first Catholicos to hold both the positions of Metropolitan and Catholicos was the third Catholicos Moran Mar Baselius Gheevarghese II. (after Mar Dionysius VI passed away in 1934) 20. Mar Baselius Gheevarghese II was the third Catholicos. 21. Malankara Church drafted and adopted its first constitution in 1934. 22. Golden lamp in our church history - The Catholicate of Malankara Short Answer Questions 1. What is the official name of our church? Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church 2. What is the full name of the supreme head of our church? His Holiness Moron Mar Baselius Marthoma Mathews III 3. Where is the headquarters of our church? Devalokam, Kottayam, Kerala. 4. What is considered as the throne of Saint Thomas? Our church was founded by St. Thomas the disciple of Jesus Christ in AD 52. We claim the heritage and tradition of St.Thomas. The Heritage and authority of St.Thomas inherited from the earliest times is considered as the throne of St. Thomas. 5. What is the meaning of the word Catholicos? Administrator 6. Who used the title of Catholicos for the first time? The title of Catholicos was first used by the Metropolitan of Seleucia-Ctesiphon in Persian empire. 7. Which council decided the rights and authority of Catholicos? The Persian councils held in AD 410, 420 and 424 determined the right and authority of the Catholicos. 8. Since when did Malankara church start to use the title Catholicos? The title Catholicos was used for the first time In Malankara in 1912 with the founding of Catholicate. 9. What was the immediate reason for the re-establishment of Catholicate in Malankara? The immediate cause of founding independent Catholicate in Malankara was the prohibition issued against the Metropolitan of Malankara Mar Dionysius VI (Vattacheril Thirumeni) 10. Who was the chief celebrant of the establishment of Catholicos enthronement in Malankara? Patriarch Abded Messiah 11. What was the position of Patriarch Abded Messiah at that time? H.H was a Patriarch but politically ousted from authority because the Sultan of Turkey had withdrawn his consent for him. 12. Who was the first Catholicos? Paulose Mar Ivanious of Murimattathil 13. What event led to the authority of Malankara Metropolitan and Catholicos being merged? The demise of Vattacheril Mar Dionysius VI 14. Who was the first Catholicos held both titles together? Third Catholicos Mar Baselious Gheevarghese II 15. Write a brief note on the administrative post of Malankara church in various Periods of history. The Catholicate in the Malankara church is the result of the indigenous growth and development of the native positions. The administration of the church had been done for various periods of history by Veda thalavan (Head of scriptures) Jathikku Karthaviyan (Head of Caste) Arch Deacons, Marthoma Metropolitans, Malankara Metropolitans and the Catholicos. 16. What are the benefits earned by Malankara church from its constitution? Our church had no written constitution until 1934. It was governed by consensus, traditions, and precedents. In 1934, Malankara Church drafted and adopted its constitution. It declared unequivocally that the Catholicos was the spiritual and material head of the Malankara Church. The constitution upholds the autonomy and the autocephaly of the Malankara Orthodox Church. Chapter 20 Maniso (Anthem) of Mar Severios 1. My soul magnifies the Lord. And my ___________has rejoiced in God my Saviour”. (St. Luke 1:46, 47) My Spirit 2. The hymn sung at the beginning of the public celebration of the Holy Eucharist? By Thy Mother’s earnest Prayers 3. Who wrote ‘By Thy Mothers earnest Prayers’. Mar Severios 4. Which is the solemn hymn we commemorate Mother of God, Saints, Christ’s Birth, Passion and Crucifixion? By Thy Mother’s earnst Prayers 5. Meaning of the word Maniso? Praise 6. Which Bible portion speaks about three types of songs in worship? Ephesians 5:19-20 7. What are the three types of songs in the worship? Psalms, Hymns and Spiritual songs 8. Who mentioned Three types of songs used in worship in the Bible St. Paul 9. What type of song is “By Thy Mother’s earnst Prayers? Hymns 10. Where was Mar Severios Born? In the city of Sozopolis of Pisidia in AD 465 11. Where was Mar Severios trained in language and oratory? Alexandria 12. Where did Mar Severios become well versed in Roman law? Beirut 13. Where did Mar Severios come to know about the Cappadocian Fathers and became a Christian? Beirut 14. Who expounded and defended the belief in One Nature of Christ and staunchly opposed Two Nature theorists? Mar Severios 15. In which year was Mar Severios consecrated the Patriarch of Antioch. AD 512 16. When did Mar Severios passed away? AD 538 17. How is Mar Severios described in the Fifth Diptych? “The crown of the Syrians, the eloquent mouth, the pillar and the doctor of the Holy Church of God as a whole, the meadow abounding in blossom, who preached all the time that Mary was undoubtedly the God-bearer.” 18. Which is the first instance of proclaiming our creed during the public celebration of the Holy Eucharist? At the beginning of the public celebration of Holy Eucharist reciting the hymn “By Thy Mother’s earnest Prayers” 19.Who preached among the heretics, all the time, that Mary was undoubtedly the God-bearer? Mar Severios 1. Explain the ‘ Maniso of Mar Severios.’ The Syriac word ‘Maniso’ means ‘praise’- praises used in our worship are composed from praises in the Holy Bible and are used in the liturgy of the Early Church. St. Paul in his Epistle to Ephesians (5:19-20) that says, “Speaking to one another in psalms and hymns and spiritual songs, singing and making melody in your heart to the Lord.” The Public celebration of our Holy Eucharist begins with a solemn procession around the altar. During the procession, the congregation sings the anthem composed by Patriarch Mar Severios of Antioch (A.D. 518). Maniso of Mar Severios comes under the second category, hymn. This entrance hymn is a beautiful summary of the doctrine of Christ. They are occasions to declare the Creed of the church. Mar Severios sings about the mystery of Incarnation of Jesus Christ, as well as the events from His Crucifixion to Resurrection. It is the proclamation of the creed of the church along with being a hymn to God, which is a confession of our faith in Holy Trinity, the church, one baptism, the kingdom of God, the resurrection of Christ, Theotokos - Mary as God bearer. 2. Explain the importance of Mar Severios of Antioch among our Church Fathers. Great thinker, philosopher, theologian, and poet and one of the great fathers of the Oriental Churches. He was Patriarch of Antioch. The founder of Octoechos in Syriac music. He is described in the Fifth Diptych as “the crown of the Syrians, the eloquent mouth, the pillar and the doctor of the Holy church of God as a whole, the meadow abounding in blossom, who preached all the time that Mary was undoubtedly the God-bearer.” Mar Severios was born in Sozopolis in Pisidia in 465 AD. He came from a wealthy family and he was trained in Greek and Latin language and oratory at Alexandria. He got well versed in Roman law at Beirut, where he came under the influence of a group of Christian students came to know about Cappadocian Fathers and at some time in this period he was baptised. After his baptism his outlook became increasingly ascetical, and he spent much of his time in Church. Finally, after he had qualified as a lawyer, he decided to become a monk in Jerusalem. He shared his property among his brothers, gave his share to the poor and devoted himself to the monastic life near the town of Maiuma. He was consecrated as the Patriarch of Antioch in AD 512. Severios continued his ascetic manner of life even as Patriarch. He not only sang about the Incarnated Christ but also testified Christ through his life. 3. Describe the significance of the hymn ‘By Thy mother’s earnest Prayer’s’ in the life of a believer. The hymn sung at the beginning of the public celebration of the Holy Eucharist is our reassurance and commemoration of the salvific work of the incarnated Lord Jesus Christ. Like the angels, shepherds and the wisemen who bowed to Jesus when he was born, we too bow before the Lord at the beginning of the Holy Eucharist. This is ritually indicated through the priest encircling the altar and censing the altar and the people. This Anthem and the Nicene - Constantinople Creed are the sum and substance of the doctrine of faith regarding Jesus Christ’s position in Holy Trinity and heresies against the mother of God, sanctified at the time of Annunciation. When Mar Severios faced a difficult problem, he searched for light in the Holy Bible or turned to the resolutions of councils for assistance. He followed the faith received from tradition as it is and passed it on to his generation, in spite of persecutions. The Maniso begin with a verse from the Holy Bible and continue with an elegant style which inspires awe and the love of God. 4. List the creeds in the Maniso of Mar Severios. Creed is a collection of the most important doctrinal truths taken from the Bible. The creed is the confession of our faith in the Holy Trinity, the Church, one Baptism, the Kingdom of God, and the final resurrection. The creed in the Maniso of Mar Severios are: The only begotten Son/the word of the heavenly Father/who art immortal in Nature (1Timothy 6:16) His only Son our Lord (Mathew 1:16) Who was conceived by the Holy Spirit, born of the virgin Mary. (Luke 1:35/John 1:14/Mathew 1: 21-22) Who became man (Philippians 2:6-8) Suffered (Mark 15:15), was crucified (Mark 15:25) Dead and buried (Mark 15:44-46) Trampled our death (Revelation 5:9) 5. Compare this hymn with the second paragraph of the Nicean Creed. Similarities of Maniso with the Nicean creed Differences between Maniso & Nicean creed Jesus Christ is incarnated for the In the Maniso of Mar Severios, only salvation of the entire mankind out the events from the Birth till the of his tender mercy is referred in both. Resurrection of Jesus Christ are Birth of Jesus Christ was mentioned. On the other hand, the according to the will of God the Nicean creed states about Christ¡¦s Father and by the infilling of the Ascension, the state of Him being Holy Spirit. seated on the right hand side of the Both explains how Son of God is Father and His second coming. related to the Father and the Holy „Ï In the Maniso, more reference about Spirit. St. Mary, as Mother of God and one Crucifixion is the most important who intercedes for us along with the salvific event by Jesus for saving saints is given. the mankind from their sins. „Ï In the Nicean creed, the role of Son of God in the process of creation is specified. 6. Identify the similarities between the theme of this hymn and the Pauline ideas listed in the Epistle to the Philippians. The teaching in the hymn regarding the incarnation of Jesus Christ, “Who being in the very nature God did not consider equality with God something to be grasped, but made himself nothing, taking the very nature of a servant, being made in human likeness. And he humbled himself and become obedient to death - even death on a cross!” (Philippians 2:5-11). This implies He incarnated for the salvation of the entire mankind out of his tender Mercy and Humility. Even though Jesus Christ took human form from St. Mary who is “glorious, chaste and pure”, His True Nature remained unaltered. In the letters to Philippians, no further reference to St. Mary is given. The verses describe both the human and divine element in our faith. It urges that in humility we should consider others better than ourselves, our attitude should be same that in humility we should consider others better than ourselves, our attitude should be same as that of Jesus Christ. St. Paul states that at the name of Jesus, who got crucified and resurrected “every knee should bow, of those in heaven and of those on earth and of those under the earth”. Therefore, due to the humility, God exalted Jesus to the highest place and gave him the name that is above every name. 7. Write short notes on: Mar Severios and the Council of Chalcedon. He grew up in the confused environment of the Church produced by Chalcedon (A.D. 451) and exacerbated by imperial persecution of those who rejected the decisions of that council, declared “A single person in two natures”. There arose a dispute regarding the unity of Christ’s Nature. Mar Severios defended the belief in One Nature of Christ and staunchly opposed the Two nature theorists, right from the first speech on assuming the throne when he was consecrated as the Patriarch of Antioch in A.D. 512. He extolled the creed of the Great Councils of Nicea (AD 325), Constantinople (AD 381), Ephesus (AD 431) and rejected the heretics of the council of Chalcedon. In those days the non-Chalcedonians were persecuted, and Mar Severios suffered a lot and had to flee to Egypt. While in Egypt, moving from monastery to monastery, avoiding his enemies, he wrote some of his most important works and corresponded widely and continuously. He teaches that the one nature of God, the Word incarnate should be understood as allowing the two natures to continue to exist in the union of natures and to continue to preserve their distinctions and characteristics. When he faced a difficult problem, he searched for light in the Holy Bible or turned to the resolutions of councils for assistance. In 535, he went to Constantinople in answer to the invitation of Justinian I, in pursuit of unity. At the capital, he won Anthimus, patriarch of Constantinople, to his side, but the gap between the two parties remained wide. Then he returned to Egypt where he died in AD 538. 8. What are the Christological teachings of the Oriental orthodox churches (who accepts the 3 ecumenical councils: American/Coptic/Syrian/Indian/The Ethiopian orthodox churches)? In Christ there are two persons: Godhead and Manhood. These two persons are mysteriously united in Christ at His birth in the womb of virgin Mary. He has only one Nature. His life is consubstantial (of the same substance or essence) as that of the Father and of the Holy Spirit. So, His life is inseparable from that of Holy Trinity. Chapter 21 The ministration of Fraction, Consignation and Commixtion 1. For my flesh is food indeed and my blood is drink indeed. He who eats My flesh and drinks My blood ------------------------” abides in Me and I in him. 2. Generally, which hymns we recited when chancel is veiled after the diptychs are read on normal days of the Holy Eucharist? Hearken, gracious Lord, we pray/Seraphim of fiery line. 3. What is the secret ministration performed in the veiled Holy of Holies when we sing "Hearken Gracious" song is known as? The ministration of Fraction, Consignation and Commixtion. 4. Our Holy Eucharist is often divided into four parts based on what facts? Jesus Christ who founded the Holy Eucharist took bread, blessed, broke, and gave it to his disciples on that occasion and our Holy Eucharist is often divided into four parts based on these four acts of Jesus Christ. 5. The second Benediction is given in the name of _________Lord Jesus Christ 6. The first and third benedictions are given in the name of ______Holy Trinity 7. State the second benediction: - “May the grace of Jesus Christ, the exalted God and our saviour be upon you, my brethren, forever.” 8. The hymn recited after the veiling of the chancel is known as ______The Catholic Hymn 9. What does the term 'Catholic hymn' mean? A general prayer 10. The Syriac version of this hymn Hearken Gracious Lord We pray”. ‘Bithar’vo Deelok Hanono.’ 11. What do we meditate when we sing "Hearken Gracious" hymn? It begs mercy from our Lord when the Holy Eucharist which indicates the flesh of Jesus Christ is fractioned. It is the moment when we beg mercy from our Lord Jesus Christ who was crucified for our sake. 12. The hymn ‘Seraphim of fiery line’ is composed in the background of the heavenly vision mentioned in which book? This hymn is composed in the background of the heavenly vision of prophet Isaiah, described in chapter six of Book of Isaiah (Isaiah 6:1-8). 13. Why do the priests often insist that no one should go out of the church or engage in other activities on this occasion of singing "Seraphim of fiery line" - It is a heavenly moment in which we realize that the choirs of angels are worshipping our saviour, Lord Jesus Christ. 14. The priest recites a prayer written by the Church Father _______________ during the ministration of fraction. Bar Sleeby (Bar Salibi) 1. What are the four acts pronounced by Lord Jesus Christ when He founded the Holy Eucharist? How do we categorise our Holy Eucharist into various parts according to these four acts? Jesus Christ, who instituted the Holy Eucharist, on that occasion, took bread, blessed, broke and gave it to his disciples. Based on these four acts of Jesus Christ, our Holy Eucharist is divided into four parts. 2. What is the special feature of the second Benediction given during the Holy Eucharist? The second Benediction is given in the name of Lord Jesus Christ. It says, “May the grace of Jesus Christ, the exalted God and our Saviour be upon you, my brethren, forever.” 3. Which benediction given in the Holy Bible is equivalent to this second benediction? The second Benediction is similar to the benedictions given by St. Paul in 1 Corinthians 16:23 and Galatians 6:18. 4. What does the word Catholic Hymn means? General Prayer (Universal Prayer) 5. What is the biblical basis of the hymn ‘Seraphim of fiery line……….’ This hymn is composed in the background of the heavenly vision of prophet Isaiah, described in chapter six of Book of Isaiah (Isaiah 6:1-8). 6. List the three events happening during the ministration of fraction. This ministration is called the ‘ministration of fraction’ because the priest breaks the Holy Bread kept in the Paten. Three events happen during this ministration. a. Fraction of the bread. b. Consignation of the holy bread with the blood of Christ in the Chalice. c. Commixtion of the body and blood of Christ 7. “The secret prayer recited by the priest during the ministration of fraction is yet another declaration of the creed of the Church? Substantiate. The ministration of fraction is done secretly. The priest recites a prayer written by the Church Father Bar Sleeby on this occasion. It is not just a prayer, but another declaration of the creed of the Church. The priest confesses the following through the recital of this prayer. a. Through the crucifixion of Jesus Christ, God the word was wounded and sacrificed for the sake of man’s salvation. b. Because of the death on the cross, Jesus Christ did not lose God’s Essence from either his body or his soul. c. Jesus Christ died on the cross for the remission of sins of the entire creation. Through crucifixion, we sinners (people inclined to the left) are transformed into a clean lot (people inclined to the Right). d. Through crucifixion, Jesus Christ reconciled heaven and earth. Thereafter He resurrected on the third day. The offering of Christ on the cross was a divine ministration for the reconciliation between heavenly hosts mankind, Jews, and gentiles. This prayer secretly recited by the priest ends with the statement. “We believe in and confess what we have said. We affirm what we have said.” 8. What are the features of the litanies recited at the end of this ministration? Litanies are the supplications recited by the deacon following the Catholic hymn. These prayers are composed in such a manner that we beseech for kindness from Lord Jesus Christ who became an offering on the cross for the entire world. 9. Prayer before Receiving the Holy Communion Make us worthy O Lord God, to receive Thy Holy body and drink thy propitiating Blood that we may inherit, Thy heavenly kingdom with all those who have pleased, Thy good will, our Lord, and our God for ever. Amen. Chapter 22 The Holy Trinity 1. All our prayer and sacraments begin with the praise of......................... a) Jesus Christ b) Holy Cross c) Holy Trinity 2. Meaning of the Syriac term ' Subaho Labo aburo Val Ruho Kadeeso' a) Thanks be to God in the Highest b) Glory be to the Father, Son and the Holy Spirit c) Praise to Almighty 3. The first benediction of the Holy Eucharist is found in which Epistle? a) 2 Corinthians b) 2 Colossians c) 1 Timothy 4. Word used in Syriac and Hebrew for breath is............. a) Mooron b) Kadeeso c) Rooho 5. What are the two things that bring us, children of God, in communion with God? a) Holy Baptism and Holy Confession b) Holy Baptism and Holy Communion c) Holy Confession and Holy Communion 6. The prayer of the Holy Communion ends with............ a) Praise to God b) Benediction in the name of Holy Trinity c) Psalms 7. Where and when did Jesus Christ begin His public ministry? a) On a Sabbath day at synagogue of Nazareth b) On a Sabbath day near the sea of Galilee c) On a Sabbath day near Mount Olive 8. The Father's manifestation in the New Testament is only through............ a) His right hand b) His Glory c) Sound 9. Believers who are joined in Christ through the sacrament of Baptism and who live in Christ through the Holy Communion come near to the Triune God. This is called................ a) Communion b) Christianity c) Sacrament 10. The Holy Spirit appeared in the form of................... on the day of Pentecost a) Clouds b) Dove c) Tongues of fire 11. New Testament writers taught about the Holy Trinity according to the............. received by them. a) Divine revelations b) Teachings c) Prophesies 12. The word of the Lord indicates............. a) The son b) Hope c) Love 1. What is meant by Triune God? Triune God is One God and Three Persons at the same time. Triune God consists of God the Father, God the Son, and God the Holy Spirit and all these persons are completely God. 2. Explain Holy Trinity? Holy Trinity is a group of three persons - God the Father, Jesus Christ the Son and the Holy Spirit - as one God in three divine persons. They have one essence, one kingship, one nature, one thinking, one power, one glory and one leadership. Trinity: the unity of Father, Son, and Holy Spirit as three persons in one Godhead. We believe in the fact that three distinct persons come in Unity. Triunity is a state of being three in one. 3. List the liturgical hymns that commemorate the Holy Trinity. a. By Thy Mother’s earnest prayers……. Thou art One of persons three, Holy Trinity, Worshipped equal-praised the same, With the Father, and the Holy Ghost, Have Thou mercy-on-us all. (Malayalam: Nin Maathavu Vishuddhanmaar………) b. May departed ones receive - Who confessed the Trinity - What was promised to the thief - Paradise with Thee, O Lord (Malayalam: Maramathinuyire Karthave ………) c. Praise we the Father - He, (Mor Thoma), chose thee; And praise the Son, who gave thee honored mem’ry Praise we the Holy Spirit, who didst crown thee; Let mercy be ours always by thy pleading. Moriyo Rahemelain........ (Malayalam: Ninne varichoru thathannum Mor …….) 4. What is the significance of the Holy Trinity in the Holy Eucharist? We confess our belief in the Holy Trinity in all our prayers and sacraments begin with praise of the Holy Trinity. “In the name of the Father, and of the son and of the Holy Spirit, one true God.” We recite ‘Shubaho Labo Labro Valo Rooho Kadeesho’, the Syriac version of “Glory be to the Father, Son and Holy Ghost” amidst our Canonical prayers and hymns recited during the sacraments. This is also a praise of the Holy Trinity. During the Holy Eucharist, the Holy Mysteries are elevated and celebrated with the pronouncement “Holy mysteries, for the Holy and the undefiled.” Following this, the declaration that “One Holy Father, One Holy Son and One living Holy Spirit” are ‘With us’ is made. These prayers indicate that during the Holy Eucharist and other prayers we are assembled in the presence of the Holy Trinity, and we submit our prayers to the Holy Trinity. 5. Quote the biblical basis of the Holy Trinity from the Old Testament. The Bible refers to a God who believes to be one and worshipped as Trinity since the beginning of the creation of the world. Since the belief in Trinity has been developed in the New Testament period and after the Holy Synods, it has not mentioned widely about Trinity in Old Testament but following are some of the indications or shadows about Trinity in Old Testament. During the creation, God the Father said, ‘let everything will be made’, the word of God is the Son and the spirit of God hovered over the waters is the Holy Spirit. a) Before the creation of Adam, the three persons of the Holy Trinity spoke among themselves. “Then God said, “Let us make a man - someone like ourselves” (Genesis 1:26) “So, God created man in his own image, in the image of God created he him; male and female created he them.” (Genesis 1:27) In the first verse plural form (us, ourselves) and in the second verse singular form (his) is used to designate God. These verses indicate that God is three in one and one in three at the same time. b) Isaiah 61:1 says, “The spirit of the Lord God is upon me, because the Lord has anointed me to bring goodness to the suffering and the afflicted.” In St. Luke 4:16-19 there we can see Jesus Christ began his public ministry by reading this prophetic passage on Sabbath day at the synagogue of Nazareth (St. Luke 4:16-19) 6. List the instances where the Holy Trinity is referred to in the New Testament. The following are some of the instances in the New Testament where the Holy Trinity was revealed. a) The first manifestation of the Holy Trinity is in the baptism of Jesus Christ. When Jesus Christ was baptized in River Jordan, St. John witnessed that “the heaven was opened. The Holy Spirit descended in bodily form like a dove upon Him and a voice came from heaven which said, “You are my beloved Son; in You I am well pleased” (St. Matthew 3:16-17). In Jordan River the Son in human form, the Holy Spirit in the form of a dove and the Father with His voice were present. b) We can see the presence of the Holy Trinity on Mount Tabore, there God the Father revealed Himself and witnessed the Son during the transfiguration of Jesus Christ, (St. Mark 9:2-10) c) In Acts Chapter 2 verses 1 to 4, there the Holy Spirit manifested himself in the form of tongues of fire on the day of Pentecost. d) In 2 Corinthians Chapter 13 verses 14, St. Paul also concludes his second epistle to the Corinthians with this benediction in the name of the Holy Trinity. (The grace of the Lord Jesus Christ, and the love of God, and the communion of the Holy Ghost, be with you all. Amen.) 7. Describe the concept of the word ‘Communion.’ The sharing or exchanging of intimate thoughts and feelings, especially on a mental or spiritual level among more than one individual is called communion. The Triune God is a ‘Community.’ The believers who are joined with Christ through the sacrament of baptism and who live in Christ through the Holy Communion come near to this ‘community’ is known as Communion. The word Communion indicates our life with the Holy Trinity and the communion with the Holy Trinity is possible only through prayer. 8. The position of the Holy Trinity in our Church life. We confess our faith in the Holy Trinity in all our prayers. The sacraments and all our canonical prayers begin and ends with praise of the Holy Trinity. Holy Eucharist starts with reciting the Maniso of Mar Severios where the church is the adoring the Holy Trinity. During the Holy Eucharist the Priest gives the first benediction in the name of the Holy Trinity - “May the love of God the Father, the grace of the Only Begotten Son and the Communion of the Holy Spirit be with you all.” Again, we can see in the Holy Qurbana that the Holy Mysteries are elevated and exalted with a declaration that “One Holy Father, One Holy Son and One living Holy Spirit” are ‘With us. These prayers indicate that during the Holy Eucharist and other prayers we are assembled in the presence of the Holy Trinity, and we submit our prayers to the Holy Trinity. In all our Sacraments and Canonical prayers, we recite ‘Shubaho Labo Labro Valo Rooho Kadeesho……...’. This is the Syriac version of “Glory be to the Father, Son and Holy Ghost” and this is also a praise to the Holy Trinity. The Nicene creed is also a declaration that affirms our faith in Father, Son and the Holy spirt. Chapter 23 Priesthood in Christianity 1) Various positions of the Priesthood held in the Churches. a) Bishops, Metropolitan, Priests b) Metropolitan, Priests, Kashisha c) Bishops (Metropolitan), Priests (Kashisha) and Deacons d) Bishops, Priests, Kashisha 2) The basis of Christian Priesthood a) Priesthood of Lord Jesus Christ b) Priesthood of Disciples c) Priesthood of Prophets d) Priesthood of Angels 3. Jesus became the High priest forever according to the order of _______________ a) Abraham b) Melchizedek c) Moses d) Isaiah 4. In which part of the Bible describes Jesus Christ as “High Priest forever according to the order of Melchizedek”. a) Epistle to Hebrews b) St. Mathew c) Psalms d) Genesis 5. Christ’s Crucifixion at Calvary was an offering made by Jesus Christ in his capacity as a ________ a) Preacher b) Lord c) Disciple d) Priest 6. What is the epithet to indicate that every citizen of the land of Israel must fulfil the priestly mission? a) Kingdom of Israel b) Kingdom of Heaven c) Kingdom of Priests d) None of the above 7. Even though Israel as a whole was called a priestly nation, whom did God selected to lead the people in worship and to make offerings. a) Moses and his sons b) Levites and from them Aaron and his sons c) Aaron and Joshua d) Prophet Samuel and his sons 8. In the New Testament, the _________________ is described as the New Israel. a) Christian Church b) Priests c) Disciples d) Metropolitans 9. Who saw Jesus Christ as the High Priest in His Revelation? a) St. Peter b) St. Jude c) St. John d) St. James 10. The garment down to the feet and the embroidered belt were part of the vestments of the __________________ a) Old Testament Priests b) New Testament Priests c) Kings of Israel d) Queens of Egypt 11.What would have been done by the Old Testament priests for the remission of sins of people? a) Penance b) Confession c) Indulgence d) Offerings 12. To whom did Jesus Christ gave authority to absolve sins? a) To His disciples b) To Mother Mary c) To Prophets d) To Israelites 13. The founding of the ____________ was the founding of New Testament. a) Holy Eucharist b) Church c) Baptism d) The Bible 14. Who was chosen to be the apostle in place of Judas Iscariot? a) Paul b) Barnabas c) Matthias d) Barnabas 15.The selection of new candidates and making them partners in the priestly ministry of Jesus is known as a) ordination b) baptism c) conferment d) appointment 16. After the selection of Mathias, the church selected, ___________ men of good reputation, full of the Holy Spirit and wisdom. a) two b) twelve c) seven d) six 17. Who laid hands to the seven men selected after Mathias? a) Apostles b) Paul c) Barnabas d) Jacob 18. Who was ordained first by apostles? a) Seven Kashishas b) Seven Deacons c) Seven Bishops d) seven shepherds 19. Ordination is also known as _______________ from apostolic times. a) laying on of hands b) appointment c) conferment d) blessing 20. Whom did the church of ministers of Antioch laid hands on during their first missionary journey. a) St. Peter and St. John b) St. Peter and St. Paul c) St. Paul and St. James d) St. Paul and Barnabas 21. The elders or presbyters ordained were called _________ in Greek and ________ in Syriac. a) Presbyteros, Kashisha b) Episkopos, Patriarch c) Diakonos, Mshamshono d) Presbyteros, Patriarch 22. Lord Jesus Christ founded ________________ to sustain the unity and faith of the church. a) Church b) Eucharist c) Christian Priesthood d) Baptism 23. What the bishops are called in Greek. a) Episopos (episkopos) b) Mshamshono c) Diakonos d) Kashisha 1. What were the differences in the concept of a priest during the Old Testament period? The Old Testament priests used to make offerings for the remission of sins of the people but in New Testament Jesus Christ gave His disciples the gift to absolve sins. 2. What are the features of the priesthood of Jesus Christ? Jesus Christ is the High priest forever according to the order of Melchizedek. Jesus Christ made His disciples partners in His mission and authority, and He entrusted the ministry He had been doing with them. Jesus Christ gave His disciples authority to absolve sins. Christian priesthood was found by Jesus Christ to sustain the unity and faith of the Church. 3. What is the relevance of a separate priesthood in the ministering of sacraments if the Church as a whole is a ‘Kingdom of Priests’? In the Old Testament, Israel as a whole was called a ‘priestly nation’ and God entrusted with each Jew the responsibility to preach the love and mercy of God to all people and pray for their sake. But God selected the Levites from them to lead the people in worship and to make offerings. In the New Testament also the Christian Church has got the position of ‘Kingdom of Priests’. Even though each Christian is called to preach the love and mercy of God to the world and pray for the whole world, Lord Jesus Christ founded Christian priesthood to lead the Church, lead in worship of God and perform the Holy Sacraments, as God had done in Old Israel. 4. When did Christ ordain His disciples as priests? During the Last Supper, Jesus Christ who is the True High Priest founded the New Covenant or the New Testament and instructed the disciples to continue His priestly ministry through the commandment, “Do this in remembrance of Me”. 5. Describe briefly the instances of ordination ministered by the apostles? Just as Christ conjoined the disciples in His ministry, the disciples also selected other to their priestly ministry. They first selected Mathias as apostle in place of Judas Iscariot. After the selection of Mathias, the Church selected “seven men of good reputation, full of the Holy Spirit and wisdom” and the apostles ordained them deacons by laying on of hands on the head. 6. What are the three hierarchical positions of Christian priesthood? The three hierarchical positions of Christian priesthood are Bishops (Metropolitans), Priests (Kashishas) and Deacons (Mshamshono). Chapter 24 The Vision of End of Ages(Eschatology) 1. The thoughts related to the Last judgement and Eternal Life? a) The vision of End of ages b) End of the world c) Apocalypse d) None of the above 2. What is the intent of Nicene Creed? a) Remember God, Son & Holy Spirit b) Prayer to Holy Trinity c) Do prayer and fasting in remembrance of Nicene Creed d) Confess our faith in the Triune God 3. What are the fundamental dogmas of the church? a) Confession of our faith in the holy church b) One baptism c) Eternal life in the world to come d) All of the above 4. What is the importance of End of Ages? a) Crucifixion of Jesus Christ b) Resurrection of Jesus Christ c) Second coming of Jesus Christ d) None of the above 5. “This same Jesus, who was taken up from you into heaven, will so come in like manner as you saw him go into heaven” who said to whom? a) Disciples to St. Mary b) Angels to people c) Angels to Disciples d) Angel to Magdala Mariam 6. History is divided into BC and AD based on: a) Incarnation of Jesus Christ b) Second coming of Jesus Christ c) None of the above d) Both a and b 7. “Then they will see the son of man coming in the clouds with great power and glory”, what does this mean? a) The good people will see the second coming of Jesus Christ b) The sinners will not see Jesus Christ c) The entire world will see the second coming of Jesus Christ d) None of the above a. The second coming of Jesus Christ will be the end of history and the beginning of eternal life. 8. Which Greek word is used to describe the Second Coming of Jesus Christ? a) Parousia b) Anachorisi c) Exodus d) Eisodos 9. What was the word Parousia used for? a) Arrival of saints b) Arrival of emperor or high officials c) Arrival of disciples d) None of the above 10. Which are the words used in the New Testament to describe second coming of Christ? a) Revelation b) Manifestation c) Rebirth d) Both a and b 11. What will be revealed after the second coming of Jesus Christ? a) Meaning of life b) State of soul after death c) Essence of eternal life d) All of the above 12. The second coming of Jesus Christ would be from: a) North b) South c) East c) West 13. The burial of the dead facing eastwards is a sign of: a) Hope for the second coming of Jesus b) Believe that Jesus died for our sins c) Prayer for the dead d) None of the above 14. What do the church fathers describe “End of Ages”. a) End of the world b) Beginning of a new world c) Beginning of eternal life c) Dawn of resurrection 15. What is the most important event during second coming of Jesus Christ? a) Last judgement b) Resurrection of the dead c) Arrival of Jesus Christ from the east d) None of the above 16. What is the feature of life in Heaven? a) Last Judgement b) Intermittent worship c) Incessant worship d) None of the above 17. What happens to the good and bad people? a) The good go to the resurrection of life and bad goes to the resurrection of condemnation b) The good go to the resurrection of condemnation and the bad goes to the resurrection of life c) Good and bad people will be forgiven their sin d) None of this happens 18. What does the comparison of the life of kingdom of heaven to that of a marriage feast indicate? a) Eternal Life b) Life of fellowship c) Life of prayer d) Life of faithful 19. What does the worship of the church symbolize? a) Eternal Life b) Life of fellowship c) Life of prayer d) None of the above 20. The First coming (Birth) of Jesus Christ, even though many people did not come to know about it, became a turning point in history. a) Sinners were guided by the disciples to follow Christianity. b) Origin of Christianity c) History is divided into BC and AD d) Sinners were converted to Christians 1. Which are the fundamental dogmas of the faith of our Church? The fundamental dogmas of our church are the faith in the triune God comprising of Father, Son and the Holy Spirit; and also, the faith in the Holy Church, One Baptism and Eternal life in the world to come. 2. The birth of Jesus Christ was a turning point in history. Why? The First coming (Birth) of Jesus Christ, even though many people did not come to know about it, became a turning point in history. History is divided into BC (Before Christ) and AD (Anno Domini - Year of the Lord) based on the Incarnation of Jesus Christ. 3. What is the meaning of the Greek word ‘Parousia’? The Second Coming of Jesus Christ is often described using the Greek word ‘Parousia.’ This word means ‘arrival’ or ‘presence.’ The word ‘Parousia’ was used to describe the visit of the emperor or the high officials. This word indicates that the second coming of Jesus will be in glory. (This includes all the events in which the Lord himself shall descend from heaven, accompanies the archangel and the angels, raises the dead first: and then we who are alive and, shall be taken up together with them in the clouds, to meet the Lord in the air, and judges all, so that we shall be with the Lord.) 4. List the fundamental dogmas of faith of the Church? The basic beliefs of the Christian Church as we know them today were codified at the synods held in Nicea, Constantinople and Ephesus. Following are the beliefs of the Church a. The God is the Creator and Sustainer of all that is visible and invisible, and of the one who leads creation to its fullness. b. God is one and glorified in Trinity as the Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit. c. The Son of God incarnated from Virgin Mary by the Holy Spirit to redeem the universe in general and man from satan, sin and death, was crucified, died and rose from grave on the third day. d. The Holy Spirit came from the Father and was known by the Son and is greeted with father and the Son. e. The Holy Church is the community of the faithful departed, the living and those yet to come. f. Through Baptism, we believers become part of the salvatory functions of Jesus Christ and enter salvation through the church. g. At the second coming of Jesus Christ, the dead will be resurrected and will face judgement and those who are worthy will enter eternal life. 5. What are the words used in the New Testament to indicate the Second coming of Jesus Christ? Write short notes explaining the meaning of each of these words. a. Manifestation; Parousia: This word indicates that the second coming of Jesus will be in glory. b. Coming/Arrival: The word is used in the sense of the second coming of Jesus. c. End of Ages: The coming of the Lord is called end of ages because it is the moment of judgement of the world. d. Revelation: Here is the visual representation of all the events of the last days. 6. Why do we pray facing the east? We pray facing east because we believe that the second coming of our Lord is from the east. “For as the lightening comes from the east and flashes to the west, so also will the coming of the son of Man be” (St. Matthew 24:27). 7. What are the features of life in the kingdom of heaven? Eternal life or the life in heaven would be a life in fellowship with the large community of saintly people. When we compare the kingdom of heaven to a marriage feast it indicates a life of fellowship. Another feature of life in heaven is incessant worship. (“And there shall be no more curse, but the throne of God and of the Lamb shall be into, and His servants shall serve Him” Revelation 22:3) 8. Describe briefly how the vision of the end of Age is expressed in our liturgy. Our prayers include the second coming of our Lord, the resurrection of the dead and the last judgement. In the last part of the Holy Qurbana, the priest holds the Paten and Chalice and turns towards west signifying the second coming of Jesus Christ. Also, the liturgy of funeral service contains details regarding the end of ages. CHAPTER 26 – H.G DR. PAULOSE MAR GREGORIOS 1. The future generations won’t believe that such a man lived on Earth in flesh and blood.” Who said these words and about whom? Scientist Albert Einstein about Mahatma Gandhi 2. A boy born at Thadikkal family in Thrippunithura later become a multifaceted genius not seen in the entire history of all Christian Churches in India. Who was the boy or who is that genius? Paul Varghese/ H. G Paulose Mar Gregorios 3. The parents of Paul Varghese who became (H. G Paulose Mar Gregorios) Paily Master, Eli Paily 4. When was Paul Varghese (H. G Paulose Mar Gregorios) born? 9th August 1922 5. The childhood name of H. G Paulose Mar Gregorios Paul Varghese 6. H. G Paulose Mar Gregorios learned the basic lessons of his theological studies from his--- Mother 7. The autobiography of H. G Paulose Mar Gregorios “The Freedom of Love: A Great Mystery” 8. H. G Paulose Mar Gregorios was appointed as a teacher in Ethiopia 9.H. G Paulose Mar Gregorios wrote a grammar text in this language and earned much praise from all. Amharic 10.He arrived as the guest of Government of India in 1956, participated in the 100th Feast of Commemoration of Mar Dionysius of Cheppad. Emperor Hailey Selasi 11. H. G Paulose Mar Gregorios was appointed as an advisor in the personal staff of the Emperor of........ Ethopia 12.The studies about _________, especially ___________, brought H. G Paulose Mar Gregorios to the forefront of the leading theologians of his times. Cappadocian Fathers, St. Gregory of Nyssa 13. When was H. G Paulose Mar Gregorios passed away? 24th November 1996 14. H. G Paulose Mar Gregorios was consecrated as metropolitan in ________ and became the _________ 1975, Metropolitan of Diocese of Delhi. 15. H. G Paulose Mar Gregorios was the principal of Orthodox Theological Seminary since ------ and continued in that post till his death: 1967 What were the positions held by H.G Dr. Paulose Mar Gregorios in foreign Countries? H.G Dr. Paulose Mar Gregorios worked as a teacher in Ethiopia. Later he became an Advisor to the Emperor Haili Selasi of Ethiopia. He became Associate Secretary of World Council of Churches. He became a Teacher par excellence in the Bible study classes of World Council of Churches. Later on he became the President of World Council of Churches. He participated in U.N General Assembly. Chapter 27 – Fr. Dr. V.C Samuel Birth place of Rev. Fr. Dr. V. C Samuel is _____Omalloor, Pathanamthitta Which year Rev. Fr. Dr. V.C Samuel born? 06 Apr 1912 What is the full form of FFRRC? Federated Faculty for Research in Religion and Culture. What is the full form of WCC? World Council of Churches. How long Rev. Fr. Dr. V.C Samuel served in the Faith and Order Commission of WCC? 1961-1984 23 yrs. When was Rev. Fr. Dr. V.C Samuel passed away? 18 Nov 1998 How does Fr. V. C. Samuel’s research help the reconciliation of the Byzantine and Oriental Orthodox Churches? Rev. Fr. Dr. V.C Samuel, from childhood, had an earnest desire to understand the truth of the schism between Orthodox Church and Jacobite faction, objectively. He was interested in enquiring whether there was any truth in branding Oriental Orthodox Churches as ‘Monophysites’. He enquired into the background of the Council of Chalcedon which caused the first split in the Christian Church, and also the truth behind ‘One Nature’, ‘Two Natures’ theories. His findings on these issues became beneficial to the Church. He proved through his studies that the controversies regarding One Nature and Two Natures originated because of the socio-political conditions in those days, and because both factions did not understand the actual theological position of the other. His doctoral thesis, ‘Council of Chalcedon- Re-examined’ was an eye opener for the entire Church. Chapter 28 - Righteous utilization of wealth Wealth is a reward given by ___ God Keeping and worshipping wealth is ____ sin We should ___ wealth and utilize for the good of others. (invest) Write a paragraph on Righteous Utilization of wealth? Human beings need money to meet their life needs. Earning, keeping or spending money is not a sinful act. But it is important to check if the means of earning money is righteous. Whatever we have is God- given. God rewards those who do His will. Jesus Christ tells such people, “Well done, good servant; because you were faithful in a very little” (Luke 19:17). We should be righteous not only in acquiring wealth, but also in spending it. The wealth of the world, including that which we enjoy personally and spend for our personal needs, is the common inheritance of the entire humankind. The wealth given to us by God, is also meant to be given to the needy. Today we are living in a consumerist society. Globalism and consumerism thrive on attractive advertisements. We have no right to spend and sqander wealth for our sefish ends. In the Holy Bible, we read Jesus Christ telling the wealthy man who filled his granary with crops “Fool, This night your soul will be required of you; then whose will those things be which you have provided?” (Luke 12:20). Money is meant to be exchanged. Only then it will become wealth. Jesus Christ has told us that the talent buried in soil is not wealth. Those who received five and two talents should increase them as ten and four talents respectively and should give them back to God. Then it will become wealth. Chapter 29 - Significance of Counselling Counsellor in Holy Bible – Holy Spirit What is the meaning of Paraclete? Counsellor Scientific counselling should include ___ (Spirituality) Counselling is helping others to help ___ (themselves) Write a paragraph on the significance of counseling in life? In the Bible we see the word counsellor on various occasions. Words like ‘Paraclete’ and ‘counsellor’ are often found in relation to the Holy Spirit. The faithful require God’s answers over and beyond human help. God may reveal things to us or may help us to find answers to problem. The Holy Spirit will reside in the hearts of believers and will reveal things which are beyond human understanding. God reveals His will to human beings. In olden days the elders in the family, priests and teachers functioned as informal counsellors in the society. They had the ability to impart good guidance, groom and to lead the young generation in the right path. This process can be compared to looking into a mirror. We cannot see our face directly. But, when we look into a mirror, we see our face and find out how it looks like. We may try to ‘redo’ our face from the image we see in the mirror. We may define counselling using this analogy. Counselling is the act of sharing our mind with those who know how to analyze various aspects of our mind. This would provide us with insights in order to take our own decisions in order to solve our problems. Thus counselling is ‘helping others to help themselves’. There is a lot of stress involved even in the natural development of an individual. When a mother goes to work leaving behind her infant child at home, both the mother and the child suffer mental stress. When children go to school they experience stress in adapting to the school environment. Examinations create stress in students. When we grow into adolescence and youth, we encounter a lot of stressful situations. Immature love relationships, bad habits acquired through peer influence, and inclination towards alcohol, drugs and pornography are some of them. The estranged relationship between husband and wife within the family is another stressful situation. If parents are estranged, their children will experience stress. Senior citizens become stressful when they are neglected by their children. Mental stress caused by financial difficulties, debt and disease are really serious. Certain types of mental stress lead people to commit suicide. Thus, there are a lot of situations of mental and emotional stress in social life. Family problems arising from alcoholism and drug abuse are also on the rise in society. Psychology-centred counselling alone is not sufficient to encounter all these. We also need spiritual programs and insights to make us good and useful individuals. So we need a counselling resource which integrates both technical and spiritual knowledge. Hence, it would be better for us to approach a pastoral counsellor who has received training in both Psychology and Theology. Supplementary Reader - Saint Gregorios of Parumala (Saint Geevarghese Mar Gregorios) 15th June 1848 - 2nd November 1902 1. Who was the first saint to be canonized in our Church? St. Gregorios of Parumala 2. Who recognized the outstanding and divine qualities of Kochaipora (Parumala Thirumeni) and decided to teach the boy the Syriac language. Rev. Fr. Geevarghese Malpan of the Chathuruthy family 3. Who initiated the boy Geevarghese into priesthood? H.G Mathews Mar Athanasius of Palakkunnathu (the then Malankara Metropolitan) 4. Who ordained deacon Geevarghese as Quroyo (sub-deacon)? H.G Mathews Mar Athanasius of Palakkunnathu 5. Whose vision did Deacon Geevarghese had when he contracted disease “Kanakakalloori” (smallpox)? Saint Mary 6. Who ordained deacon Geevarghese as full deacon (Mshamshono)? Bishop Yuyakim Mar Coorilose (Patriarchal Delegate of Malankara from Syria) 7. Who ordained Deacon Geevarghese as a Priest and as Cor-Episcopa? Bishop Yuyakim Mar Coorilose 8. Who ordained Rev. Geevarghese Cor-Episcopa as Ramban Pulikkottil Thirumeni (Malankara Metropolitan H.G Joseph Mar Dionysios V) 9. Who ordained Deacon Geevarghese as Bishop H.H Patriarch Peter (Ignatius Peter IV Patriarch of Antioch, on 10th December’ 1876) 10. Where did Grego

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