Social Processes & Socialization PDF

SOCIAL PROCESSES & SOCIALIZATION  ARE YOU FAMILIAR? "Yeoboseyo?" "Eotteoke...“ "Annyeong!"  ARE YOU FAMILIAR? "Yeoboseyo?" "Eotteoke...“ "Annyeong!"  All members of a society experience socialization in varying extent. It is impossible for socialization to...

SOCIAL PROCESSES & SOCIALIZATION  ARE YOU FAMILIAR? "Yeoboseyo?" "Eotteoke...“ "Annyeong!"  ARE YOU FAMILIAR? "Yeoboseyo?" "Eotteoke...“ "Annyeong!"  All members of a society experience socialization in varying extent. It is impossible for socialization to happen without social processes, or the repetitive patterns of interaction commonly found in a social life.  ENCULTURATION When parents teach their children about values, norms, traditions, and other aspects of their culture, enculturation happens. This social process is defined as the manner by which a person learns or adopts the culture followed by his/her co-members in a society. ACCULTURATION AND ASSIMILATION ACCULTURATION For American soldier and geologist John Wesley Powell (who first coined the term in 1883), it refers to the psychological changes stimulated by cross-cultural imitation. ACCULTURATION Acculturation occurs most vividly when two societies/groups/individuals are interacting directly. ACCULTURATION Acculturation occurs most vividly when two societies/groups/individuals are interacting directly. ACCULTURATION The manifestation of acculturation is more noticeable on social media.  ACCULTURATION AND ASSIMILATION ASSIMILATION If acculturation implies immersion in another culture while maintaining one's mother culture, assimilation, denotes complete or almost total adaptation of the minor culture to the major one. ACCULTURATION AND ASSIMILATION ASSIMILATION an individual learns a new culture, tending to lose entirely his/her previously held cultural identity. COOPERATION Sociologists F.E. Merrill and H.W. Eldredge (1965) defined cooperation as "a form of social interaction wherein two or more persons work together for a common end or purpose." As Panopio and Raymundo (1992) stated, it is a central feature of social life.  COOPERATION Cooperation ranges from small to wide degrees-from the teamwork in a class, bonding among peers, helping family members or relatives, and sharing expertise with fellow workers to maintaining peace between nations through diplomatic negotiations.  COOPERATION In local context, cooperation is manifested through bayanihan. It is a distinct Filipino value which shows the said social process in the clearest manner.  COOPERATION Hunt and Horton (1990) mentioned that cooperation was the basic method of accomplishing difficult tasks in the rural provinces, such as house-building, planting, preparation for occasions, and the like.  COOPERATION Interestingly, most if not all instances of cooperation are actualized with a minimum or even complete absence of formal arrangements. COOPERATION Suki relationship between a consumer and a seller  DIFFERENTATION Israeli sociologist Shmuel Eisenstadt (1971) defined differentiation as the ways through which major social spheres become disconnected to focus on specialized roles and create a stronger organizational framework.  DIFFERENTATION Simply stated, differentiation is the process of designating each member of a society with particular functions and roles intended for the society to achieve stability and order, thus, the increased number of social units.  DIFFERENTATION Differentiation may be seen in the community of medical practitioners and government agencies. These communities are composed of experts, technocrats, and think-tanks from various fields that provide specific services for the varying needs of the people. AMALGAMATION Amalgamation happens when two families or groups become one through a formal union, such as marriage. It promotes acculturation and assimilation, and is the opposite of differentiation since it reduces the number of social units. STRATIFICATION The hierarchical arrangements and establishment of social categories that may evolve into social groups is called social stratification. STRATIFICATION Stratification involves dividing the members of society into different strata. Each stratum or social class is made of individuals who possess similar economic, political, and cultural interests. Members from different strata have varied privileges, responsibilities, ideas, dispositions, and attitudes toward the society. STRATIFICATION  CONFLICT AND COMPETITION Sociologist Lewis Coser (1956) defined conflict as "a struggle over values and claims to scarce status, power, and resource." Conflict manifests in different forms and levels. There are intrapersonal, interpersonal, intragroup, and intergroup conflicts. A conflict also involves individuals, groups, or a combination of both. In most cases, conflict happens when a party fails to communicate effectively its message to the other, thus creating misunderstanding. The inclination of a person to disregard the interest and/or welfare of others also often leads to conflict.  CONFLICT AND COMPETITION In capitalism, there is an inherent conflict of interest between those who hire wage laborers and those whose labor is turned into surplus value. It is this inherent conflict that produces classes (Ollman, 1976). This is true for both traditional and modern societies across the globe.  BOURGEOISIE & PROLETARIAT Bourgeoisie for Marx is the capitalists in the modern economy or society while proletariat is considered as the worker/employee. The former owns the means of production and employs wage labor. The conflict between these two classes is a classic example of a material conflict.  CONFLICT AND COMPETITION The contradiction grows out of the previously mentioned contradiction between labor and capitalism. None of these contradictions can be resolved except by changing the capitalist structure. In fact, until that change occurs, the contradiction will only become worse. Society will be increasingly polarized into these two great opposing classes (Ritzer et. Al, 2018).  CONFLICT AND COMPETITION Competition, on the other hand, suggests the struggle between two or more persons or groups that can be translated to innovation in the long run.  CONFLICT AND COMPETITION Competition, on the other hand, suggests the struggle between two or more persons or groups that can be translated to innovation in the long run.  CONFLICT AND COMPETITION In the case of megastores and franchise chains, many small, independent, and mostly local enterprises were shoeved out of competition due to mechanization of inputs such as labor, conglomeration or merging, and other attempts to establish monopolies. This idea supports the famous adage, "Competition breeds innovation."  TASK #9 (3 in Midterm) Observe your community. Cite instances when you have witnessed the following social processes. 1. Acculturation 2. Assimilation 3. Cooperation 4. Differentiation 5. Cooperation 6. Differentiation 7. Amalgamation 8. Stratification 9. Conflict 10. Competition Thank You