Skeletal System PDF

Skeletal System  I. Functions of the Skeletal System A. support – you have your ligaments which holds the bones together B. Protection C. Movement – contraction of the muscles attached to bones (“skeletal muscles”) causes movements at the joints between bones  Most protected part of...

Skeletal System  I. Functions of the Skeletal System A. support – you have your ligaments which holds the bones together B. Protection C. Movement – contraction of the muscles attached to bones (“skeletal muscles”) causes movements at the joints between bones  Most protected part of the body is what?  Ligaments – hold bones together Tendons – attach muscles to bones  D. Mineral storage of Ca++ and PO4- - calcium phosphate = Ca3(PO4)2 - provide strength for hardness and act as storage site for calcium  E. Production of Blood Cells 1. production of red blood cells (erythrocytes) erythro is greek for red 2. production of white blood cells (leukocytes) leuko means white  Femur – thigh bone Organization of the Skeletal System 206 bones  Axial skeleton 1. skull (29) 2. vertebral column (26) 3. ribcage (25) - a. sternum (1) - b. ribs (24)  Appendicular skeleton 1. pectoral girdle (4) - scapula and clavice scapula – shoulder blade clavicle – collar bone 2. upper limbs (60) 3. pelvic girdle (2) 4. lower limbs (60)  Radius – lateral side Ulna – medial side  Carpal bones carpal means wristbones 3 phalanges for each finger bone 2 phalanges for each thumb 3 x 4 = 12 2x1=2  Pelvic Girdle attached is the femur patella Tibia – thick Fibula – fine  Tarsals similar to carpals Metatarsals and phalanges 3 phalanges for each toe 2 phalanges for each big toe  Joints of the skull A. types (1) sutures – 2 bones joined together (a) non-movable joints between bones (b) major sutures of the skull: (1) frontal suture - not visible on adult skulls