Scm Chapter 2 PDF

CHAPTER 2 Part 1 Chapter Content 2.1: SUSTAINABLE ? 2.2: SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT ? 2.3: SUSTAINABLE CONSTRUCTION ? 2.4: MALAYSIAN PERSPECTIVES 2.1: SUSTAINABLE 4   The ability to maintain at certain rate or level.  Attaining sustainability does not m...

CHAPTER 2 Part 1 Chapter Content 2.1: SUSTAINABLE ? 2.2: SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT ? 2.3: SUSTAINABLE CONSTRUCTION ? 2.4: MALAYSIAN PERSPECTIVES 2.1: SUSTAINABLE 4   The ability to maintain at certain rate or level.  Attaining sustainability does not mean the eradication of adverse impact, which is an impossible vision at present, but rather the reduction of it to a certain reasonable level. 5 2.2: SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT 7  A philosophy called ‘sustainable development’ was introduced in 1987 in Brundtland Report. Maintaining a delicate balance between the human need to improve lifestyles and feeling of well-being on one hand, and preserving natural resources and ecosystems, on which we and future generations depend. 8  “Creating and operating a healthy built environment based on resource efficiency and ecological design” Charles J. Kibert “The balanced uses of resources on a global scale including physical elements, human elements, and national political context” Ronald Rovers “The development which meets the needs of present without compromising the ability of future generation to meet their own need” Bourdeau 9 10 11  12 …all the same, only details varied 13  Economic various strategies that make it possible to use available resources to their best advantage. Sustainability reducing the amount of waste produce or using less Environmental energy, but is concerned with developing processes that will lead to businesses becoming completely sustainable in Sustainability the future. Social encompass human rights, labor rights and corporate governance. Sustainability 14  To alter or improve our conventional way of development into a more responsible approach which can satisfy our needs for development without harming the world we live in. 15  Climate change: Long-term climate changes have been observed across the globe. Changes are happening as a result of human activity, including man-made greenhouse gas emissions. 16  Human activities!! 17  Human activities!! 18 Consider life-cycle cost 1. Consider life-cycle cost 1. Consider life-cycle cost ECONOMY Reduce the energy required for transforming 2. Consider alternative financing mechanism goods and supplying 2. Consider alternative financing mechanism services. 3. Develop appropriate economic instruments to promote 3. Develop Enhance appropriate a participatory approacheseconomic instruments by involving stakeholdersto promote sustainable consumption sustainable consumption 4. Consider Consider alternativethe economic financing impact on local structure mechanism 4. Consider the economic impact on local structure 5. Internalize external costs Consider the impact of planned projects on air, soil, water, flora 5. Internalize external costs and fauna Support the instruments of international conventions and agreements 1. Enhance Promote a participatory the development approaches of appropriate byframeworks institutional involving stakeholders 1. Enhance a participatory approaches by involving stakeholders SOCIAL 2. Promote Consider the development the influence framework institutional2.frameworks of appropriate of the existing social Promote the development of appropriate institutional frameworks 3. Consider Develop appropriate the influence economic of the existing instruments to promotesocial framework3. Consider the influence of the existing social framework sustainable consumption 4. Assess the impact on health and the quality of life 4. Assess the impact on health and the quality of life Increase materials efficiency by reducing the material demand of non-renewable 5. Promote goods. public participation 5. Promote public participation Assess the impact on health and the quality of life Reduce the materials intensity via substitution technologies Consider the economic impact on local structure 1. Reduce the energy required for transforming goods and supplying services. 1. Reduce Enhance materialsthe energy required for transforming goods and supplying recyclability services. ENVIRONMENT 2. Consider the impact of planned projects on air, soil, water, 2. Consider Reduce and controlthe theimpact of planned use of dispersion projects of toxic on air, soil, water,flora materials floraandand fauna fauna 3. Support Maximize the instruments the sustainable of international use of biological and renewable conventions resources and agreements 3. Support the instruments of international conventions and agreements 4. Increase Internalize externalmaterials costs efficiency by reducing the material demand of non-renewable goods. 4. Increase materials efficiency by reducing the material 5. Reduce the materials Promote public participation intensity via substitution technologies demand of non-renewable goods. 6. Enhance materials recyclability 5. Reduce the materials intensity via substitution technologies 6. Enhance materials recyclability 7. Reduce and control the use of dispersion of toxic materials 7. Reduce and control the use of dispersion of toxic materials 8. Maximize the sustainable use of biological and renewable resources 8. Maximize the sustainable use of biological and renewable resources 19 2.3: SUSTAINABLE CONSTRUCTION  Subset to the philosophy of “Sustainable Development” is “Sustainable Construction”. Sustainable construction, which has been dubbed ‘green construction’. The term “sustainable construction” was originally proposed to describe the responsibility of the construction industry in attaining “sustainability”. Kibert proposed that sustainable construction means “creating a healthy built environment using resource-efficient, ecologically-based principles”. 21  Long-term project > financial scale Long-term service > public comfort & satisfaction SOCIAL ECONOMY ENVIRONMENT High energy & resource consumption > environment protection 22  Uncontrolled Wastage Management Depletion of Natural Construction Materials Accidents & Deaths Disease Outbreak Unpaid Debts Illegal Labour 23  Construction activities!! Before: through materials During: energy consumption During: the pollution After: waste!! 24  During During & After Before Construction Construction Construction Utilization or earth resources for the production of  Clearing of forest, construction materials and land for Contributing to: (e.g. fossil, wood, development.  High energy usage cement, hydrogen, air,  Environmental  High CO2 Emissions water, ore etc.) pollution (air, water,  Large water usage Transportation to/from land)  Large Solid Wastes factory involving fuel  High Solid waste generation consumption and causing generation pollution and green house emissions. 25 26  “Sustainable Construction”; the responsibility of the construction industry to attain sustainability. Construction Industry; those providing design, consulting and construction services. 27  Sustainable Construction; it requires willingness to explore new territory in construction approach and prepare to adopt new products, ideas and practices. 28  The direction of the construction industry is now shifting from developing with environmental concern as a small part of the process into having the development process being integrated within the wider context of environmental agenda. 29 30  4 Strategic Thrusts under CITP QUALITY, SAFETY & ENVIRONMENTAL PRODUCTIVITY INTERNATIONALISATION PROFESSIONALISM SUSTAINABILITY Quality, safety and Malaysia’s sustainable More than doubling Malaysian champions professionalism to be construction to be a productivity, matched by to lead the charge locally ingrained in industry model for the emerging higher wages and globally culture world  4 Strategic Thrusts under CITP QUALITY, SAFETY & ENVIRONMENTAL PRODUCTIVITY INTERNATIONALISATION PROFESSIONALISM SUSTAINABILITY Quality, safety and Malaysia’s sustainable More than doubling Malaysian champions professionalism to be construction to be a model for productivity, matched by to lead the charge locally ingrained in industry culture the emerging world higher wages and globally Drive innovation in sustainable construction Drive compliance to environmental sustainability ratings and requirements CITP TRANSFORMATION INITIATIVES TOWARDS Focus on public projects to lead the ENVIRONMENTAL charge on sustainable practices SUSTAINABILITY Facilitate industry adoption of sustainable practices Reduce irresponsible waste during construction The Principles of The Interpretation of Sustainability Principles Sustainable Development within Construction Industry Putting people at the centre Show concern for people by ensuring they live in a healthy, safe and productive built environment and in harmony with nature Taking a long term perspective Safeguarding the interests of future generations while at the same time, meeting today’s needs Taking account of costs and benefits Evaluate the benefits and costs of the project to society and environment Creating an open and supportive economic system Creating a system which can flourish trades, improve collaboration and resource efficiency Combating poverty and social exclusion Improving the quality of buildings and services, create jobs opportunities and promote social cohesiveness Respecting environmental limits Minimising damage to the environment and its resources The precautionary principle Assessing risk and uncertainties before any action and rectify possible damage at source. Using scientific knowledge Using technology and expert knowledge to seek information and in improving project efficiency and effectiveness Transparency, information participation and Opportunities to improve access to information and encourage ethics and professionalism access to justice Making the polluter pay Legislation compliance and responsibility 34  The concept of sustainability must be applied into construction industry to influence the manner in which a project shall be conducted to strike a balance between conserving the environment and maintaining prosperity in development. 35  The concept of sustainable construction governs three main pillars: environmental protection, social well-being and economic prosperity. 38 1. ENVIRONMENT The built environment refers to the activities within the construction project itself, which may, if not handled effectively, have a serious adverse impact on the environment. Conserving natural resources. Although builders have little influence over the extraction of natural resources, they can help discourage this activity by demanding less non- renewable natural resources, more recycled materials, and efficient use of energy and mineral resources. 39 2. SOCIAL WELL-BEING Social well-being concerns with the benefits of the workers and the future users. This aspect is concerned with: human feelings: security, satisfaction, safety and comfort, and human contributions: skills, health, knowledge and motivation. 40 3. ECONOMIC PROSPERITY Micro economic focuses on the factors or activities which could lead to monetary gains from the construction. While macro economic relates to the advantages gained by the public and government from the project success. 41 1. Minimize resource consumption (conserve) 2. Maximize resource reuse (reuse) 3. Use renewable or recyclable resources (renew/recycle) 4. Protect the natural environment (protect nature) 5. Create a healthy, non-toxic environment (non-toxics) 6. Apply life cycle cost analysis and true cost (economics) 7. Pursue quality in creating the built environment (quality) 42 Based on Kibert’s “Principles Concepts of Sustainable Construction” 43 44 1. Procurement: Specific procurement strategies to ensure sustainable construction requirements are addressed. 2. Site / Environment: Methods to reduce the environmental impact of construction on the project site and surrounding environment are identified. 3. Material Selection: Identifies environmentally friendly building materials as well as harmful and toxic materials that should be avoided. 4. Waste Prevention: Methods to reduce and eliminate waste on construction projects are identified. 5. Recycling: Identifies materials to recycle at each phase of construction and methods to support the onsite recycling effort. 6. Energy: Methods to ensure and improve the building’s energy performance, reduce energy consumed during construction, and identify opportunities to use renewable energy sources. 7. Building and Material Reuse: Identifies reusable materials and methods to facilitate the future reuse of a facility, systems, equipment, products and materials. 8. Health and Safety: Methods to improve the quality of life for construction workers are identified. 9. Indoor Environment Quality: Methods to ensure indoor environmental quality measures during construction are managed and executed properly. 45 TASK Based on the 9 elements, produce one infographic about the strategies of promoting sustainable construction. Choose only one item for each group. Each item can only be choose by maximum of 2 group only. 1 group = 6 Post your infographic in google classroom and 2 other social media platform. 46  Construction Project Management Facilities Management Construction Management Site Management SEVERAL SUSTAINABLE STRATEGIES: 1.Procurement 2.Site / Environment 3.Material Selection 4.Waste Prevention 5.Recycling 6.Energy 7.Building and Material Reuse 8.Health and Safety 9.Indoor Environment Quality Construction 3+4+5+6+7+8+9 Decommissioning Planning Design Procurement Site activities Handover 5+7 Liability period 6+7 3+5+6+7 3+4+5+6 1 started 5+7 +7 2+4+5+7+8+9 47  The concept of green building costs lower than conventional method and saves energy. Sustainable buildings will contribute positively to better quality of life, work efficiency and healthy work environment. Sustainable construction will enable the construction players to be more responsible to the environmental protection needs without neglecting the social and economic needs in striving for better living. 48 2.4: MALAYSIAN PERSPECTIVES 49  Tanarimba at Janda Baik, Pahang. DDC Project (Demonstration and Documentation Centre for Sustainable Urban Household Energy Usage), launched in 2004 by the Centre for Environment, Technology and Development, Malaysia (CETDEM). Malaysia Energy Centre (PTM) on zero energy office building (ZEO) at Bandar Baru Bangi, Selangor. The Planning and National Development Doctrine (DPPS), served as the foundation for the planning and development of Putrajaya and Cyberjaya. A total of 32 physical planning guidelines were established by the Town and Country Planning Department (TCPD) to ensure sustainable development of area such as coastal areas, islands, open space, housing, retention ponds, solid waste disposal areas, conservation of trees and for environmentally sensitive areas. 50  Tanarimba at Janda Baik, Pahang. sustainable housing project blends man-made and natural elements exciting concept of ecologically sensitive community development introduces the world to eco-tourism opportunities in Malaysian highlands has been dubbed as the forefront of the ecological movement in construction 51  Menara Mesiniaga, Subang Jaya: Sky gardens that serve as villages Spiraling vertical landscape Recessed and shaded windows on the East and West Curtain wall glazing on the North and South Single core service on hot side -East Naturally ventilated and sunlit toilets, stairways and lift lobbies Spiral balconies on the exterior walls with full height sliding doors to interior offices 52 ZEO (Zero Energy Office), Bangi GreenEO & LEO, Putrajaya LEO (Low Energy Office), Putrajaya 53  …it can reduce up to… …comparison of energy with normal building… 54 55 SUSTAINABLE DESIGN & DELIVERY  SUSTAINABLE DESIGN AND DELIVERY Introduction Sustainable Construction Concepts Advantages and Disadvantages Sustainable Construction Elements of Sustainable Design Principles of Sustainable Construction Sustainable Construction Regulations and Tools Sustainable Construction Techniques Constructability Value Engineering (VE) Lean Construction BIM 2.1 Introduction 2.1.1 Sustainable Construction Concepts 2.1.1 Sustainable Construction Concepts Task: 1. Find a video in YouTube to understand more about concept of “cradle-to-grave” and “cradle-to-cradle”? Explore how that concept relates to Construction. 2. Describe a “cradle to grave” treatment of one construction material/resource. Write a history of its life from beginning to end, using a time-line format. 3. Using the same material/resource from your answer to question 2, write an alternate history for it using the “cradle to cradle” ideology, again using a time-line format. 2.2 Sustainable Construction 2.2.1 Element of Sustainable Design HVAC Building Systems Oriented Energy on site Site Water Building Design Future of Envelope Concern the planet In-class Discussion: Discuss how sustainable design/construction approaches could impact each of sustainable pillar? 2.2.2: Principles of Sustainable Construction 1. Procurement: Specific procurement strategies to ensure sustainable construction requirements are addressed. 2. Site / Environment: Methods to reduce the environmental impact of construction on the project site and surrounding environment are identified. 3. Material Selection: Identifies environmentally friendly building materials as well as harmful and toxic materials that should be avoided. 4. Waste Prevention: Methods to reduce and eliminate waste on construction projects are identified. 5. Recycling: Identifies materials to recycle at each phase of construction and methods to support the onsite recycling effort. 6. Energy: Methods to ensure and improve the building’s energy performance, reduce energy consumed during construction, and identify opportunities to use renewable energy sources. 7. Building and Material Reuse: Identifies reusable materials and methods to facilitate the future reuse of a facility, systems, equipment, products and materials. 8. Health and Safety: Methods to improve the quality of life for construction workers are identified. 9. Indoor Environment Quality: Methods to ensure indoor environmental quality measures during construction are managed and executed properly. Possible Implementations of Sustainable Construction Principles Construction Project Management Facilities Management Construction Management Site Management 1.Procurement 2.Site / Environment 3.Material Selection 4.Waste Prevention 5.Recycling 6.Energy 7.Building and Material Reuse 8.Health and Safety 9.Indoor Environment Quality Construction 3+4+5+6+7+8+9 Decommissioning Planning Design Procurement Site activities Handover 5+7 Liability period 6+7 3+5+6+7 3+4+5+6 1 started 5+7 +7 2+4+5+7+8+9 Can We Dig Quite Deeper? What Are They? Examples For Each Possible Strategies  Procurement is a term which describes the activities undertaken by a client or employer who is seeking to bring about the construction or refurbishment of a building. It is a mechanism which provides a solution to the question: "how do I get my project built?“ (The Joint Contracts Tribunal Limited, London)  USE SUSTAINABLE PROCUREMENT “Sustainable procurement helps ensure value for money and lower operational costs whilst protecting the environment and bringing us wider societal benefits.” Lord de Mauley, Parliamentary Under-Secretary for Resource Management, the Local Environment and Environmental Science (at the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs), 2012, London.  Processes of sustainable procurement (based on london olympic 2012): A. Pre-procurement: Early engagement with the supply chain: communication of opportunities, which allowed identification of best practice as well as innovative products, materials and suppliers; communication of contract opportunities to potential suppliers. B. Tender specifications: Developing a comprehensive design brief with sustainability requirements fully integrated. C. Pre-qualification: Use of appropriate selection criteria: it focused on past contractors/suppliers performance but it helped on some aspects of sifting bidders. D. Award stage: All tenders had a set of award criteria that included sustainability and were evaluated on the basis of most economically advantageous tender (meat). The environmental sustainability assessment formed part of the technical evaluation. E. Contract stage: Contract requirements, including detailed sustainability requirements (may integrate GBI). (Further reading: London 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games; The Legacy: Sustainable Procurement for Construction Projects: A Guide)  SHIFT of excavation and pre-fabricated part transportation to site from truck to railway. 90% or more avoided truck kilometers (transport of excavation and pre-fabricated parts), reduction of 54 to 67% in NOx- emissions. (Further reading: NYC Global Partners’ Innovation Exchange, 2010.)  USE LOCALLY AVAILABLE: Building materials, components, and systems found locally or regionally saving energy and resources in transportation to the project site. BUY LESS TOXIC BUILDING MATERIALS: Avoid thermostats that contain mercury, pressure-treated lumber, and any products made of polyvinyl chloride (PVC, commonly known as vinyl). (Further reading: California Department of Resources Recycling and Recovery (CalRecycle), 2012, & INFORM, Inc., 2012)  Design for durability and adaptability: Ensure a building's maximum ability to accommodate future technological advances and other changing needs. Design for disassembly: Buildings that can be altered easily are more likely to be renovated than torn down and replaced. Designing spaces for easy disassembly also facilitates the reclamation of construction materials for reuse and recycling. Use IBS (Industrialised Building System). (Further reading: INFORM, Inc., 2012)  Construction waste recycling is the separation and recycling of recoverable waste materials generated during construction and remodeling. Fact: 8,000 lbs (3,628kg) of waste are typically thrown into the landfill during the construction of a 2,000 square foot (28x72”) home. USE ON-SITE SEPARATION (Further reading: Sustainable Sources, USA, 2013, & NYC Global Partners’ Innovation Exchange, 2010)  Energy Efficiency can be maximized by utilizing materials and systems that meet the following criteria: Materials, components, and systems that help reduce energy consumption in buildings and facilities. Ex.: use LOW VOC (Volatile Organic Compound) Paints. ‘Energy Star’ logo, to go with approved items! (Further reading: EPA Energy Star, USA, 2013, & Silicon Valley Home Real Estate Experts Inc., 2013)  Many materials can be salvaged from demolition and renovation sites and sold, donated, stored for later use, or reused on the current project. Typical materials suitable for reuse include: plumbing fixtures, brick, ceiling, floor tiles, wood. (Further reading: United States Office of Solid Waste Agency, Environmental Protection and Emergency, October 2009)  Protecting worker safety and health is sustainability! Use RATING SYSTEM. Ex. (Further reading: Sustainable Construction Safety & Health (SCSH), 2013)  PARTICULATE MATERIAL such as dusts and fibers are likely to be produced during construction and renovation activities. Assure that construction/renovation workers are equipped with any necessary personal protection equipment (PPE) such as N95 respirators, gloves, eye wear, head gear, and steel-toed boots. (Further reading: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, USA, 2013)  Please read further: UK Government, Strategy for Sustainable Construction, June 2008. PERSPECTIVE OF THOSE STRATEGIES All the strategies may be implemented; before, during, after, throughout, construction project lifecycle! Perspective Of Those Strategies Construction Project Management Facilities Management Construction Management Site Management BEFORE DURING AFTER THROUGHOUT 2.4: Several Strategies Toward Sustainable Construction  Value Constructability Management Building Information Lean Modelling Construction (BIM) COMPREHENSIVE STRATEGIES  Constructability is “the capability of a design to be constructed.” (from The Construction Management Committee, 1991; by Koskela, 1992). One of a project management techniques for reviewing construction processes from start to finish during the design/pre-construction phase. It will identify obstacles before a project is actually built to reduce or prevent error, delays, cost overruns, wastages, etc.. Sustainable construction can be implemented within constructability with better outcomes.  TO WATCH WHAT THE CONSTRUCTABILITY IS ALL ABOUT Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7ot5dZUSpRg  Constructability reviews are easily managed for projects where the contractor is determined beforehand. The preferred contractor is engaged at the first client briefing stage and is involved all the way through the design phases. The contractor is an integral part of all design meetings and reviews all documents, plans, drawings, specifications, tender documents and procurement schedules. Further reading: R. Mohamad Zin et.al., APSEC-ICCER 2012, 2 – 4 October 2012, Surabaya, Indonesia. The Institution of Professional Engineers New Zealand Incorporated (IPENZ), Practice Notes: Constructability, 2008.  CHAPTER 2: Part 3 Sustainable Construction SUSTAINABLE DESIGN & DELIVERY SUSTAINABLE DESIGN AND DELIVERY Introduction Sustainable Construction Concepts Advantages and Disadvantages Sustainable Construction Elements of Sustainable Design Principles of Sustainable Construction Sustainable Construction Regulations and Tools Sustainable Construction Techniques Constructability Value Engineering (VE) Lean Construction BIM  VM is a systematic and innovative methodology with a multi-disciplinary approach targeted to achieve better value of construction products through decision making process. The fundamental contribution by the VM technique is to eliminate the unnecessary cost which does not contribute to the value of the services, products, systems and that obviously includes the construction projects. Click me for video explanation about value management… Click me for video explanation about value management… Click me for video explanation about value management… Click me for video explanation about value management…  In many cases, the parties involved in the planning and design development tend to work in ‘silos’. Value Management provides a very effective tool to integrate this diverse discipline and parties to work on a common goals and adopting a very structured methodology. The adoption of VM may resulting in a sustainable construction. Further reading: Sr. Dr. Mohd Mazlan Che Mat, Founding President Institute of Value Management Malaysia (IVMM), Value Management – The Way Forward, 2010.  Example: In one study on the condominium development, the designer proposed the floor to ceiling height of 10’0”. After being asked what is the purposed and function of that, they responded that it was for marketing purposed, which was than disputed by marketing guys. The Building By-Laws only requires 8’6” floor to ceiling height. However it was then decided to go for 9’0” in height. The purposed building was 12 storey of 12 blocks. There was a saving of RM1.0 Million per block with the overall saving of RM12.0 Million. It is good for you to understand what is VALUE ENGINEERING. So, you can understand how VALUE MANAGEMENT works on the construction project Example:  The word “lean” was defined by Howell (2001) as “Give customers what they want, deliver it instantly with no waste”. Generally, construction project based on a cyclic processes. Therefore, the need to identify the wasteful activities in the processes and to make special consideration for them is crucial. Then, compress the cycle time by eliminating non-value-adding time (Koskela, 1999). Cycle time includes process time, inspection time, wait time and move time. This concept may assist on sustainable construction objective. (Further reading: Proceedings IGLC-7, Seventh Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction, University of California, Berkeley, USA, 1999)  Murman et al. (2002), lean production or manufacturing concept comprises a variety of production systems that share certain principles, including waste minimisation, responsiveness to change, just-in-time, effective relationships within the value stream, continuous improvement, and quality from the beginning. It requires the alignment of the entire supply chain with the production needs of the project. This eliminates wasted time on the building site and other problems caused by installing building components in an inappropriate way. The result is that customer value and satisfaction is maximized.  When the resources are staged properly and in adequate amounts the work will flow according to the schedule. Conflicts are avoided, the schedule is maintained and quality assured. The value to the owner is maximized. Lean Construction techniques build a new social framework based on trust and shared knowledge that forms the basis for cooperation, collaboration and coordination.  According to Koskela (1992) and Thomas et al., (2002), lean construction includes: practice of just-in-time (JIT), Use of pull-driven scheduling, etc.. You can CLICK my right hand and my left hand for video explanation… You can CLICK my right hand and my left hand for video explanation… Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OTH0z6xSSJM&feature=share  Building information modeling (BIM) is a process involving the generation and management of digital representations of physical and functional characteristics of places. BIM (Building Information Modeling) is an intelligent 3D model-based process that gives architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) professionals the insight and tools to more efficiently plan, design, construct, and manage buildings and infrastructure.  Building information models (BIMs) are files (often but not always in proprietary formats and containing proprietary data) which can be extracted, exchanged or networked to support decision-making regarding a building or other built asset. Use of BIM goes beyond the planning and design phase of the project, extending throughout the building life cycle, supporting processes including cost management, construction management, project management and facility operation. B.I.M Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=suNadRnHy-U&feature=share  2.3: Sustainable Construction Rating Tools  Sustainable Construction Rating Tools Green Building Index (GBI) MyCrest Green RE Green Pass Penarafan Hijau by Public Work Department (PWD)  The Green Building Index (GBI) is an environmental rating system for buildings developed by PAM (Pertubuhan Arkitek Malaysia / Malaysian Institute of Architects) and ACEM (the Association of Consulting Engineers Malaysia). The Green Building Index is Malaysia’s first comprehensive rating system for evaluating the environmental design and performance of Malaysian buildings based on the six (6) main criterias of Energy Efficiency, Indoor Environment Quality, Sustainable Site Planning & Management, Materials & Resources, Water Efficiency, and Innovation.  The GBI initiative aims to assist the building industry in its march towards sustainable development. The GBI environmental rating system is created to: Define green buildings by establishing a common language and standard of measurement; Promote integrated, whole-building design; Recognise and reward environmental leadership; Transform the built environment to reduce it’s environmental impact; and Ensure new buildings remain relevant in the future and existing buildings are refurbished and upgraded properly to remain relevant. GBI More Information: http://new.greenbuildingindex.org/ MyCrest MyCREST, or the Malaysian Carbon Reduction and Environmental Sustainability Tool, aims to guide, assist, quantify, hence reduce, the built environment’s impact in terms of reduced carbon emissions and environmental impact, while taking into account a more holistic life cycle view of the built environment. It also aims to integrate socio-economic considerations relating to the built environment and urban development.  MyCREST, or the Malaysian Carbon Reduction and Environmental Sustainability Tool, aims to guide, assist, quantify, hence reduce, the built environment’s impact in terms of reduced carbon emissions and environmental impact, while taking into account a more holistic life cycle view of the built environment. It also aims to integrate socio- economic considerations relating to Click here for the built environment and urban MyCREST video development. MyCrest More Information: http://www.cidb.gov.my/index.php/en/bidang- utama/pembinaan-mampan/mycrest http://www.cidb.gov.my/index.php/en/pengumuman/ 106-2017/666-qualified-professional-training-course- mycrest 2.3.4 GREEN BUILDING INDEX (GBI) 2.3.4 GREEN BUILDING INDEX (GBI) (cont.) 2.3.4 GREEN BUILDING INDEX (GBI) (cont.) CATEGORIES Non-Residential: Residential Commercial, Buildings Institutional, and Linked houses, Industrial in apartment, bungalows, nature. condominium, etc More emphasis on Factories, hospitals, sustainable site offices, hotels etc. planning and More emphasis on management energy efficiency 2.3.4 GREEN BUILDING INDEX (GBI) (cont.) Energy efficiency Rating System Indoor Environment Quality Criteria Sustainable Site Planning & Management Material and Resources Water Efficiency Innovation  2.3.4 GREEN BUILDING INDEX (GBI) (cont.) 1. Energy Efficiency (EE): Improve energy consumption by optimising building orientation, minimizing solar heat gain through the building envelope, Rating System Harvesting natural lighting, adopting the best practices in building services including use of renewable energy, and ensuring proper testing, commissioning and regular maintenance. 2. Indoor Environment Quality (EQ): Achieve good quality performance in indoor air quality, acoustics, visual and thermal comfort. These will involve the use of low volatile organic compound (VOC) materials, application of quality air filtration, proper control of air temperature, movement and humidity. 2.3.4 GREEN BUILDING INDEX (GBI) (cont.) 3. Sustainable Site Planning & Management (SM): Rating System Selecting appropriate sites with planned access to public transportation, community services, open spaces and landscaping. Avoiding and conserving environmentally sensitive areas through the redevelopment of existing sites and brownfields (contaminated land by low concentrations of hazardous waste or pollution, and has the potential to be reused once it is cleaned up). Implementing proper construction management, storm water management and reducing the strain on existing infrastructure capacity.  2.3.4 GREEN BUILDING INDEX (GBI) (cont.) 4. Materials & Resources (MR): Promote the use of environment-friendly materials sourced from sustainable sources and recycling. Rating System Implement proper construction waste management with storage, collection and re-use of recyclables and construction formwork and waste. 5. Water Efficiency (WE): Rainwater harvesting, water recycling and water-saving fittings. 6. Innovation (IN): Innovative design and initiatives that meet the objectives of the GBI. GREEN BUILDING INDEX (GBI) – SCORES 2.3.4 GREEN BUILDING INDEX (GBI) (cont.) THUS, FROM THE PREVIOUS DISCUSSION OF SEVERAL THOROUGH STRATEGIES TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE CONSTRUCTION.. CAN WE COMBINED THOSE SEVERAL STRATEGIES INTO ONE?? THANK YOU !