SCIENCE-TECHNOLOGY.pdf

Introduction To s t S Education PLEASE BE REMINDED PLEASE BE REMINDED unit 1: SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND SOCIETY historical antecedents in which social considerations s changed the course of science and technology & T...

Introduction To s t S Education PLEASE BE REMINDED PLEASE BE REMINDED unit 1: SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND SOCIETY historical antecedents in which social considerations s changed the course of science and technology & THE MIDWIFERY t PRE-HISTORIC TIMES ANCIENT TIMES SUMERIAN CIVILIZATION S BABYLONIAN CIVILIZATION EGYPTIAN CIVILIZATION CRETAN (MINOAN) CIVILIZATION GREEK AND ROMAN CIVILIZATION MEDIEVAL TIMES RENAISSANCE TIMES MODERN TIMES REVOLUTION SCIENTIFIC, INDUSTRIAL & THE 20TH CENTURY  ACTIVITY OBJECTIVE: 1. to gauge students familiarity with technology during Ancient & Modern Times 2. to introduce the concept of STS in a relatable manner Introduction To s t S Science, Technology and Society are also referred to as SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY STUDIES It is the study of how social, political, and cultural values affect scientific research and technological innovation, and how these, in return, affect society The field of STS is related to the history and philosophy of science although with a much broader emphasis on social aspects of science and technology S stands for Science came from the latin word scientia KNOWLEDGE It is an organized and dynamic inquiry (following scientific method), It is a human activity and a social enterprise that leads to formation of concepts, methods, principles, theories, law and procedures which seek to describe and explain nature and its phenomena as well as lead in the development of apparatuses, equipment and technologies. It is as old as the world itself. There is no individual that can exactly identify when and where SCIENCE begins. From the genesis of time, science has existed. It is always interwoven with the society. We can define SCIENCE AS:  1. SCIENCE AS AN IDEA. It includes ideas, theories, and all available systematic explanations and observations about the natural and physcial world. 2. SCIENCE AS AN INTELLECTUAL ACTIVITY It encompassess a systematic and practical study of the natural and physical world. This process of study involves systematic observation and experimentation. 3. SCIENCE AS A BODY OF KNOWLEDGE. It is a subject or a discipline, a field of study, or a body of knowledge that deals with the process of learning about the natural and physical world. This is what we refer to as school science. 3. SCIENCE AS A PERSONAL AND SOCIAL ACTIVITY. This explains that science is both knowledge and activities done by human beings to develop better understanding of the world around them. It is a means to improve life and to survive in life. It is interwoven with people’s lives. T stands for technology came from the latin word techne lets us use our knowledge to discover new tools and devices. ART, SKILLS OR CUNNING HAND is a material product as result of scientific inquiry. It is the application of knowledge in solving scientific and practical problem that will help humans to survive and improve his life. is a complex system of knowledge, skills, people, methods, tools, materials, and resources applied and allocated to the development, operation and production of a new or improved product, process or services. S stands for SOCIETY derived from Latin word SOCIETAS it typically refers to individuals belonging to a particular group Early humans attempted to understand the unknown world, they were curious about their nature. Early humans were able to organize and learn information, therefore TECHNOLOGY has come to reality because of the desire of early humans to thrive and survive, which later improved and made their life easier. Humans (HOMO SAPIENS) - are an ingenious species who dreamed up and created some amazing and far - out things.  The study of how social, political and cultural principles influence scientific research and What is technological progress, and how they, in turn, impact society. A relatively young field which brings together sts? previously independent and older disciplines, such as science history, science philosophy of science and sociology. The growth of STS as an academic field resulted from the realization that many schoolstoday do not really prepare students to respond to the challenges raised by science and technology in the current term objectively, reflectively and proactively. historical antecedents of science and technology PRE - HISTORIC TIMES STONE AGE ANCIENT HUMANS were able to discover and invent tools from the stones. FIRE was the most important discovery and invention of man. The use of FIRE led to various ways of preparing and cooking food and inventions of suitable food containers and utensils PRE - HISTORIC TIMES BRONZE AGE is the period marked the beginning of mining and metallurgy the 1st period in which metal was used man begun the smelting copper and alloying with tin or arsenic to make BRONZE PRE - HISTORIC TIMES IRON AGE Is the period of time when the dominant tool making material was IRON. IRON AGE TECHNOLOGY is characterized by the production of tools and weaponry using FERROUS metallurgy or iron. Humans had settled into small village life, toiling the soil with IRON FARMING TOOLS, such as sickles and plough tips, made the process more efficient and allowed farmers to exploit tougher soils and try new crops.  historical antecedents of science and technology during ANCIENT TIMES 1st civilization emerged independent of one another along fertile river of TIGRIS-EUPHRATES, NILE, and YANGTZE River. People of each civilization developed a unique way of life, religion, form of government, language and system of writing, arts, crafts, and advances in Science and Technology such as ASTRONOMY, AGRICULTURE, MEDICINE, MATHEMATICS, ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE CIVILIZATION’S SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT SUMMERIAN they were the 1st astronomers, mapping the movement of the stars, planets and moon into sets CUNEIFORM of constellations writing system SEXAGESIMAL SYSTEM CLAY TABLE serves as the basis of 360 degree contain the Sumerian circle and the 60 minute hour. historical information and culture They developed systematized POTTER’S WHEEL technique of farming, seed plow mechanical device that and irrigation and convert wool invented as a means of from sheep into textiles, then practical method for moving mastered the arts of bleaching heavy objects from one and dyeing. location to other.  CIVILIZATION’S SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT babylonian HANGING GARDEN IRRIGATION SYSTEM OF BABYLON ISTHAR GATE HAMMURABI LAW SYSTEM OF BOOK KEEPING, DOUBLE ENTRY ACCOUNTING serves as rule and standards MULTIPLICATION AND DIVISION TABLE, CALCULATIONS which maintain a period of USING GEOMETRY, PREDICTIONS OF SOLAR AND LUNAR stability in this region. ECLIPSE  CIVILIZATION’S SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT EGYPTIAN GLASS BLOWING 1st people to learn how to make glass PAPYRUS Ancient Egyptian depended on the paper that is made on papyrus seeds; their writing waters of the Nile River was in the form of pictorial They heat metal ore symbols known as (copper,gold and bronze) HIEROGLYPICS and made weapons, pottery and utensils  EGYPTIAN They have also master the art and science of EMBALMING. Created calendar based on the phases of the moon that consists of 29 and 1/2 days They are also the first one to divide the day into 24 hours calculated the time by means of water clock. They have also forecast the season and predict the annual flooding of the Nile River that was based on the appearance and disappearance of the star SIRIUS. Irrigation system and planted wheat and barley build houses made of sun dried mud bricks PYRAMIDS are one of the example why Egyptians have the expertise in geometry, engineering, architecture and labor management. They have also engaged in ship buildings, construction of canals, dikes and ditches with outlet system They raised ducks, geese, pigs, goats, cattle and sheep. They also manufactured soaps, creams, oils, perfumes and eye makeups. science and technology development They were primarily a mercantile person engaged in overseas trade of tin, alloyed of tin with copper, exporter of wine, oil, jewelry and highly crafted works. They built the 1st major navy ship in the world for the purpose of trading They constructed a well drainage system, public halls, courtyards, and religious shrines. They practiced polyculture, wherein they planted more than one crop at a time, this method of farming maintains the fertility of the soil, as well as offers protection against low yields in any single crop. science and technology development They established theater, water clock, lever, crane, water mill, and astrolabe used to make astronomical measurements and location. The Greek Fire which was a flaming liquid used to destroy fleet of soldiers. Catapult used as assist in throwing heavy objects over a long distance. The ARCHIMEDES SCREWS - used for lifting materials upward. During this time, Greek produced many philosophers include: HIPPOCRATES - Father of Medicine ARISTOTLE - Father of Biology ARCHIMEDES - Discovered the laws of lever and pulley that resulted in the invention of machines (screws) which could easily move loads. and, THEOPHRATUS - Father of Plant Science and wrote “History of Plant”. science and technology development They used water power and watermills for making cereals milling, sawing timber and crashing one. They exploited wood and coal for heating. They constructed AQUEDUCTS to supply water, dams, bridges, and amphitheaters. They studied astronomy, astrology, geography, and other sciences and used SUNDIALS to tell time and even created portable versions. Advanced Glass blowing techniques brought new technology to Rome in the form of window glass, hanging glass oil lamps and other objects made of glass. Rome’s military benefited from technological improvements to weapons, shields, armour, and other items.  500 500 to 1500 to Medieval Times Middle Ages MEDIEVAL TIMES 1500 ad ad Dark Ages Heavy Wheeled Plough Trebuchet Vertical Windmills Emergence of the 1st Universities that trained middle class in theology, medicine and law such as Wheelbarrow Oxford and Cambridge Black Death - The Plague Longbow & Full killed 25-50% of the people plate armour in the Europe HISTORICAL ANTECEDENTS OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY during  1300'S 1300'S rebirth of cultural and RENAISSANCE intellectual pursuits Produced a golden age with great advances in art, literature, science, Alchemy - transformation geography, PRINTING PRESS of other base substance astronomy, by Johann Andreas Vesalius William Harvey - and to discover a cure for chemistry, Gutenberg - most provided a - describe the disease and ways of physics, technological anatomy of the refined and extending life innovation of the mathematics, brain and other complete manufacturing, time organs gave birth description of anatomy and to Neurology the circulatory engineering system. Newspaper HISTORICAL ANTECEDENTS OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY during scientific scientific revolution revolution The Scientific Revolution gave emphasis on the following theories: 16th to 17th centuries Heliocentric Theory of Nicolas Copernicus was the appearance of modern science during The planets travel around the Sun in elliptical the early modern period. Developments in orbits, one focus of the ellipse being occupied Mathematics, Physics, Astronomy, Biology and by the Sun of Kepler Chemistry took place. A planet moves in its orbit in such a manner that a line drawn from the planet to the Sun Scientific Revolution led to the inventions of: always sweeps out equal areas in equal times of Kepler THERMOMETER THE LAW OF INERTIA THE LAW OF ACCELERATION TELESCOPE THE LAW OF INTERACTION MICROSCOPE BAROMETER THE LAW OF UNIVERSAL GRAVITATION HISTORICAL ANTECEDENTS OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY during MODERN TIMES INDUSTRIAL INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION REVOLUTION 1750 - 1900 An outstanding feature of the Industrial Revolution has been the advance in power technology. Industrial Revolution was the most profound revolution in the human history because of its sweeping impact on people’s daily lives. The ff: are some key intervention and innovations : Energy and power of wind and water Steam power or Steam Engine discovery of Petroleum and natural gases Development of Electricity Textile Industry etc. HISTORICAL ANTECEDENTS OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY during MODERN TIMES  20th 20th century century There are heaps of developments of Science and Technology during this century and it keeps upgrading. Air Conditioning System Optic Fiber 3D Metal Printing Magnetic Resonance Electronics Industry Imaging (MRI) Genetic Engineering Artificial Embryos Airplane Internet HISTORICAL ANTECEDENTS OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY during MODERN TIMES for activity submission next week: Research on the History of Midwifery and relate it to the Historical dates of Science and Technology Progress Report No. 1 Activity No. 1 “Introduction to Science, Technology and Society” Activity No. 2 “Historical Antecedents of Science and Technology in the ff civilization: Mesoamerica Maya Aztec Inca for activity submission next week: Research the development of Science and Technology in: (Make a Table) Asian (Chinese, Indus-HIndu, Japan Persian Arabic African Philippines Pre - Colonial Spanish Colonial American Period & Post Commonwealth Era Marcos Era & Martial Law 5th Republic (Aquino - Marcos, BB) thank you for listening Engineering lets us: Solve problems Innovate Find out how things work  M stands for mathematics Math is the study of numbers, shapes, and logic. We use it every day, in activities such as baking. Let’s Think like A mathematician What comes next in each pattern? 1. 2. 3. mathematics lets us: Understand patterns Examine data Think logically All DonE! Great job practicing STEM! Resources used in this presentation