Science Camp G8 Reviewer PDF

LIPA CITY SCIENCE INHS | ENHANCED SCIENCE 8 REVIEWER | DIVISION SCIENCE CAMP | PATRICIA CLAIRE V. CUETO QUARTER 1: PHYSICS MODULE 4: Waves 16. What is the highest point of a wave called? M...

LIPA CITY SCIENCE INHS | ENHANCED SCIENCE 8 REVIEWER | DIVISION SCIENCE CAMP | PATRICIA CLAIRE V. CUETO QUARTER 1: PHYSICS MODULE 4: Waves 16. What is the highest point of a wave called? MODULE 1: Motion Crest. 1. What is the formula for speed? 17. What is the distance between two consecutive Speed = Distance ÷ Time. crests or troughs of a wave? 2. What is the difference between distance and Wavelength. displacement? 18. What is the SI unit of frequency? Distance: Total path traveled. Hertz (Hz). Displacement: Straight-line distance between the starting and ending points. 19. What type of wave requires a medium to travel through? 3. What is the SI unit of velocity? Mechanical wave. Meters per second (m/s). 20. What type of wave does not need a medium to 4. What is acceleration? travel? The rate of change of velocity over time. Electromagnetic wave. 5. What type of motion involves an object MODULE 5: Sound moving at a constant speed in a straight line? Uniform motion. 21. What is the speed of sound in air at room temperature? MODULE 2: Forces Approximately 343 m/s. 6. What is Newton’s First Law of Motion? 22. What property of sound is related to its An object at rest stays at rest, and an object in frequency? motion stays in motion unless acted upon by an Pitch. unbalanced force. (Law of Inertia) 23. What is the unit used to measure the loudness 7. What is the formula for force according to of sound? Newton’s Second Law of Motion? Decibel (dB). Force = Mass × Acceleration (F = ma). 24. What type of wave is a sound wave? 8. What is the SI unit of force? Longitudinal wave. Newton (N). 25. What happens to the pitch of a sound as its 9. What force opposes the motion of objects in frequency increases? contact? The pitch becomes higher. Friction. MODULE 6: Light 10. What type of force causes an object to move in a circular path? 26. What is the speed of light in a vacuum? Centripetal force. 3 × 10⁸ m/s. MODULE 3: Work, Power, and Energy 27. What is the bending of light as it passes through a different medium called? 11. What is the formula for work? Refraction. Work = Force × Distance × cos(θ). 28. What is the splitting of white light into its 12. What is the SI unit of work? component colors called? Joule (J). Dispersion. 13. What is the formula for power? 29. Which color of light has the shortest Power = Work ÷ Time. wavelength? 14. What is the difference between potential Violet. energy and kinetic energy? 30. What is the law of reflection? Potential energy: Energy due to position. The angle of incidence is equal to the angle of Kinetic energy: Energy due to motion. reflection. 15. What is the Law of Conservation of Energy? Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another. Page 1 of 5  LIPA CITY SCIENCE INHS | ENHANCED SCIENCE 8 REVIEWER | DIVISION SCIENCE CAMP | PATRICIA CLAIRE V. CUETO QUARTER 2: EARTH SCIENCE 14. Which type of rock is formed from cooled and solidified magma or lava? MODULE 1: Earthquakes Igneous rocks. 1. Differentiate the focus from the epicenter of 15. Give an example of a rock-forming mineral. an earthquake. Quartz. The focus is the point inside the Earth where the MODULE 4: Plate Tectonics earthquake originates, while the epicenter is the point on the Earth's surface directly above the 16. What causes tectonic plates to move? focus. Convection currents in the mantle. 2. What is the difference between the magnitude 17. What is the process where new oceanic crust and intensity of an earthquake? is formed at mid-ocean ridges? Magnitude measures the energy released at the Seafloor spreading. source, while intensity measures the effects of the 18. What type of plate boundary forms trenches? earthquake on people and structures. Convergent boundaries. 3. What are the two types of faults? 19. What is created at divergent boundaries? Active faults and inactive faults. Rift valleys or mid-ocean ridges. 4. What type of seismic wave travels fastest? 20. Which plate boundary causes earthquakes? Primary waves (P-waves). Transform boundaries. 5. What do seismologists use to measure MODULE 5: Weathering and Erosion earthquake magnitude? Seismograph. 21. What is the difference between weathering and erosion? MODULE 2: Typhoons Weathering breaks down rocks into smaller 6. Explain how typhoons develop. pieces, while erosion transports the particles to Typhoons develop over warm ocean waters different locations. where moist air rises, cools, and condenses into 22. What type of weathering involves the clouds, forming a low-pressure system. chemical breakdown of rocks? 7. How do landmasses affect typhoons? Chemical weathering. Typhoons weaken when they move over land 23. What is one cause of mechanical weathering? because they lose their energy source—warm Temperature changes, such as freeze-thaw ocean water. cycles. 8. What is the role of PAGASA in tracking 24. What landforms are created by river erosion? typhoons? Valleys or canyons. PAGASA monitors and provides updates on typhoons and weather conditions within the 25. What is the term for soil, sand, and rocks Philippine Area of Responsibility (PAR). transported by wind or water? Sediments. 9. Name the category for the most destructive typhoons in the PAGASA system. MODULE 6: Disaster Preparedness Signal No. 5 (Super Typhoon). 26. What should you do during an earthquake if 10. What are the essential items to include in an you are indoors? emergency kit for typhoons? Drop, Cover, and Hold On. Water, food, flashlights, batteries, first aid kit, and important documents. 27. Why is it important to have an emergency family plan? MODULE 3: Rocks and Minerals To ensure everyone knows what to do and where to go during disasters. 11. What are the three types of rocks? Igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. 28. What are the components of an emergency plan? 12. How are sedimentary rocks formed? Meeting places, communication methods, and Through the compaction and cementation of evacuation routes. sediments. 29. What should you do if a tsunami warning is 13. What is the property of minerals that issued? describes how light reflects off their surface? Move to higher ground immediately. Luster. Page 2 of 5  LIPA CITY SCIENCE INHS | ENHANCED SCIENCE 8 REVIEWER | DIVISION SCIENCE CAMP | PATRICIA CLAIRE V. CUETO 30. Why is it important to include a flashlight in 13. Which group of elements is known as the an emergency kit? noble gases? To provide light during power outages. Group 18. 14. What is the element with the symbol 'Na'? Sodium. QUARTER 3: CHEMISTRY 15. What trend in the periodic table describes the MODULE 1: Atomic Structure increase in energy required to remove an electron? 1. What are the three subatomic particles of an Ionization energy increases across a period. atom? Protons, neutrons, and electrons. MODULE 4: Chemical Bonding 2. Which part of the atom contains the protons 16. What type of bond forms between metals and and neutrons? nonmetals? The nucleus. Ionic bond. 3. What is the charge of an electron? 17. What is a covalent bond? Negative. A bond formed by the sharing of electrons between atoms. 4. What does the atomic number of an element represent? 18. What is the charge of a cation? The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. Positive. 5. How do you determine the mass number of an 19. What do you call the force that holds two atom? atoms together? By adding the number of protons and neutrons. Chemical bond. MODULE 2: Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures 20. What type of bond exists in a molecule of water (H₂O)? 6. What is the smallest unit of an element? Covalent bond. An atom. MODULE 5: Chemical Reactions 7. What do you call a substance composed of two or more elements chemically combined? 21. What is the law that states matter cannot be A compound. created or destroyed in a chemical reaction? Law of Conservation of Mass. 8. What is the difference between a homogeneous and a heterogeneous mixture? 22. What do you call the starting substances in a Homogeneous mixture: Has a uniform chemical reaction? composition throughout. Reactants. Heterogeneous mixture: Has visibly different 23. What is the term for the substances produced components. in a chemical reaction? 9. Which separation technique is used to Products. separate a solid from a liquid by pouring off 24. What type of reaction combines two or more the liquid? substances to form one product? Decantation. Synthesis reaction. 10. What separation technique uses a spinning 25. What is the chemical equation for the motion to separate substances of different combustion of methane (CH₄)? densities? CH₄ + 2O₂ → CO₂ + 2H₂O. Centrifugation. MODULE 6: Solutions MODULE 3: The Periodic Table of Elements 26. What is a solution? 11. Who created the first widely recognized A homogeneous mixture of two or more periodic table? substances. Dmitri Mendeleev. 27. What do you call the substance that dissolves 12. What do elements in the same group (column) in a solution? of the periodic table have in common? Solute. They have the same number of valence electrons. 28. What is the substance that dissolves the solute called? Solvent. Page 3 of 5  LIPA CITY SCIENCE INHS | ENHANCED SCIENCE 8 REVIEWER | DIVISION SCIENCE CAMP | PATRICIA CLAIRE V. CUETO 29. What is the term for the maximum amount of 12. What is the main reproductive organ in solute that can dissolve in a given amount of females? solvent at a specific temperature? Ovaries. Solubility. 13. What is the process by which sperm and egg 30. What type of solution contains more solute cells unite? than it can theoretically hold at a given Fertilization. temperature? 14. What is the term for the release of an egg from Supersaturated solution. the ovary? Ovulation. QUARTER 4: BIOLOGY 15. What structure provides nourishment and oxygen to a developing fetus? MODULE 1: Cells Placenta. 1. What is the basic unit of life? MODULE 4: Heredity and Genetics The cell. 16. Who is known as the father of genetics? 2. What is the part of the cell that controls its Gregor Mendel. activities? 17. What are the units of heredity? The nucleus. Genes. 3. What organelle is responsible for producing 18. What is the term for the physical expression energy in the form of ATP? of a trait? Mitochondria. Phenotype. 4. What is the difference between a plant cell and 19. What do you call an organism that has two an animal cell? identical alleles for a trait? Plant cells have a cell wall and chloroplasts, while Homozygous. animal cells do not. 20. What is the diagram used to predict the 5. What is the process by which water moves outcome of a genetic cross? across a semipermeable membrane? Punnett square. Osmosis. MODULE 5: Ecosystems MODULE 2: Levels of Organization 21. What is the term for all the living and nonliving 6. Arrange the levels of biological organization components in an environment? in order from simplest to most complex. Ecosystem. Cell → Tissue → Organ → Organ system → Organism. 22. What do you call organisms that make their own food through photosynthesis? 7. What type of tissue is responsible for Producers. transporting water and nutrients in plants? Vascular tissue. 23. What is the role of decomposers in an ecosystem? 8. What organ system is responsible for To break down dead organisms and recycle transporting oxygen and nutrients to body nutrients. cells? The circulatory system. 24. What type of relationship benefits both organisms involved? 9. Which organ system is responsible for Mutualism. removing waste products from the body? The excretory system. 25. What is the flow of energy in a food chain? Sun → Producers → Consumers → 10. What is the main function of the nervous Decomposers. system? To control and coordinate body activities. MODULE 6: Biodiversity and Conservation MODULE 3: Reproductive System 26. What is biodiversity? The variety of life in an area. 11. What is the main reproductive organ in males? 27. Why is biodiversity important? Testes. It ensures ecosystem stability and provides resources for humans. Page 4 of 5 LIPA CITY SCIENCE INHS | ENHANCED SCIENCE 8 REVIEWER | DIVISION SCIENCE CAMP | PATRICIA CLAIRE V. CUETO 28. What is the main cause of biodiversity loss? Habitat destruction. 29. What do you call the natural process by which species disappear from the planet? Extinction. 30. What is one way to help conserve biodiversity? Protecting habitats and creating wildlife reserves. Page 5 of 5