Research Day 3_Part2.pdf

Nursing Research 1 At the end of the session, students are expected to: identify the steps in conducting literature review differentiate primary and secondary source of data undestand the ethical guidelines in research Literature Review What is the purpose of literature review?  Literature r...

Nursing Research 1 At the end of the session, students are expected to: identify the steps in conducting literature review differentiate primary and secondary source of data undestand the ethical guidelines in research Literature Review What is the purpose of literature review?  Literature review collection of pertinent readings, published or unpublished data- based research reports or articles, in local or an organized critique of the important scholarly literature that supports the study Literature review describes the current knowledge of a problem, the gaps in knowledge base and its contribution on the development of new knowledge for the particular problem Literature review should be summarized by topic rather than as a “running” bibliography(compared and synthesized) Literature review It presents a strong knowledge base for the conduct of research. Purposes of literature review Purposes of literature review What are the steps in conducting literature review? 1 2 3 4 5 6 Sources of data Sources of data/ information 1. Primary sources - information and data for the review are taken directly from the original research or author of the reference material, peer- reviewed and published research journals and articles reported by the nurse researcher Primary sources 2. Secondary sources – materials taken from a researcher or an author who cited the original author in his work; include comments and summaries of multiple literature or research studies on one topic Secondary sources How to cite literature APA style single author Two authors More than two authors Book by other authors (print sources) Internet or online electronic bases Book with One Author: Reference List: Brader, T. (2006). Campaigning for hearts and minds: How emotional appeals in political ads work. University of Chicago Press. In-text: (Brader, 2006) Literature review is... not a mere collection of quotation not a series of summaries or abstracts It is a well-organized discussion of the variables under study  ETHICO –LEGAL CONSIDERATIONS IN NURSING RESEARCH Why do we need to follow ethical guidelines in conducting nursing research? Code of Ethics – principles and expectations governing the behavior of individual and organization Ethical research – refers to the “rules of conduct in preserving human life” -make sure that participation in studies is voluntary, informed, and safe for research subjects Basis for Ethical Standards 1. Nuremberg Code (1949) Done due to the sadistic treatment of subject by Nazi experimenters Basis for Ethical Standards 1. Nuremberg Code (1949) – - code states the essential requirements of research such as voluntary consent, withdrawal od subject from study, protection of subject from physical, and mental suffering, injury disability and death, balance of benefits and risks 2. Belmont Report – covers the three (3) principles in research: the principles of respect to persons, beneficence and justice - a report created by the National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Science 3. Code of Ethics for Nurses - is a guide for action based on social values and needs The Philippine National Health Research System Act of 2013 (RA 10532) DOST, DOH, CHED and UP Manila “improving the health status, productivity and quality of life of Filipinos by (a) ensuring that health research is linked to the health system needs The Philippine National Health Research System Act of 2013 (RA 10532) (b) ensuring that investments in health research yield the most benefit; (c) promoting good governance among health research organizations through efficient, effective, transparent and ethical health research management system The Philippine National Health Research System Act of 2013 (RA 10532) (d) engaging in national and international partnerships and networks for health research development and (d) ensuring sustainability of resources for health research  Ethical Principles and Guidelines for Research Informed consent Beneficence and non- maleficence Respect for Human dignity Justice and Fairness 1. Informed Consent participants must fully informed about the nature of research, it’s purpose and potential risks and benefits essential mechanism to ensure that basic principles are observed when research involved human subjects 2. Beneficence “To do good.” Non- maleficence “Do no harm. a. The right to protection from harm and discomfort Participants must not be subjected to unnecessary risks of harm or discomfort and their participation in research must be essential to achieving scientifically and societally important aims that could not ot herwise be realized. b. The right to protection from exploitation Participants should not be placed at a disadvantage or expose them to situations for which they have not been prepared. 3. Respect for human dignity “Am I going to participate?” 3.1 Right to self-determination right to decide voluntarily right to ask questions , to refuse to give information or to withdraw from study. freedom from coercion (implicit threats of penalty for failing to participate in the study or excessive rewards from agreeing to participate 3.2 The right to full disclosure full description of the nature of the study, the person’s right to refuse participation, the researcher’s responsibilities, and the likely risks and benefits that would be incurred. Deception and concealment must be avoided 4. Justice “To be just is to be fair” 4.1 The right to fair treatment selection of study participants should be based on research requirements and not on the vulnerability or compromised position of certain people. sensitivity to and respect for the beliefs, habits and lifestyles of people from different cultures courteous and tactful treatment at all times.  Task You will read a thesis and determine the ethical principles and guidelines used in the study. Reflection time I am happy because I learned about I am a little confused about