Purposive Communication Prelim PDF

Purposive Communication and memos, among others. Week 1 Decoding - the process of interpreting an encoded message What is Language? Receiver - the recipient of t...

Purposive Communication and memos, among others. Week 1 Decoding - the process of interpreting an encoded message What is Language? Receiver - the recipient of the message Together with the creation of human life is Feedback - the reactions or responses the creation of a wonderful and dynamic of the receiver to the message from the human capacity called language. sender. Context - the situation or environment Basic Terminologies Related to Language in which communication takes place. 1. Speech Community ‒ people sharing the Barriers - the factors which may same set of rules in the language system. affect the communication process. 2. Language Acquisition ‒ the process of acquiring languages used by those in the Communication can be in the form of community. written, verbal, non-verbal and visuals. 3. Mother Tongue ‒ the language acquired Written communication involves texts while growing up and can also be referred or words encoded and transmitted through to as first languages. memos, letters, reports, on-line chat, 4. Language Learning ‒ languages short message service or SMS, electronic learned by studying formally in school or mail or e-mail, journals and other written informally on their own. documents. Verbal communication involves an What is Communication? exchange of information through faceto- It is defined as the exchange of thoughts, face, audio and/or video call or ideas, concepts, and views between among conferencing, lectures, meetings, radio, two or more people with which various and television. contexts come into play. Non-verbal communication involves the use of the following to convey or emphasize Classification of Communication a message of information. 1.Communication Mode A. Voice - this includes the tone, speech 2. Context rate, pitch, pauses and volume. 3. Purpose and Style B. Body language - this includes facial expressions, gestures, postures, and eye The communication process involves contact. elements such as source, message, C. Personal space or distance - this encoding, channel, decoding, receiver, refers to an area of space and distance feedback, context, and barrier. that a person from a different culture, Source - the speaker or sender of a personality, age, sex, and status adopts message and puts for another person Message - the information or ideas D. Personal appearance - refers to how from the source or speaker a person presents himself/herself to a Encoding - the process of transferring particular situation, whether formal or the message informal. Channel - the means to deliver a Visuals involve the use of images, message such as face-to-face graphs, charts, logos, and maps conversations, telephone calls, e-mails, Intended Communication refers to and reconciles differences. planning what and how you communicate Globalization refers to the integration of your ideas to other people who are older cultural, political, economic, and than you are or who occupy a higher technological aspects across countries, social or professional position such as making them interconnected and your parents, teachers, and supervisors. interdependent. Unintended communication happens when Companies from countries like the U.S., you unintentionally send non-verbal Japan, and the Philippines have expanded messages to people you are globally. Globalization has also made communicating with, or when you suddenly communication and business interactions make negative remarks out of faster and easier, often through online frustration or anger. platforms like email and social media. In this context, effective communication is Communication Ethics crucial for students and workers to Uphold integrity. interact with diverse people. Respect diversity of perspective and privacy. How to Communicate Effectively in a Observe freedom of expression Global Society effectively. 1. Express your ideas effectively in verbal, Promote access to information. non-verbal, and written forms in either Be open-minded. digital or non-digital environment or both. Develop your sense of accountability. 2. Use effective listening skills to evaluate arguments and rationalize judgments, and GUIDELINES FOR EFFECTIVE improve job-effectiveness and work COMMUNICATION relationship. Effective communication plays a crucial 3. Communicate with purpose to a variety role in your personal and professional of audiences. success. Below are some guidelines for 4. Promote collaboration and cooperation effective communication: with others. ◼ Be clear with your purpose 5. Understand the concept of diversity and ◼ Support your message with facts promote respect all the time. ◼ Be concise 6. Use technology and social media ◼ Provide specific information in your responsibly feedback ◼ Adjust to the needs, interests, values, General Guidelines for Communicating in a and beliefs of your audience Multicultural Context ◼ Observe communication ethics Avoid asking inappropriate or personal ◼ Be your natural self and appear very questions. confident. Avoid stereotyping or generalizing certain groups. Keep an open mind and be Week 2 flexible. Communication is essential for personal Avoid using jargons, clichés, highfalutin and professional success as it fosters terms, technical terms, acronyms, and strong relationships, enhances work gender-biased language. environments, promotes collaboration, Be sensitive, polite, tactful, and respectful at all times particularly in pronouns. relation to cultural practices, attitudes, c. Use either/or pronouns (he/she, his/her, and beliefs. Learn and understand the his/hers). However, avoid putting men first value of diversity. all the time. Develop intercultural communication d. Use second person pronoun (you, your) skills. over third person pronoun (he, she). Be Eliminate gender-biased words or careful not to change the meaning of the sexist language particularly in writing. statement. Request him/her to repeat the message e. Use appropriate titles or simplify it in case you do not understand the message conveyed by the person you Week 3 are communicating with. Varieties of English or otherwise known as Learn and observe physical distance or World Englishes stands for the localized space in dealing with other people. In some varieties of English as they are used or cultures, shaking hands and hugging may spoken in certain areas. Braj Kachru not be appropriate. introduced the famous “Three Concentric Listen attentively when others are Circles of Asian Englishes” which can be speaking. illustrated below Observe patience in listening to other people’s ideas, which may not be the same as yours. Pay attention to your non-verbal communication. Learn non-verbal cues of other cultures. Respect a person’s right to confidentiality and privacy Show consideration. Speak gently and politely. Stay calm, cool, and composed when you make a mistake or feel embarrassed by others. Make positive interpretations of the LANGUAGE REGISTERS/REGISTERS OF actions and words of other people. ENGLISH When you feel strange or “variety of language defined according to uncomfortable about something being its use in social situations e.g. a register of communicated by other people, request scientific, religious, formal English. them to clarify their meanings and (p.409).” Register can be understood as intentions before you express your the context-specific variety of language emotions and ideas. to which the field -mode-tenor framework is important. WAYS TO AVOID GENDER-BIASED Field - the social setting and the LANGUAGE communicative purpose in which the text is a. Substitute gender-biased pronouns with produced. articles/determiner. Mode - refers to how the text is b.. Use plural nouns instead of singular constructed, particularly whether it is written or spoken. Text Tenor - the relationship between the When evaluating a text, it's important to author and the audience. consider the following aspects: Week 4 1. Source: Identify the source, when the Evaluation of Texts and Images in text was published, and assess its Multicultural Contexts usefulness, relevance, and reliability. With the advent of technology, nowadays, 2. Context: Analyze the context of the text most of the information that we come and any information that provides across is unfiltered making its authenticity, background or contextual understanding. validity, and reliability questionable. 3. Contents: Examine the message, its (Barrot & Sipacio, 2018). With this, a purpose, supporting facts, how it's competent communicator needs to conveyed, the tone, and the language used. evaluate messages and images effectively Consider how the text may affect its and one way to do this is through critical audience. reading. 4. Audience: Identify the target audience based on information provided. Critical reading involves closely examining 5. Author: Consider the author's identity, and evaluating a text for its relevance, credentials, and the purpose behind validity, and logic. The aim is to writing the text. understand the message, purpose, target audience, and methods of presentation. These questions help evaluate the credibility and impact of the text. According to Barrot and Sipacio (2018), a critical reader: General Guide Questions in Evaluating - Annotates the text using notes. Images - Analyzes the organizational pattern When evaluating images for research or (e.g., compare-contrast, cause-effect). presentations, it's important to assess - Asks critical questions to encourage their quality, reliability, and deeper analysis. appropriateness, just as you would with - Considers the cultural and historical other sources like articles or books context. (University of Washington, 2019). Key - Distinguishes between facts and areas for evaluation include: opinions. - Evaluates the author’s credibility and 1. Source: Identify the origin of the background. image, how you found it, and - Assesses the source of the text or image. whether the source is reliable. - Looks beyond explicit statements to 2. Context: Determine the infer hidden ideas or biases. accompanying information and if it - Previews key sections (titles, summaries) provides appropriate context. to assess relevance. 3. Contents: Analyze the content of - Reads with specific questions in mind. the image, its presentation, clarity - Maintains an open-minded approach. of its message, supporting elements, and emotional impact. General Guide Questions in Evaluating a  4. Audience: Consider the target audience based on the information provided. 5. Author: Evaluate the author’s identity, credentials, and purpose for creating the image. 6. Visual: Examine the layout, design, and colors, including the background and foreground. 7. Technical Quality: Assess the color, size, overall quality, and whether the image is copyrighted. These criteria guide critical analysis to ensure that images used in research are reliable and meaningful.