Purposive Communication.pdf

Purposive Communication WEEK 1 Together with the creation of human life is the creation of a wonderful and dynamic human capacity - language. ex.g. animals communicating ONLY HUMAN BEINGS ARE TRULY CAPABLE OF PRODUCING LANGUAGE pandemonium - next level of chaos Linguists agree that language can...

Purposive Communication WEEK 1 Together with the creation of human life is the creation of a wonderful and dynamic human capacity - language. ex.g. animals communicating ONLY HUMAN BEINGS ARE TRULY CAPABLE OF PRODUCING LANGUAGE pandemonium - next level of chaos Linguists agree that language can only be called language if it has a system of rules (also known as grammar), a sound system (phonology), and vocabulary (lexicon). Speech community - share the same set of rules in the language system Language Acquisition- language acquired growing up in a community. The language acquired while growing up is called mother tongue, also referred to as first language. Second language - a language people learn or discover later. Language Learning - process of learning second languages. Language contact - two languages engaged resulting in a new form of language or language change. ex.g. Singaporean English — Malaysian English Language change - the result of language contact. (Creation of new (language) kasi napagsama na yung language of both) WEEK 2 Communication is a process of exchanging information, ideas, thoughts, feelings, emotions through speech, signals, writing, behavior. Communication - Definition The process by which people exchange information or express their thoughts and feelings. Context is the circumstance or environment in which communication styles take place. It may include the physical or actual setting, the value positions of a speaker/listener, and the relevance or appropriateness of a message conveyed. Communication classified according to: - Verbal (Keep it short and simple) - Non- verbal (Oral-where you can get feedback, gestures, facial expression; or Written) - Visual Types of communication according to context: - Intrapersonal (talking to oneself) - Interpersonal (talking to other person) - Extended (Use of electronic media)  - Organization (happened in the workplace)(system, role that communication plays in organization context) - Intercultural (cultural background) ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE: ➔ Formal ◆ 4 APPROACHES Downward- Flow of communication from upper to lower position Upward- from employee (lower) to top management (upper) Horizontal- if they are in the same position Crosswise- communication from different units of department working together ➔ Informal Grapevine - rumors, social interaction Organizational Culture is a kind of behavior that employees should possess as well as the extent of commitment expected from them by the organization. Intercultural Communication is the communication between or among people having different linguistic, religious, ethnic, social, and professional backgrounds. According to purpose and style (Org. structure) - Formal communication - employs formal language delivered orally or in written form - lectures, public talks/speeches, research and project proposals, reports, and business letters, among others - Informal communication - involves personal and ordinary conversation with friends, family members, or acquaintance - the purpose it simply to socialize and enhance relationship - it does not employ formal language Week 3 COMMUNICATION CHANNEL The channel or medium used to communicate a message affects how the audience will receive the message. Communication channels can refer to the methods we use to communicate and the specific tools we employ in the communication process. Communication Channels Communication channels can be categorized into three principal channels: (1) verbal, (2) written, and (3) non-verbal. Verbal Communication When we think of communication, we often imagine two or more people speaking to each other. This is the most significant aspect of verbal communication: speaking and listening. The source uses words to code the information and speaks to the receiver, who then decodes the words for understanding and meaning. Tone One element of verbal communication is tone. A different tone can change the perceived meaning of a message. Non-Verbal Communication Our facial muscles convey our emotions. We can send a silent message without saying a word. A change in facial expression can change our emotional state. Written In contrast to verbal communications, written professional communications are textual messages. Examples of written communications include memos, proposals, emails, letters, training manuals, and operating policies. Digital Communication Channel The three principal communication channels can be used "in the flesh" and digital formats. Digital channels extend from face-to-face to video conferencing, from written memos to emails, and from speaking in person to using telephones. Information Richness Information richness refers to the amount of sensory input available during communication. For example, speaking to a colleague in a monotone voice with no change in pacing or gestures does not make for a vibrant experience. The key to effective communication is to match the communication channel with the goal of the message (Barry and Fulmer, 2004). A. Components B. Process of Communication  C. Principles of Communication 1. It is an interaction situation wherein the participants are affected by each one’s behavior. 2. One does communicate. 3. The message received is not necessarily the message sent. 4. Communication occurs simultaneously at more than one level. GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION Since communication is a two-way process, it is important that you know the principles to be observed to make it effective. For both oral and written communication, you should be able to apply the following principles: 1. Know your purpose in communicating.  2. Know your audience 3. Know your topic. 4. Adjust your speech or writing to the context of the situation. 5. Work on the feedback given you. PRINCIPLES OF EFFECTIVE ORAL COMMUNICATION 1. Be clear with your purpose. 2. Be complete with the message you deliver. 3. Be concise. 4. Be natural with your delivery. 5. Be specific and timely with your feedback. PRINCIPLES OF EFFECTIVE WRITTEN COMMUNICATION 1. Be clear. 2. Be concise. 3. Be concrete. 4. Be correct. 5. Be coherent. 6. Be complete. 7. Be courteous. D. Ethics of Communication: Straight Talk and Nonviolent Communication 1. Seek to elicit the best in communication and interaction with other group members; 2. Listen when others speak; 3. Speak non-judgmentally; 4. Speak from your own experience and perspective, expressing your own thoughts, needs, and feelings; 5. Seek to understand others; 6. Avoid speaking for others; 7. Manage your own personal boundaries. Share only what you are comfortable sharing; 8. Respect the personal boundaries of others. 9. Avoid interrupting and side conversations. 10. Make sure that everyone has time to speak. Communication ethics emphasizes that morals influence the behavior of an individual, group, or organization thereby affecting their communication. Be guided and observed code of ethics as it determines the kind of behavior that is proper and desirable over one that is displeasing and offensive. A code of ethics sets the standards to be observed by a person or a company that will create a good reputation or a positive image not only for an individual but also for the organization. Communication Models “The art of communication is. The language of leadership” - James Humes -To help you understand how the process works and knowing the flow of communication will enable you to make the communication better. 4 Human Communication Aristotle’s Model ○ Speaker ○ Speech ○ Audience Laswell’s Model (Harold Dwight Laswell,1948) ○ Who (sender or communicator) ○ Says what (Message) ○ Channel (Medium or Media) ○ To whom (Receiver) ○ With what effect (feedback) Shannon - Weaver’s Models ○ Sender (Information source) ○ Encoder (Transmitter) ○ Channel ~ Noise ○ Decoder (Reception) ○ Receiver (destination)  David Berlo’s Communication Model (David Berlo, 1960)