PSYC2017 Personality and Social Psychology Lectures 1-9 PDF

PSYC2017 Personality and Social Psychology Lectures 1-9 Overview ques ons The answers to these ques ons can be found in the lecture notes (and expanded on in lecture recordings). The ques ons indicate the key learning outcomes of the first nine lectures. If you are uncertain about anything, please em...

PSYC2017 Personality and Social Psychology Lectures 1-9 Overview ques ons The answers to these ques ons can be found in the lecture notes (and expanded on in lecture recordings). The ques ons indicate the key learning outcomes of the first nine lectures. If you are uncertain about anything, please email [email protected]. These ques ons address the lecture content in the sequence it appears in the slides. There are some comments explicitly indica ng, for clarity, what you do and do not need to know for the final exam, but if you find a concept men oned in the slides but not addressed in this document, you are not required to know it for the final exam. Lecture 1 What is psychometrics? What is a psychological test/instrument and why are they important? How can psychological measurement be defined? What are some assump ons of psychological instruments? What are some limita ons of psychological instruments? What is sampling? What are some proper es of samples? How can psychological instruments be scored? What are some concerns regarding the interpreta on of results from psychological instruments? What is standardisa on and why do we do it? What are norma ve scores and how are they useful? What are some examples of methods for standardising scores? Lecture 2 How is validity defined? What is construct validity? What does opera onalisa on mean? What is convergent validity? What is discriminant validity? What is criterion-related validity? What are internal and external validity? What is ecological validity? How do experimental and naturalis c designs differ in their internal and external validity? What is content validity? What are floor/ceiling effects? What are some problems with validity? Lecture 3 How is reliability defined? What is classical test theory (in words and symbols)? How can a reliability coefficient be expressed conceptually (in words and symbols)? What are some issues with the concept of true scores? What are some issues with the concept of random error? What are some other issues with classical test theory? What are the two broad sources of measurement error, and what are the more specific issues within these broad sources? What is internal consistency? How is Cronbach’s alpha coefficient interpreted? (You do not need to memorise the formula.) What is test-retest reliability, and what are some issues with it? What is inter-rater reliability and how is it commonly measured? What is the standard error of measurement and how is it useful? (You do not need to memorise the formula.) Lecture 4 What is factor analysis? What is the difference between latent and manifest variables? What is the difference between factor analysis and principal components analysis? What are the two different func ons of factor/principal components analysis? What is a factor? What is a factor loading? What is the difference between exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis? What are orthogonal factors? What are oblique factors? What is the factorability of a set of items? What is simple structure? What is rota on in factor analysis and what is its purpose? What are the two broad types of rota on in factor analysis? What methods can be used for determining the number of factors to retain in a factor analysis? (You do not need to know what an eigenvalue is, only how it is used in factor reten on.) What is personality profiling? What is psychobiography? Lecture 5 What are the main premises of trait theory? What is the generally-accepted defini on of personality? What is the generally-accepted defini on of a trait? What are the four main assump ons about traits? What is the difference between a trait and a state? How is temperament defined? What are three common assump ons of measuring personality traits? Lecture 6 What are the important elements of Allport’s defini on of personality? What was Allport’s view of the ontological status of personality, e.g., real or abstract? What are the idiographic and nomothe c approaches to personality? What is Allport’s defini on of a trait? What does it mean for s muli to be func onally equivalent? According to Allport, what are the three types of trait and how is each defined? What is the difference between common and individual traits? What is Allport’s proprium and how does it develop? (You do not need to be able to name each stage of propriate development or what age each is associated with.) What is Allport’s concept of func onal autonomy? What is the difference between persevera ve and propriate func onal autonomy? What are the posi ve and nega ves of Allport’s theory of personality? Lecture 7 What is Ca ell’s defini on of personality? What is Ca ell’s defini on of a trait? What is the difference between cons tu onal and environmental-mold traits, and which of these did Ca ell think was important? What are Ca ell’s three classes of traits and how do they differ from each other? What are ergs and metaergs? What are the two types of metaerg, and what it the name given to how they are hierarchically related to each other and to ergs? What is the dynamic la ce? What is the difference between surface traits and source traits? What is Ca ell’s specifica on equa on (in both words and symbols)? According to Ca ell, how does personality develop over the lifespan? (You do not need to be able to describe each stage.) What is the lexical approach to personality and what are its main assump ons? What are the four sources of personality data that Ca ell proposed? What domain structure did Ca ell propose for personality? (You do not need to be able to name each domain.) What are the posi ve and nega ves of Ca ell’s theory of personality? Lecture 8 What did several studies that tried to replicate Ca ell’s personality dimensions find? What are some possible reasons for the discrepancies between Ca ell’s results and others’ results? What did Fiske iden fy as the five dimensions of personality? (You do need to remember their names.) What did Goldberg and colleagues label the five dimensions of personality, and how do they correspond to Fiske’s dimensions? (You do need to remember their names.) What dimensions did Costa and McRae ini ally iden fy, and what dimensions did they subsequently add to their model? (You do need to remember their names.) In the early formula on of the Big 5, what was the proposed rela on between the five factors? In what sense does the Big 5 have a hierarchical arrangement? What is neuro cism? (For this and the next four ques ons, you do not need to be able to name specific facets, behavioural correlates, or heritability indices, but you should be able to match them to factors iden fied by Fiske and Goldberg et al.) What is extraversion? What is agreeableness? What is conscien ousness? What is openness? Lecture 9 What are the emic and e c approaches to determining personality dimensions, and which approach has nearly all personality research to date employed? What are some of the posi ve psychometric proper es that have been consistently observed for the Big 5? What are some of the ways in which Big 5 ques onnaire data can be used for clinical or criminal profiling? What is the Abridged Big Five-Dimensional Circumplex model, and what primary limita on of standard Big 5 assessment does it address? What are the dimensions iden fied in Ashton and Lee’s Big 6? (You do need to remember their names.) What are the Big 2 dimensions, as iden fied by Digman, and how are they described by De Young and colleagues? (You do need to remember their names.) What are the posi ve and nega ves of the lexical approach to personality in general?