PRELIM LECTURE SLIDES Human Behavior in Organization.docx

Summary of Human Behavior in Organization **Module for MGT 103 Human Behavior in Organization** **Or ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR** Compiled by: Oliver Daniel J. Vicente, LPT, MBM DISCLAIMER AND FAIR USE STATEMENT This module does not intend to infringe on any copyright claims and is solely for acad...

Summary of Human Behavior in Organization **Module for MGT 103 Human Behavior in Organization** **Or ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR** Compiled by: Oliver Daniel J. Vicente, LPT, MBM DISCLAIMER AND FAIR USE STATEMENT This module does not intend to infringe on any copyright claims and is solely for academic purposes of MSU -- Naawan, its faculty and its students. **[Course Description]** This course teaches students individual and group behavior in organizations. Students develop an understanding of how organizations can be managed more effectively. Course content includes motivation, group dynamics, conflict resolution, goal setting and rewards, job design, work stress, power/politics, and organizational change and development. **[Unit Competencies (UC) ]  ** By the end of the course, the student should be able to: 1. 2. 3. 4. Improve the following skills: communication, behavioral, interpersonal, negotiation, problem and leadership skills.  **WHAT IS HUMAN BEHAVIOR?** Human behavior refers to **the way humans act and interact**. It is based on and influenced by several factors, such as genetic make-up, culture and individual values and attitudes. **WHAT IS ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR?** Organizational behavior (OB) is the study of how individuals, groups, and organizations interact and influence one another. Though it is largely used within the field of business management as means to understand--and more effectively manage--groups of people. **What are the 4 types of human behavior?**  A study on human behavior has revealed that 90% of the population can be classified into four basic personality types: **Optimistic, Pessimistic, Trusting and Envious**. **HUMAN RELATIONS APROACH**  Taylor\'s philosophy focused on the belief that making people work as hard as they could was not as efficient as optimizing the way the work was done. In 1909, Taylor published \"The Principles of Scientific Management.\" \[1\] In this, he proposed that by optimizing and simplifying jobs, productivity would increase. The Hawthorne effect is a phenomenon observed as a result of an experiment conducted by Elton Mayo. In an experiment intended to measure how a work environment impacts worker productivity, Mayo\'s researchers noted that workers productivity increased not from changes in environment, but when being watched.  The human relations movement is when an organization decides to study the behavioral characteristics of workers, particularly in groups in their workplace and focuses on what motivates each employee to be more productive in the office setting. **PERSONALITY THEORIES** Freudian motivation theory posits that unconscious psychological forces, such as hidden desires and motives, shape an individual\'s behavior, like their purchasing patterns. This theory was developed by Sigmund Freud who, in addition to being a medical doctor, is synonymous with the field of psychoanalysis.  Within behaviorism, Watson specialized in child development, arguing that a child\'s environment is the factor that shapes behaviors over their genetic makeup or natural temperament. His work has been very influential on psychologists like B.F. SKINNER  Behavior modification is a type of behavior therapy. B. F. Skinner demonstrated that behavior could be shaped through reinforcement and/or punishment. Skinner noted that a reinforcer is a consequence that increases the likelihood of behavior to recur, while punishment is a consequence that decreases the chance. People ------ People make up the internal social system of the organization. That system consists of individuals and groups, and groups may be large and small, formal and informal. [[Groups are dynamic]](https://www.iedunote.com/group). Structure --------- The structure defines the formal relationship and use of people in the organization. There are managers, employees, and accounts assemblers to accomplish different kinds of activities. Technology ---------- Technology provides the resources with which people work and affects their tasks. They cannot accomplish work with their bare hands. Environment ----------- All organizations operate within an [[internal and external environment]](https://www.iedunote.com/organizational-environment-elements). A single organization does not exist alone. Human behaviour in Organization Definition: Organizational behavior is the study of human behavior in an organizational setting. This includes how individuals interact with each other in addition to how individuals interact with the organization itself. Organizational behavior is a critical part of human resources, though it is embedded across a company.   **II. INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES**  Individual differences are the more-or-less enduring psychological characteristics that distinguish one person from another and thus help to define each person\'s individuality. Among the most important kinds of individual differences are intelligence, personality traits, and values. Why is individual differences important? The study of individual differences complements the search for general principles by investigating how people differ from one another. Investigators of individual differences attempt to measure, predict, modify, and understand the causal influences on traits that are relatively stable over time and across situations.              \      ============================================================================ PRELIM