Physical Self PDF

PHYSICAL SELF Understanding the Self Part 1: Concepts of culture, body image, and factors that are contributory to shaping the self Part 2: Biological concept of Physical Self. Part 3: The concept of Physical Self in Psychology. Part 4: Activity When I look in the mirror, I see _______...

PHYSICAL SELF Understanding the Self Part 1: Concepts of culture, body image, and factors that are contributory to shaping the self Part 2: Biological concept of Physical Self. Part 3: The concept of Physical Self in Psychology. Part 4: Activity When I look in the mirror, I see __________________________ Physical Self  Introduction Your SDG progress report can start with a brief review of your organization's alignment to the Global Goals. It can include the social responsibility and business case for taking action on the SDGs. My body tells a storyCreating of________________________ a good SDG progress report means being transparent with your audience. Back up your claims with relevant data. Keep your sentences concise when necessary, but dive into detail when it comes to qualitative and quantitative evidence. Remember: this report is a combination of understanding how your mission aligns with global sustainability efforts, and communicating that clearly with the rest of the world. Your Agency or Department Name | SDG Progress Report 2025 I find beauty in ____________________________________  I wish my body could__________________________________ Physical Self  I am most pride of my___________________________________ Physical Self  PHYSICAL SELF "Physical Self," which refers to our bodies as essential parts of who we are. Our bodies are seen as intricate machines that connect us to the world and others. They are tangible and observable aspects of our being.  PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT Fertilization or conception-is the process by which, sperm and ovum- the male and female gametes or sex cells - combine to create a single called zygote, which then duplicates itself again and again by cell division to produce all the cells that make up a baby. STAGES OF PRENATAL DEVELOPMENT Prenatal development takes place in three stages: germinal, embryonic, and fetal.During these three stages of gestation, the original single-celled zygote grows into an embryo and then a fetus Germinal Stage (Fertilization to 2 Weeks) During the germinal stage, from fertilization to about 2 weeks of gestational age, the zygote divides, becomes more complex, and is implanted in the wall of the uterus. Embryonic Stage (2 to 8 Weeks) During the embryonic stage, from about 2 to 8 weeks, the organs and major body systems— respiratory, digestive, and nervous—develop rapidly. This process is known as organogenesis. This is a critical period, when the embryo is most vulnerable to destructive influences in the prenatal environment. Any organ system or structure that is still developing at the time of exposure is most likely to be affected. A spontaneous abortion, commonly called a miscarriage, is the expulsion from the uterus of an embryo or fetus that is unable to survive outside the womb. Males are more likely than females to be spontaneously aborted or to be stillborn (dead at or after the 20th week of gestation).. Fetal Stage (8 Weeks to Birth) The appearance of the fi rst bone cells at about 8 weeks signals the beginning of the fetal stage, the final stage of gestation. During this period, the fetus grows rapidly to about 20 times its previous length, and organs and body systems become more complex. Right up to birth, “finishing touches” such as fingernails, toenails, and eyelids continue to develop.  WHAT DETERMINES SEX? In many villages in Nepal, it is common for a man whose wife has borne no male babies to take a second wife. In some societies, a woman’s failure to produce sons is justification for divorce. The irony of these customs is that it is the father’s sperm that genetically determines a child’s sex. At the moment of conception, the 23 chromosomes from the sperm and the 23 from the ovum form 23 pairs. Twenty-two pairs are autosomes, chromosomes that are not related to sexual expression. The twenty-third pair are sex chromosomes —one from the father and one from the mother—that govern the baby’s sex.  THEORIES OF PHYSICAL SELF How different psychological theories view the relationship between the body and the mind, emphasizing that our physical existence plays a crucial role in our experiences and identity. Reference: Singh. (n.d.).The concept of Physical Self in Psychology. Retrieved August 2020 from www.all-about-psychology.com/the-concept-of-physical-self-in-psychology.html  William James James considered the body as integral to our experiences and sense of self. He believed that the body is not separate from the mind but influences our thoughts, emotions, and behaviors. He considered body as the initial source of sensation and necessary for the origin and maintenance of personality. However, James considered body subservient to the mind, for e.g., mental concentration can be so tightly focused as not only to banish ordinary sensations, but even the severest pain. For James the body is an expressive tool of indwelling consciousness and good physical health is something that wells up from the every part of the body of a muscularly well trained human being, and soaks the indwelling soul in him with satisfaction. It is an element of spiritual hygiene of supreme significance. (James, 1899. p. 103) I  Sigmund Freud's Theory Freud viewed the physical body as central to human experience. He emphasized the ego as a "body ego," suggesting that our physical experiences and sensations are foundational to our psychological development. Freud proposed that personality forms through unconscious childhood conflicts between the inborn urges of the id and the requirements of civilized life. These conflicts occur in a sequence of five stages of psychosexual development. At each stage, the behavior that is the chief source of gratification (or frustration) changes—from feeding to elimination and eventually to sexual activity. Babies whose needs are not met during the oral stage, when feeding is the main source of pleasure, may grow up to become nail-biters or smokers. A person who, as a toddler, had too-strict toilet training may be fixated at the anal stage, and be obsessively clean, rigidly tied to schedules and routines, or defiantly messy. According to Freud, a key event in psychosexual development occurs in the phallic stage of early childhood. Boys develop sexual attachment to their mothers, and girls to their fathers, and they have aggressive urges toward the same-sex parent, whom they regard as a rival. Freud called these developments the Oedipus and Electra complexes. Children eventually resolve their anxiety over these feelings by identifying with the same-sex parent and move into the latency stage of middle childhood, a period of relative emotional calm and intellectual and social exploration. They redirect their sexual energies into other pursuits, such as schoolwork, relationships, and hobbies. The genital stage, the final stage, lasts throughout adulthood. The sexual urges expressed during latency now resurface to flow in socially approved channels, which Freud defined as heterosexual relations with persons outside the family of origin. Freud proposed that personality forms through unconscious childhood conflicts between the inborn urges of the id and the requirements of civilized life These conflicts occur in a sequence of five stages of psychosexual development.  Wilhelm Reich Reich, a follower of Freud, focused on the concept of libido and the body's role in storing and channeling bioenergy. He argued that psychological processes are intertwined with physical processes, highlighting the importance of the body in psychological functioning. Wilhelm Reich was an Austrian psychoanalyst who developed the theory of the physical self, which he called "body armoring." Reich believed that emotional and psychological experiences could become trapped in the body, leading to physical tension and muscular rigidity. He argued that this body armoring was a way for individuals to defend against emotional pain and trauma. Reich's theory of the physical self posited that releasing this body armoring through techniques such as massage, breathing exercises, and psychotherapy could help individuals to access and process repressed emotions, leading to greater physical and emotional well-being. Reich's work was influential in the development of body-oriented psychotherapy approaches that focus on the connection between the body and the mind in healing psychological issues.  Carl Gustav Jung Known for his work in analytical psychology, focused more on the psyche than the body. He viewed physical processes as representations in the psyche and considered the body and spirit as aspects of psychological reality The physical body and the external world can be known only as psychological experiences: I'm chiefly concerned with the psyche itself, therefore I'm leaving out body and spirit. The body and spirit are to me mere aspects of the reality of the psyche. Body is as metaphysical as the spirit.  Erik Eriksons Erikson emphasized the significance of bodily experiences in early developmental stages. He believed that physical and intellectual skills contribute to a sense of competence and play a crucial role in shaping one's identity. According to him the role of bodily organs is especially important in early developmental stages of a persons life. Later in life, the development of physical as well as intellectual skills help determine whether the individual will achieve a sense of competence and ability to choose demanding roles in a complex society. For example, healthy children derive a sense of competence as their bodies become larger, stronger, faster and more capable of learning complex skills.  B.F. Skinner's Theory a behaviorist, considered the body as the primary reality. He viewed personality and self as explanatory fictions, emphasizing the importance of observable behaviors and environmental influences. Behaviorism is a mechanistic theory that describes observed behavior as a predictable response to experience. Behaviorists consider development as reactive and continuous. They hold that human beings at all ages learn about the world the same way other organisms do: by reacting to conditions or aspects of their environment that they find pleasing, painful, or threatening. Behavioral research focuses on associative learning. Operant conditioning, sometimes called instrumental conditioning or Skinnerian conditioning, is a method of learning that uses rewards and punishment to modify behavior. Through operant conditioning, behavior that is rewarded is likely to be repeated, while behavior that is punished is prone to happen less.  Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers' Theories Maslow's Need-Hierarchy theory and Rogers' person-centered approach both touch on the role of the body in self-actualization. Maslow highlighted the importance of meeting physiological needs, while Rogers focused on physical feelings in his therapeutic work Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is a theory of psychology explaining human motivation based on the pursuit of different levels of needs. The theory states that humans are motivated to fulfill their needs in a hierarchical order. This order begins with the most basic needs before moving on to more advanced needs. The ultimate goal, according to this theory, is to reach the fifth level of the hierarchy: self-actualization. Mental Health Conditions Relating to Body Image  10 Ways to Love Your Body 1.Listen to your body. Eat when you are hungry and rest when you are tired.. 2.Change the messages you are giving yourself. Identify the negative ways that you speak to yourself and make a decision to replace that self-talk with more realistic, loving, and positive statements. 3.Throw out the bathroom scale. You are much more than a number on a scale. Instead focus on the most important things about yourself like your unique talents, qualities, skills, and characteristics. 4.Think of your body as an instrument instead of as an ornament. Be thankful every day for all of the wonderful things you can do in your body such as dance, play, run, enjoy good food, and give hugs! 5.Exercise to feel good and be healthy, not to lose weight or punish your body. Find fun ways to add more physical activity in your life, such as going for a walk with a friend.. 6. Move with your head held high. If you act like someone with a healthy body image and good self- confidence, the “act” will eventually become reality. 7. Wear comfortable clothes that fit. Clothes that are too large or too small tend to create physical discomfort and may make you feel even worse about your body. Clothes that fit you well are designed to complement your figure. Remember that you are so much more than the size you wear. 8. Question ads that perpetuate unrealistic standards for our bodies. Instead of saying, "What’s wrong with me," say, "What’s wrong with this ad?" Write the company. Set your own standards instead of letting the media set them for you. 9. Surround yourself with people who are supportive of you and your body, not critical. 10. Use strategies to love yourself. Make a list of what you like about yourself that have nothing to do with your body. Make a list of things you like about your body - your eyes, for example, or hair. Remind yourself of these lists regularly.  Group Activity: Create a 2 minute video campaign promoting body positivity.