Physical Methods PDF

PHYSICAL METHODS CHAPTER 8 Engage mind & body Develop physically, mentally & physically CHAPTER OBJECTIVES Describe what physical methods are and how they pertain to outdoor education. Explain how to apply the development of physical skills to a...

PHYSICAL METHODS CHAPTER 8 Engage mind & body Develop physically, mentally & physically CHAPTER OBJECTIVES Describe what physical methods are and how they pertain to outdoor education. Explain how to apply the development of physical skills to a topic. Demonstrate physical manipulation to teach a specific outdoor skill. Describe when and where to use games, activities, and competitions in a lesson. Present a lesson using theatrics or characterization to learn about the outdoors. Explain how initiatives are used in outdoor education. SETTINGS  PHYSICAL SKILL DEVELOPMENT Kinesthetic Hydratio Most effective of teaching method techniques Useful for physical, mental and emotional development. Principles: n Timely and Relevant Multidimensional Teaching Nutrition Techniques Use power of association (prior learning) Pacing Use repetition and practice proportion to importance Instill confidence and trust through responsibility giving and feedback  INTRODUCTION Understand student’s needs Plan teaching/learning opportunity Select appropriate time and setting Get student’s attention Establish need to learn for the student perspective PRESENTATION Unfold the learning opportunity Utilize past experiences and background of the students Develop foundational learning, then more specific learning Use effective questioning and visual or physical aids Check for understanding Develop and demonstrate interest in the subject PRACTICE OR PERFORMANCE Demonstrate Sequence of Effective Practice, Evaluate, Correct, Practice Provide Immediate Feedback Instruction Encourage Self-assessment and self correction Explicitly state standards or criteria for success OTHER PHYSICAL METHODS Physical Manipulation ACTIVITIES, GAMES AND COMPETITIONS ACTIVITIES Action oriented Enhances motivation to learn Engages mind and body Change the pace of a lesson Promote Interaction Should be used deliberately TYPES OF ACTIVITIES Games Initiatives – participants work together to accomplish an assigned task that requires problem solving and teamwork Key – everyone has fun and everyone win Deliberate to accomplish goals Competitions Challenge skill and knowledge, motivator Keep stakes low Focus on involvement and fun Supplement but not a entire lesson Risk Management mindset THEATRICS How to do theatrics: Homework on language, dress, politics, history, weather, etc. Describe character’s family background Use someone culturally relevant if possible https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JTsbe NtpA48 Ask permission Theatrics – involves portraying a character from another time period or Integrity – don’t wing it context. Dressing, talking and acting like a person Develop your character in another. Costumes and Props Why? Engages emotion and brains Stay in character Provides Motivation Captures interest and imagination Involve the audience Depth of learning Time consuming but effective approach CHALLENGE COURSE ACCT Facilitators Games, Ice-Breakers, Deinhibitizers, Partner Activities, Tag/Stretching/Name Activities, Cooperatives and Initiatives Trust Activities Low Elements High Elements PHYSICAL METHODS IN LEAVE NO TRACE Dispose of Waste Properly Pack it in. Pack it Out. Inspect your campsite and rest areas for trash or spilled foods. Pack out all trash, leftover food, and litter. Deposit solid human waste in catholes dug 6-8 inches deep at least 200 feet away from water, camp, and trails. Pack out toilet paper and hygiene products. To wash yourselves or your dishes, carry water 200 feet away from streams or lakes and use small amounts of biodegradable soap. Scatter strained dishwater. PHYSICAL METHODS IN LEAVE NO TRACE RESPECT WILDLIFE Observe wildlife from a distance. Do not follow or approach them. Never feed animals. Feeding wildlife damages their health, alters natural behaviors, and exposes them to predators and other dangers. Protect wildlife and your food by storing rations and trash securely. Control pets at all times, or leave them at home. Avoid wildlife during sensitive times: mating, nesting, raising young, or winter. PHYSICAL METHODS IN LEAVE NO TRACE Leave what you find Preserve the past: examine, but do not touch, cultural or historic structures and artifacts. Leave rocks, plants and other natural objects as find them. Avoid introducing or transporting non-native species. Do not build structures, furniture, or dig trenches. PHYSICAL METHODS IN LEAVE NO TRACE Be Considerate of Other Visitors Respect Other Visitors and protect the quality of their experience. Be courteous. Yield to other users on the trail. Step to the downhill side of a trail when encountering pack stock. Take breaks and camp away from trails and other visitors. Let nature’s sounds prevail. Avoid loud voices and noises. PHYSICAL METHODS IN PROJECT WILD Identify your physical method in Project Wild. CHAPTER 9 COGNITIVE METHODS Chapter Objectives  Describe appropriate use of cognitive methods  Explain when each cognitive method is best used in a lesson  Come up with questions that lead students toward their own understanding of the subject  Guide learning through the use of video by describing how video and simulation can be effective teaching tools  Describe the purpose of service learning and apply it to a relevant topic.  Present written materials to support a lesson  Effectively use peer teaching in a lesson TEKS & PROJECT WILD https://apps.tpwd.state.tx.us/wildsearch/ The chapter covers six different methods that utilize cognitive learning: 1. Lecture & Discussion 2. Inquiry 3. Videography 4. Service Learning 5. Use of Written Materials 6. Peer Teaching LECTURE INQUIRY 1. Identify the problem & clarify the problem 2. Form hypothesis (ideas to investigate the problem) 3. Collect data 4. Analyze and interpret the data to test hypotheses 5. Draw conclusions VIDEOGRAPHY SERVICE LEARNING Service learning is working with students on a meaningful project that has direct use and application to the land or community. When sequenced well, it builds cognitive learning and applies that learning to real-world needs through physical projects. OTHER Written Materials Peer Teaching