Philosophy Reviewer_ 1st sem.pdf

insignificant traces of inconsistency, Philosophy (Reviewer): superstition, and irrationality. 6. It is a bran...

insignificant traces of inconsistency, Philosophy (Reviewer): superstition, and irrationality. 6. It is a branch of Philosophy that Online sources version means “customs” or “habit”. Green Highlight - keyword for questions. Answer: Ethics Brown highlight - keyword for answers. 7. Which among the statements best (QUIZLET): Module 1 & 2 explains the idea that Philosophy 1. What did Roque Ferriols try to imply analyzes the way foundations of other when he said that "there is an disciplines? experience of self within the horizon Answer: Philosophy concerns itself with the of reality and the urge to understand roots of disciplines such as art, science, and and to shape this experience?" even religion. It explores and examines all Answer; As humans we are urged to their underpinnings understand our experiences in life, because in these experiences, may it be big or small, 8. Which among the statements best learning will surely come to shape our hearts explains the line: Philosophy and our minds as we go along the way in integrates itself with other journey in life. disciplines to achieve a comprehensive and coherent worldview? 2. A philosopher is someone _______. Answer: Philosophy as a discipline is Answer: Who loves wisdom, yearns for the encompassing. It never confines itself to a truth, wise. portion of human experience or to a certain aspect of human phenomenon. 3. Aesthetic came from the Greek word ‘Aisthetikos’ which means _______? 9. Which among the statements does not Answer: Sense of Perception. describe Philosophy as an “act”? Answer: Philosophy is the study of theories 4. It is a branch of Philosophy that that can be only applied theoretically and not examines the process of how people physically or concretely. are led towards knowledge. Answer: Epistemology. 10. It is the broad historical period in which the basic concepts of many 5. Which among the statements best modern philosophies were founded and explains the idea that Philosophy defined. analyzes treasured beliefs and Answer: Ancient Philosophy. traditions? Answer: gift of logical consistencies and 11. In ancient Greece, people were able to traditions. It weeds out all of the express their ideas and beliefs,  because there was no people who perspectives and realizing the values of limited the concepts and ideas that obtaining a broader perspective in life. were being expressed during this 17. In Philosophy it was said that the time. Why is that so? ancient Greeks were wide thinkers, Answer: There was no priestly class of they were able to conceptualize ideas censors (because of ritual prescriptions). far beyond the limitedness of their personhood, to the point that ancient 12. Which among the following best writings such as that of Homer which describe the totality of the reasons has always been fertile in its concern why Philosophy flourished in Ancient with intimate detail. For example, Greece? Homer's description of Achilles' Answer: Greeks were aware of change, thus shield takes up four pages of the looked for ways to cope with the aid Iliad. Why is that so? observations, ending up developing rational Answer: The Greek's imagination, iconic and view on the true nature of reality. notable, contributed to their way of thinking. (think of the poems, epics, and myths) 13. According to the Philosophical scholars, where did western 18. Ancient Philosophy refers to what Philosophy first flourished? historical period in Philosophy? Answer: Greece. Answer: It is when many Philosophical concepts were founded. 14. It is said that Philosophy flourished in Ancient Greece, why is that so? 19. Which of the following statements Answer: One reason is that there are no are the probable reasons why ancient priestly class of censors in Ancient Greece Philosophy flourished in ancient that would filter knowledge and discovery. Greece? I. There was no priestly class of censors 15. It is said that Greeks were aware of (because of ritual prescriptions) “change”, thus what did it result in? II. The Greek's imagination contributed to Answer: Greeks were able to accept change, their way of thinking. (think of the poems, and was able to seek out explanation through epics, and myths) rationality. III. The Greeks were aware of change; sensitivity to change makes us pessimistic but 16. Which among the statements best it also allows us to look for explanations. describe the reason why it is IV. The ancient Greeks were travelers, important for us, learners, to study making them culturally diverse and open to the basic concepts of Philosophy? different levels of information and concepts. Answer: Philosophy as an action, helps us to Answer: Statements I, II, and III. learn from our experiences, it is a way of looking into life itself, by understanding  20. In what concern did Plato center his 25. (According to Ancient Greek Philosophy in general? scripture) He was Socrates' most Answer: He generally focused his Philosophy important young disciple. on matters that deals with man's attainment Answer: Plato of knowledge and enlightenment. 26. Socrates' discourse moved in two 21. Philosopher Socrates spent most of directions—outward, to objective his time querying and philosophizing, definitions, and inward, to discover where did he spend most of his time the inner person's what? doing the aforementioned activities? Answer: Soul. Answer: In the streets of Ancient Athens talking to people and conducting discourses on 27. In the Socratic Method, what was the queries about reality and value. second step to be done in the said dialogue between two people? 22. In the Socratic Method, what was the Answer: Socrates finds "minor flaws" in his last step in the said dialogue, how did companion's definition and slowly begins to Socrates end and concluded his unravel it, forcing his partner to admit dialogues with his fellow learners? ignorance. (In one dialogue, Socrates' target Answer: An agreement is reached by the two actually ends up in tears.) admittedly ignorant companions to pursue the truth seriously. Almost all the dialogues end 28. How does Plato invoke thought and inconclusively. Of course, they must do so. contemplation towards truth and Socrates cannot give his disciples the truth. wisdom? Each of us must find it out for ourselves. Answer: He uses stories with dialogues among the people involved. Generally, Plato would 23. Over the years, Philosophy went always give respect to the path towards truth beyond etymological definition. The and wisdom for man can always find his way following are the statements that towards the truth itself but sometimes we tackles the development of feel afraid to look directly to the truth itself Philosophy, which of the following because most of the time the truth does not best suits the definition of dress itself with an appealing and a Philosophy? conforming form because truth is always Answer: It became the story of the people meant to reveal to us what we need to see who never cease to wonder. that will awake our senses and mindful thinking. 24. Philosophy came from two Greek words Philos and Sophia which_____? 29. In the Socratic Method, what was the Answer: Love of Wisdom. first step in starting such arguments and propositions? Answer: A question is posed (e.g., the sciences the methods and ways of knowing question of what virtue is, or justice, or data. truth, or beauty); Socrates becomes excited and enthusiastic to find someone who claims 34. Why is there still a need to to know something acknowledge the philosophies of the ancient Greeks? 30. What is the said Philosophical method Answer: There is always wisdom in doing that used arguments by simply posing things in moderation, excess and scarcity is a question then eventually looking for dangerous to man, happiness and virtue lies on minor flaws in statements, thus finally how we weigh down the practicality of our revealing faults ending in a mutual wisdom. Thus, to understand moderation or search for truth? which Aristotle called the "golden mean" Answer: Socratic Method. which is knowing our strengths and understanding our weaknesses. They taught 31. What did Plato reveal to us in his us that wisdom is knowing truth from falsity, "Allegory of the cave"? in this world filled with unreliable information Answer: Plato made use of an allegory that we should be vigilant and remember to go out speaks about man's attainment of Knowledge. of illusions and face reality itself. They The allegory of the cave tells a story about reminded us that there is importance in how man should escape caves that hides truth having a systematized way of knowing things from us. By escaping caves, we are liberated which gave modern day sciences the methods from innocence that once blinded us from and ways of knowing data. reality itself. 35. Aristotle had a specific term in 32. Why is there a need to know Plato's understanding the Philosophy of the Philosophies despite its context and goal in man's life, what is the meaning age? of the term, "Eudaimonia?” Answer: He taught us that wisdom is knowing Answer: Happiness. truth from falsity, in this world filled with unreliable information we should be vigilant 36. When Aristotle speaks of Happiness, and remember to go out of illusions and face what does he mean by attaining reality itself. Happiness? Answer: Happiness is when we do the things 33. Why is there a need to know that grants us virtue and moral action. Socrates' Philosophies despite its context and age? 37. When Aristotle left his place in the Answer: He reminded us that there is community of Plato, he established his importance in having a systematized way of own school. What was the name of knowing things which gave modern day Aristotle's academic community/school? Answer: Lyceum. 43. In Western culture, Ancient Philosophy refers to Philosophical 38. Plato's aim in doing Philosophy was to theories from what period in time? seek wisdom and knowledge, Aristotle Answer: Greco-Roman Period. on the other hand went on a similar but different path which observes 44. Reasons why ancient Philosophy which aspect? flourished in ancient Greece? Answer: Man's life/Living out a virtuous life. Answer: - There was no priestly class of censors 39. Aristotle, despite criticizing his (because of ritual prescriptions) teacher's (Plato) views and ideas, he - The Greek's imagination contributed still went to agree with some ideas to their way of thinking (poems, epics such as… and myths). Answer: the idea that wisdom and reason - The Greeks were aware of change; must be yearned by people. sensitivity to change makes us pessimistic but it also allows us to look 40. Why did Aristotle connect the idea of for explanations. "Happiness" to the concept of "moderation?” 45. the study of everything according to Answer: One should be courageous enough to its ultimate explanation in the light of know one's strength and weakness. Virtue lies reason as it seeks to understand and between excess and scarcity; thus, true to question. virtue lies in moderation. Not being too Answer: Philosophy. courageous (reckless) and not being too scared (Cowardice). In line with his idea of 46. Greek word meaning "love” eudaimonia, Aristotle said that aiming for Answer: Philos. eudaimonia we must not forget the depth of our action, not being too excessive and too 47. Greek word meaning “Wisdom” scarce with one's own judgment. Answer: Sophia. (QUIZLET): Doing Philosophy & Methods of 48. Never ending innate desire to Philosophizing discover and to create meaning. Answer: Drive towards Wisdom. 41. Pythagoras was the Philosopher who coined which word? 49. It deals with the true nature of Answer: Philosophy. reality. Answer: Metaphysics. 42. Who coined the word Philosophy? Answer: Pythagoras. 50. Greek word meaning “knowledge”. Answer: Episteme.  Answer: There is always wisdom in doing 51. talks about the aims of right and things in moderation, excess and scarcity is wrong behavior of the human person. dangerous to man, happiness and virtue lies on Answer: Ethics. how we weigh down the practicality of our wisdom. Thus, to understand moderation or 52. It deals with the nature and which Aristotle called the "golden mean" appreciation of art, beauty, and good which is knowing our strengths and taste understanding our weaknesses. Answer: Aesthetics. 58. Why is there still a need to 53. Plato's notable philosophical works. acknowledge the philosophies of the Answer: ancient Greeks? - The Republic. Answer: All of the statement mentioned - Allegory of the Cave. (reasons of the philosophers). 54. Plato's notable work where he laid out 59. When Aristotle speaks of Happiness, the ground work for his idea on what does he mean by attaining imposing utopian concept of a city Happiness? where rulers, peace keepers, and Answer: Happiness is when we do things that citizens live out a life with a specific grant us virtue and moral action. responsibility Answer: The Republic. 60. Socrates' discourse moved in two direction-outward, to objective 55. Soon after the death of his teacher, definitions, and inward, to discover he left the academy because of the inner person's what? disagreements with its new chiefs. Answer: Soul. Answer: Aristotle. 61. How does Plato invoke through and (QUIZLET): Module 2 contemplation towards truth and wisdom? 56. Aristotle, despite criticizing his Answer: He uses stories with dialogues among teacher's (Plato) views and ideas, he the people involved. Generally, Plato will still went to agree with some ideas always give respect to the path towards truth such as… and wisdom for man can always finds his way Answer: the idea that wisdom and reason towards the truth itself but sometimes we must be yearned by people. feel afraid to look directly to the truth itself. 57. Why is there a need to know Aristotle's Philosophies despite its 62. What was the title of the allegory context and age? that analyzed the limitation and the  capabilities of man's search for 68. In the Socratic Method, what was the knowledge and truth? second step to be done in the said Answer: Plato's Allegory of the Cave. dialogue between two people? Answer: Socrates finds "minor flaws" in his 63. Who among the ancient Greek companion's definition and slowly begins to Philosophers proclaimed the unravel it, forcing his partner to admit statement: "I know that I know ignorance, (in one's dialogue, Socrates' target nothing?” actually ends up in tears). Answer: Socrates. 69. He was Socrates' most important 64. Philosopher Socrates spent most of young disciple. his time querying and philosophizing, Answer: Plato. where did he spend most of his time doing the aforementioned activities? 70. 1st step in Socratic Method. Answer: In the Street of Ancient Athens Answer: A question is posed. taking the people and conducting discourses on queries about reality and virtue. 71. 3rd step in Socratic Method Answer: An agreement is reached by the two 65. In what concern did Plato center his admittedly ignorant companions to pursue the Philosophy in general? truth seriously. Answer: He generally focused his Philosophy on matters that deals with man's attainment of knowledge and enlightenment. 66. He founded the first university in Ancient Athens, where students read as exercises the Socratic Dialogues that he had written. Answer: Plato. 67. What did Plato reveal to us in his "Allegory of the Cave”? Answer: Plato made use of an allegory that speaks about man's attainment of Knowledge. The allegory of the cave tells a story about how man should escape caves that hides truth from us. By escaping caves, we are liberated from innocence that once blinded us from reality itself.