Austria Wine Regions PDF

Machine Translated by Google Austria Introduction Machine Translated by Google Subject: Austria Subject Target point...

Machine Translated by Google Austria Introduction Machine Translated by Google Subject: Austria Subject Target point The student must: know where in Europe Austria is located and the location of each of the 18 wine regions within the country. understand the historical development, and be able to explain Austria's role in the world's wine history. have an overview of the most used grape varieties used in the country. understand the quality pyramid in the Austrian Wine Act, the Prädikats legislation and how the DAC system works. have an Austria overview of the regions Niederösterreich, Kremstal, Kamptal, Wachau, Burgenland and Styria. Machine Translated by Google Agenda Map and location History Geography Climate Grapes Promises Regions Main regions Secondary regions Machine Translated by Google Machine Translated by Google Map and location Austria lies between latitude 46.5ºN and 49ºN. It is well surrounded by Switzerland and Liechtenstein in the west, Germany, the Czech Republic and Slovakia in the north, Hungary in the east and Slovenia and Italy in the south. The most important wine regions are in the east, south/east around Vienna and down to Graz. Machine Translated by Google 1907: Wine law 1985: The wine scandal 16th/17th century: Wine "boom" 1784: Wine taverns / Heurigers Today: Quality wine – reductive, fresh 1 BC: The Romans with 795: Charlemagne and fruity promotes wine & systematic cultivation viticulture Year 0 1526: "Luther wine" 1950: Modern winemaking 700 BC: The Celts 10th/12th century: Monks & grow grapes 2003: Work on the Burgundy 1872: Phylloxera development of the DAC system begins Machine Translated by Google Geography: map of vineyards There are four main regions – Lower Austria, Vienna, Burgenland and Styria. Vienna, is a smaller region within Lower Austria Bergland are smaller areas outside the main regions. In the main regions, there are sub-regions that have unique wine styles that have their own legal regulations. 18 different – examples of wine styles are Bergwein, Ruster ausbruch, Wiener Gemischter Satz. Machine Translated by Google Climate Main climate: Continental climate, with Mediterranean Impact: The Danube is important for air and influence in the south; Styria and warm winds from heat circulation in central regions. IN Hungarian plains in central parts. Burgenland, Lake Neusiedlersee is important for humidity and temperature regulation. Seasons: Dry and hot summer and cold winter. The Danube River moderates the climate somewhat. Cool evening breezes, especially in autumn, give greater Growing season: Long growing season – differences in day/night temperature, which is good for grape up to 200 days, March/September. ripening. Differences from north and south, the south is warmer with higher humidity. Soil: Varied, but loess, limestone, river deposits and "Urgestein" (granite/gneiss). Temperature: From – 2º to + 27º. Machine Translated by Google Grapes Austria is dominated by white grapes, mainly grüner veltliner. For sweet wines: Bouvier Furmint Seedling 88 / Scheurebe Nutmeg Machine Translated by Google Some green grapes Grüner veltliner Welchriesling Riesling Chardonnay Müller-Thurgau Rotate Veltliner Sauvignon Blanc Machine Translated by Google Some blue grapes Zweigelt Blaufränkish St. Laurent Machine Translated by Google The Wine Act The Wine Act divides into: Prädikatswein Spätlese Auslese 6 grades with different requirements for Oe level and manufacturing Beerensauslese Ice wine Qualitätswein (can be capitalized) / Strohwein/Schilfwein Trockenbeerensauslese Qualitätswein cabinet (canNOT be Prädikatswein capitalized) Landwein (can be capitalized) Wein (may be capitalized) Ruster Ausbruch Qualitätswein Bergwein Country wine Wine Machine Translated by Google The Wine Act DAC (Districtus Austriae Controllatus): quality wine with a specific style and geographical affiliation. Qualitätswein must have the district indicated on the label and a "cru" pyramid has been introduced for a more detailed geographical designation within the DAC. Which 11 out of 18 regions have introduced On wines from single vineyards, it must say Ried + the name of the vineyard. The Act also contains 5 categories for residual sugar: Extra dry (ÿ 4 g/l) Trocken (>4 ÿ 9 g/l) Halbtrocken (>9 ÿ 12 g/l) Lieblich (>12 ÿ 45 g/l) Sweet (>45 g/l) Sugar level is measured in must weight - "Oechsle degrees" and is abbreviated Oeº or in the local Austrian variant: Klosterneuburg Mostwaage (KMW) Machine Translated by Google "Cru" system for DAC wines Riedwein - Single vineyard. All classified single vineyards (Rieden) in Austria. Not chaptalization. Grüner Veltliner and Riesling is the most common, but it exists examples of local variations, such as rotate well liners in Wagram Ortswein- Equivalent to "village" wine. Richer and more complex in style than Gebietswein. Grapes are determined in each individual region. Gebietswein - Regional wine. E.g. Leithaberg. Grapes are determined in each individual region. Hand harvesting shared by all. Steinfeder, Federspiel and Smaragd can still be used in Wachau. Source: www.austrianwine.com Machine Translated by Google Main region: Lower Austria Is the country's largest wine region, and can be divided into 3 zones - the areas along the Danube in the north, around Neusidlersee in the center and the Pannonian plain in the south. Topography: Located in the east of the country, where the Alps in the south meet the Pannonian plains in the center and the Danube in the north. The most important wine regions Wachau, Kremstal and Kamptal are located on the hillsides down towards the river Danube. Climate: Continental climate - very hot and dry summer, cold winter. Hot days and cool nights. Areas such as Wachau, Kremstal and Kamptal are particularly cool. Viti/Vini: Steep, terraced hillsides, hilly landscape. The usual binding method is Lenz Moss, practically everything is hand-picked. Machine Translated by Google Main region: Lower Austria Grapes: Grüner veltliner, riesling and more Geology/soil: Varied, but a lot of loess, gravel and lime Vinstill: Variations of GV and Riesling, from light acidity to big powerful ones Important to know: Eight different wine regions, all of which are currently DAC regions. All of these have specific grapes that must be used to obtain the DAC designation. Machine Translated by Google Subregion: Kremstal Grapes: Grüner Veltliner and Riesling Wine style: Kremstal DAC represents spicy Grüner Veltliner, and elegant and mineral Rieslings. "Classic" style is fresh, "Reserve" has a mature aroma and fullness. Important to know: The vineyards are terraced with a lot of loess. The area is divided into the Kremstal valley, the historic town of Krems and the Stein wine region in the west. Kremstal is the center for the viticulture school Klosterneuburg. Machine Translated by Google Subregion: Kamptal Grapes: Grüner Veltliner and Riesling Wine style: Kamptal DAC grüner veltliner and riesling. "Classic" style should be light, but with structure and freshness. The "Reserve" wines are more sumptuous, full-bodied character and depth. Important to know: Vineyards are usually on steep, terraced south-facing hillsides. Heiligenstein in Kamptal has a dry microclimate due to a lot of very hot sun. Located on the east side of the river Kamp, which is one of the tributaries of the Danube. Machine Translated by Google Subregion: Wachau Grapes: Grüner Veltliner and Riesling Wine style: Last region to become DAC in 2020. Characteristic peach aroma, with terroir character. Dry white wines are divided into their own classification system based on the wine's natural alcohol level. Light and aromatic are Steinfeder, "classic" dry are Federspiel and the powerful ones are called Smaragd. Important to know: the region furthest west in the area, where the Danube has burrowed its way down into the bedrock over millions of years. Gneiss and granite soils for Riesling and loess for Grüner Veltliner. Particularly good durability of the wines - especially Grüner Veltliner. Artificial irrigation is permitted and necessary. Machine Translated by Google Main region: Burgenland Topography: the area lies furthest to the east, and is unique compared to the rest of the country. The highest point is only 884 m above sea level – a big contrast to the country in general. The landscape is dominated by plains, hills and the shallow lake Neusiederlersee. Climate: More than 2,000 hours of sunshine a year – dry, hot summer, moderate rain and cold winter with little snow. Lake Neusiedlersee contributes to a humid and temperate microclimate. Viti/Vini: It is the fog from the shallow and temperate sea in the autumn months that provides the optimal conditions for botrytis. The humidity means that the grapes get optimal conditions for noble rot. Machine Translated by Google Main region: Burgenland Grapes: Zweigelt, Blaufränkisch, Pinot Noir, Pinot Blanc, Neuburger, Grüner Veltliner Geology/soil: fertile sand/clay soil (loam) with elements of gravel, lime and salty fine-grained sand Wine style: The warm climate produces rich, full-bodied red wines. The Neusiedlersee area is known for sweet botrytized white wines similar to Tokaji wines. TBA from Rust has its own definition in the Wine Act - Ruster Ausbruch. Important to know: The red wine revolution started in Burgenland in the 70s and 80s. Blaufränkisch is the most widespread red wine grape. Northeast Burgenland can use ungrafted vines because sandy earth. Machine Translated by Google Main region: Styria Topography: One of the smallest regions, on the border with Slovenia. Rolling green hills characterize the landscape. Climate: Approximate Mediterranean climate but with some continental influences. Viti / Vini: 75% white wine. A long growing season produces wines with good phenolic maturity. Machine Translated by Google Main region: Styria Grapes: Sauvignon blanc, chardonnay, welschriesling, traminer Geology/soil: About 75% of the vineyards have sedimentary rocks Wine style: Three DAC: Vulkanland Steiermark, Südsteiermark, Weststeiermark. Primarily, it is acidic and intense sauvignon blanc of high quality, preferably with fullness and good minerality. Important to know: Located in the far south, with a Mediterranean influence, but the vineyards are pulled up into the hills for cooler temperatures and are higher than in Burgenland. Morillion – is the local name for chardonnay from Styria. Machine Translated by Google TYPICAL AUSTRIA Machine Translated by Google Typical Austria Neusiedlersee – very shallow lake with good conditions for Botrytis Ruster Ausbruch (DAC) – sweet wine from Rust Most white wines are made in a reductive style - preserve fruit and freshness Riedel and Zalto glasses come from Austria Almost all wine cellars in Austria were looted during and after the Second World War, so the build-up was characterized by efficiency and volume. This lasted until the wine scandal in 1985. But is today more known for quality than quantity. Banderole – all quality wine has an official seal on the cork, in the Austrian colors The emerald lizard basking in the Wachau vineyard. Shares name with the area's powerful "reserve" wine with a minimum of 12.5% alcohol. Machine Translated by Google