NSTP-1-WEEK-3-AND-4-PRELIM-HANDOUT-LAWS-2024-new (1).pdf

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Name : _________________________________________________________ Section : ____________________ Schedule: ________________________ Teacher :________________________________________ NATIONAL SERVICE TRAINING PROGRAM 01 FIRST SEMESTER WEEK 3 Learning Outcomes Discuss the fundamental principles and framework of the Philippine government. Interpret the significance and meaning of the Preamble of the Philippine Constitution. Examine the basic rights and freedoms guaranteed to all citizens under the Bill of Rights. Discuss the rights, responsibilities, and qualifications of Filipino citizenship. Recognize and understand essential laws and local ordinances that govern everyday life in the Philippines. PHILIPPINE CONSTITUTION The Constitution (1987) is the fundamental law of the land in the Philippines. It establishes the structure, policies, roles, and duties of the Philippines' government. It contains the Bill of Rights (article III), and sets out the State's obligations to promote and uphold social justice and human rights (article XIII). The Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines PREAMBLE ARTICLE I National Territory ARTICLE II Declaration of Principles and State Policies ARTICLE III Bill of Rights ARTICLE IV Citizenship ARTICLE V Suffrage ARTICLE VI Legislative Department ARTICLE VII Executive Department ARTICLE VIII Judicial Department ARTICLE IX Constitutional Commissions ARTICLE X Local Government ARTICLE XI Accountability of Public Officers ARTICLE XII National Economy and Patrimony ARTICLE XIII Social Justice and Human Rights ARTICLE XIV Education, Science and Technology, Arts, Culture and Sports ARTICLE XV The Family ARTICLE XVI General Provisions ARTICLE XVII Amendments or Revisions ARTICLE XVIII Transitory Provisions PREPARED BY: JESUS A. LONGINOS,JR SUPPORT ACT NSTP ERT – EMERGENCY RESPONSE TEAM NSTP -COORDINATOR  PREAMBLE We, the sovereign Filipino people, implore the aid of Almighty God, to build a just and humane society, and establish a Government that shall embody our ideals and aspirations, promote the common good, conserve and develop our patrimony, and secure to ourselves and our posterity, the blessings of independence and democracy under the rule of law and a regime of truth, justice, freedom, love, equality, and peace, do ordain and promulgate this Constitution. The purpose of a preamble is to introduce important information about a document or a piece of media. Preambles may give background information or context that is important to the document but cannot or does not need to be included in its main body. The Preamble is like an introduction or preface to a book. The Preamble, in brief, explains the objectives of the Constitution in two ways: one, about the structure of the governance and the other. ARTICLE III BILL OF RIGHTS Bill of Rights Article III enumerates the fundamental rights of the Filipino people. The Bill of Rights sets the limits to the government's power which proves to be not absolute. Among the rights of the people are freedoms of speech, assembly, religion, and the press. Section 1. No person shall be deprived of life, liberty, or property without due process of law, nor shall any person be denied the equal protection of the laws. Section 14. (1) No person shall be held to answer for a criminal offense without due process of law. ARTICLE IV CITIZENSHIP Section 1. The following are citizens of the Philippines: Those who are citizens of the Philippines at the time of the adoption of this Constitution; Those whose fathers or mothers are citizens of the Philippines; Those born before January 17, 1973, of Filipino mothers, who elect Philippine citizenship upon reaching the age of majority; and Those who are naturalized by law. Section 2. Natural-born citizens are those who are citizens of the Philippines from birth without having to perform any act to acquire or perfect their Philippine citizenship. Those who elect Philippine citizenship in accordance with paragraph (3), Section 1 hereof shall be deemed natural-born citizens. Section 3. Philippine citizenship may be lost or reacquired in the manner provided by law. Section 4. Citizens of the Philippines who marry aliens shall retain their citizenship, unless by their act or omission, they are deemed, under the law, to have renounced it. Section 5. Dual allegiance of citizens is inimical to the national interest and shall be dealt with by law. PREPARED BY: JESUS A. LONGINOS,JR SUPPORT ACT NSTP ERT – EMERGENCY RESPONSE TEAM NSTP -COORDINATOR  ARTICLE V SUFFRAGE Right to Vote / Choose a leader Section 1. Suffrage may be exercised by all citizens of the Philippines not otherwise disqualified by law, who are at least eighteen years of age, and who shall have resided in the Philippines for at least one year, and in the place wherein they propose to vote, for at least six months immediately preceding the election. No literacy, property, or other substantive requirement shall be imposed on the exercise of suffrage. Section 2. The Congress shall provide a system for securing the secrecy and sanctity of the ballot as well as a system for absentee voting by qualified Filipinos abroad. The Congress shall also design a procedure for the disabled and the illiterates to vote without the assistance of other persons. Until then, they shall be allowed to vote under existing laws and such rules as the Commission on Elections may promulgate to protect the secrecy of the ballot. - LAW - a rule made by a government that states how people may and may not behave in society and in business, and that often orders particular punishments if they do not obey, or a system of such rules. -A Republic Act is an important piece of legislation that will serve as a guide to carry out the principles of the Constitution. It is crafted and passed by the two Houses of Congress and approved by the President. It can only be repealed by a similar act of Congress. Example: Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002 RA 9165, otherwise known as the Comprehensive. Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002, provides that: "the State needs to enhance further the efficacy of the law against dangerous drugs, it being, one of today's more serious social ills. The National Defense Act of 1935, which created the Armed Forces of the Philippines. The Rizal Act, mandates the inclusion of courses on José Rizal in the curricula of all educational institutions in the Philippines. The Intellectual Property Code of the Philippines (the copyright law). Republic Act No. 11313 or The Safe Spaces Act (Bawal Bastos Law) addresses gender-based sexual harassment in public areas such as streets, privately-owned places open to the public, and public utility vehicles, among others. Ordinance - a law set forth by a governmental authority. specifically: a municipal regulation PREPARED BY: JESUS A. LONGINOS,JR SUPPORT ACT NSTP ERT – EMERGENCY RESPONSE TEAM NSTP -COORDINATOR  ORDINANCES The majority of ordinances deal with maintaining public health and safety, zoning, public morals, behavior and general welfare. Examples of ordinances would be those related to noise, snow removal, pet restrictions, and building and zoning regulations, to name a few. Example: City Ordinance 2343, amended in 2020, now bans the use and sale of plastic shopping bags three days a week: Wednesdays, Fridays and Saturdays. Cebu City Ordinance No. 2526, which provides penalties for individuals who cause harm and maltreat animals. 1940 regulates the operation of video karaoke machines or units within the city and provides that the operators should see to it that they are in no way disturbing the public. Ordinance 1895, meanwhile, prohibits smoking tobacco in non-smoking or smoke-free establishments such as entertainment centers, educational and learning centers, places of worship, government offices, health and medical centers, and other zones whether publicly or privately owned. Cebu City Ordinance 1814, or the Anti-Jaywalking Ordinance. A violator has two options: pay the P50 fine or render a two-hour community service. LEARNING TASK A. 1. Recite the Preamble and the 18 Articles of the 1987 Philippine Constitution 2. Discuss your understanding of the Preamble 3. Differentiate Ordinances to Republic ACT 4. Recite the 18 titles of the Philippine Constitution References : https://www.tradechakra.com/economy/philippines/legal-system-in-philippines- https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/constitutions/1987-constitution/ https://lawphil.net/consti/cons1987.html PREPARED BY: JESUS A. LONGINOS,JR SUPPORT ACT NSTP ERT – EMERGENCY RESPONSE TEAM NSTP -COORDINATOR  WEEK VI THREE BRANCHES OF PHILIPPINE GOVERNMENT ARTICLE VI Legislative Department ARTICLE VII Executive Department ARTICLE VIII Judicial Department This system revolves around three separate and sovereign yet interdependent branches: the legislative branch (the law-making body), the executive branch (the law-enforcing body), and the judicial branch (the law-interpreting body). The present Philippine Constitution was ratified in 1987 after an overwhelming result of a plebiscite. The Philippines has a democratic form of government which has 3 branches, the executive, legislative and judiciary. The Executive Branch is composed of the President, who serves as the Chief of State and head of government, and is assisted by the Vice-President. The Cabinet is composed of Secretaries who are appointed by the President with the consent of the Commission on Appointments. What is the primary duty of President Philippines? “I do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will faithfully and conscientiously fulfill my duties as President (or Vice-President or Acting President) of the Philippines, preserve and defend its Constitution, execute its laws, do justice to every man, and consecrate myself to the service of the Nation. What is the role of vice president in Philippine Constitution? Aside from the cabinet post, the vice president is mandated to assume the presidency in case of the death, disability, or resignation of the incumbent President. PREPARED BY: JESUS A. LONGINOS,JR SUPPORT ACT NSTP ERT – EMERGENCY RESPONSE TEAM NSTP -COORDINATOR  The cabinet secretaries are tasked to advise the president on the different affairs of the state like agriculture, budget, energy, finance, education, social welfare, national defense, foreign policy, and the like. The Legislative Branch is the bicameral congress composed of members of the Senate and the House of Representatives. The Senate has 24 members, the first half as determined by popular vote, serves a full 6-year term. The second half are elected every 3 years. Senators may serve for at most, 2 consecutive terms. The House of Representatives may be composed of at most 250 members. Members of the House of Representatives may serve for 3 consecutive terms, at most. What is the main role of legislative branch of the Philippines? The Legislative branch is authorized to make laws, alter, and repeal them through the power vested in the Philippine Congress. This institution is divided into the Senate and the House of Representatives. The Judicial Branch of the government, the Supreme Court, is headed by the Chief Justice and composed of justices appointed by the President on the recommendation of the Judicial and Bar Council. Members can serve until they reach 70 years old. Just to give you a glimpse of how the Philippines works as a nation, we have included this section wherein you can see most of the services provided by the government. The agriculture section gives you an insight into our home-grown crops, income- generating livestock and the different government programs that ensure we have sufficient supply of each of these. What is the main duty of the Philippine judiciary? The Judicial branch holds the power to settle controversies involving rights that are legally demandable and enforceable. This branch determines whether or not there has been a grave abuse of discretion amounting to lack or excess of jurisdiction on the part and instrumentality of the government. What is the purpose of the barangay court? The Barangay Justice System, otherwise known as the Lupon Tagapamayapa is a system created by the government in order to solve disputes within the Barangay level before going into court. These disputes are usually created between relatives within the Barangay. Learning Activity 1. Can you name the three branches of government? 2. Who currently holds the position of Chief of Staff in the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP)? 3. What are the three components of the executive branch? 4. Do the lower house and upper house share the same responsibilities? 5. What is the primary role of the Philippine judiciary? 6. What function does the barangay court serve? 7. Who is the current captain of your barangay? Suggest Questions _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ WEEK 5 LEADERSHIP PREPARED BY: JESUS A. LONGINOS,JR SUPPORT ACT NSTP ERT – EMERGENCY RESPONSE TEAM NSTP -COORDINATOR  Learning Outcome Explain the definition of leadership ,types and its significance in achieving organizational objectives. Identify the key characteristics of a leader and how they contribute to successful leadership. Recognize and explain the differences between various leadership Apply leadership principles to develop a plan for effective decision-making and problem-solving. Demonstrate critical thinking and problem-solving skills by identifying potential challenges and proposing strategies for overcoming them. Leadership is a set of behaviors used to help people align their collective direction, to execute strategic plans, and to continually renew an organization. Leaders have a profound impact on their overall work environment. They create an atmosphere of trust and respect, which in turn fosters creativity and collaboration. Employee morale is also higher in workplaces with strong management, leading to greater motivation. Types of Leadership Autocratic- makes decisions without consulting team. members. Democratic- makes the final decision but includes. team members in the decision-making process. Laissez-faire- gives their team members a lot of options and decision process. The 10 Characteristics of a Good Leader A good leader should have integrity, self-awareness, courage, respect, empathy, and gratitude. They should be learning agile and flex their influence while communicating and delegating effectively. See how these key leadership qualities can be learned and improved at all levels of your organization. 1. Integrity Integrity is an essential leadership trait for the individual and the organization. It’s especially important for top-level executives who are charting the organization’s course and making countless other significant decisions. Our research has found that integrity may actually be a potential blind spot for organizations, so make sure your organization reinforces the importance of honesty and integrity to leaders at various levels. 2. Delegation Delegating is one of the core responsibilities of a leader, but it can be tricky to delegate effectively. The goal isn’t just to free yourself up — it’s also to enable your direct reports to grow, facilitate teamwork, provide autonomy, and lead to better decision- making. The best leaders build trust in the workplace and on their teams through effective delegation. 3. Communication Effective leadership and effective communication are intertwined. The best leaders are skilled communicators who are able to communicate in a variety of ways, from transmitting information to inspiring others to coaching direct reports. And you must be able to listen to, and communicate with, a wide range of people across roles, geographies, social identities, and more. The quality and effectiveness of communication among leaders across your organization directly affects the success of your business strategy, too. 4. Self-Awareness While this is a more inwardly focused trait, self-awareness and humility are paramount for leadership. The better you understand yourself and recognize your own strengths and weaknesses, the more effective you can be as a leader. PREPARED BY: JESUS A. LONGINOS,JR SUPPORT ACT NSTP ERT – EMERGENCY RESPONSE TEAM NSTP -COORDINATOR  Do you know how other people view you or how you show up at work? Take the time to learn about the 4 aspects of self- awareness and how to strengthen each component. 5. Gratitude Being thankful can lead to higher self-esteem, reduced depression and anxiety, and better sleep. Gratitude can even make you a better leader. Yet few people regularly say “thank you” in work settings, even though most people say they’d be willing to work harder for an appreciative boss. The best leaders know how to show gratitude in the workplace. 6. Learning Agility Learning agility is the ability to know what to do when you don’t know what to do. If you’re a “quick study” or are able to excel in unfamiliar circumstances, you might already be learning agile. But anybody can foster and increase learning agility through practice, experience, and effort. After all, great leaders are really great learners. 7. Influence For some people, “influence” feels like a dirty word. But being able to convince people through the influencing tactics of logical, emotional, or cooperative appeals is an important trait of inspiring, effective leaders. Influence is quite different from manipulation, and it needs to be done authentically and transparently. It requires emotional intelligence and trust. 8. Empathy Empathy is correlated with job performance and is a critical part of emotional intelligence and leadership effectiveness. If you show more inclusive leadership and empathetic behaviors toward your direct reports, our research shows you’re more likely to be viewed as a better performer by your boss. Plus, empathy and inclusion are imperatives for improving workplace conditions for those around you. 9. Courage It can be hard to speak up at work, whether you want to voice a new idea, provide feedback to a direct report, or flag a concern for someone above you. That’s part of the reason courage is a key trait of good leaders. Rather than avoiding problems or allowing conflicts to fester, having courage enables leaders to step up and move things in the right direction. A workplace with high levels of psychological safety and strong conversational skills across the organization will foster a coaching culture that supports courage and truth-telling. 10. Respect Treating people with respect on a daily basis is one of the most important things a leader can do. It will ease tensions and conflict, create trust, and improve effectiveness. Creating a culture of respect is about more than the absence of disrespect. Respectfulness can be shown in many different ways, but it often starts with simply being a good listener who truly seeks to understand the perspectives of others. LEARNING ACTIVITIES What leadership characteristics do you aim to cultivate, and why? In your opinion, what essential skills should leaders possess? Reflect on the most challenging decision you have made as a leader. Do you perceive being a student leader as a burden or an opportunity? Suggest Questions _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ PREPARED BY: JESUS A. LONGINOS,JR SUPPORT ACT NSTP ERT – EMERGENCY RESPONSE TEAM NSTP -COORDINATOR  REFERENCES BOOKS: Labuguen et al. (2023 ). Understanding National Service Training Program Revised Edition. MUTYA Publishing House Inc. Malabon City Labuguen et al.(2020). Understanding National Service Training Program MUTYA Publishing House Inc. Malabon City INTERNET: PREPARED BY: JESUS A. LONGINOS,JR SUPPORT ACT NSTP ERT – EMERGENCY RESPONSE TEAM NSTP -COORDINATOR  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Service_Training_Program https://www.ccl.org/articles/leading-effectively-articles/characteristics-good-leader/ https://www.salesforce.com/blog/3-common-leadership-styles/ https://www.elephango.com/index.cfm/pg/k12learning/lcid/10023/Branches_of_Government https://vhinzsdc.wordpress.com/about-politics-of-the-philippines/ https://pinas.dlsu.edu.ph/gov/gov.html https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katarungang_Pambarangay#:~:text=Katarungang%20Pambarangay%2C%20or%20th e%20Barangay,the%20barangay%20and%20its%20executive. PRELIM EXIT SLIP Submit this slip after during Prelim Exam Name :__________________________________ Section :_________________ Schedule :__________________ Date Submitted __________ WEEK 1 WEEK 2 WEEK 3 WEEK 4 WEEK 5 WEEK 6 WEEK7 DATE AND DATE AND DATE AND DATE AND DATE AND DATE AND DATE AND SIGNATURE SIGNATURE SIGNATURE SIGNATURE SIGNATURE SIGNATURE SIGNATURE Choose 3 topics that like/interest you most and explain ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________ PREPARED BY: JESUS A. LONGINOS,JR SUPPORT ACT NSTP ERT – EMERGENCY RESPONSE TEAM NSTP -COORDINATOR