MODULE 1_ENG_3DAY.ppt.pptx

IN ASSOCIATION WITH MODULE 1 THE PHILIPPINE CONTEXT, THE IMPORTANCE OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION (DRR) AND ADAPTING TO RAPID CLIMATE CHANGE CHILD-CENTERED COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT TRAINING OBJECTIVES At the end of module 1, the participants must 1 be able to: Identify the hazards/disasters in their locality and relate these to the overall disaster situation in the Philippines; 2 Define the key concepts needed to understand and analyze the local and national disaster situation; The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change OBJECTIVES 3 Discuss the importance of the Child-Centered Community-Based Disaster Risk Reduction and Management (CBDRRM)/Climate Change Adaptation (CCA) as an approach to prepare for and respond to the local and national disaster 4 situation; and Explain the legal bases (RA 10121 and RA 9729) upon which CBDRRM/CCA are anchored. The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change TOPICS TO BE DISCUSSED LOCAL AND NATIONAL DISASTER SITUATION BASIC CONCEPTS ON DISASTER RISK REDUCTION & MANAGEMENT(DRRM) AND CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION(CCA) CHILD- CENTERED COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT(CBDRRM) AS AN APPROACH TO DRRM AND CCA THE LEGAL BASES FOR COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT(CBDRRM) The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change LOCAL DISASTER SITUATION The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change SESSION 1-1 LOCAL AND NATIONAL DISASTER SITUATION BASIC CONCEPTS ON DISASTER RISK REDUCTION & MANAGEMENT(DRRM) AND CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION(CCA) CHILD-CENTERED COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT(CBDRRM) AS AN APPROACH TO DRRM AND CCA THE LEGAL BASES FOR COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT(CBDRRM) The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change GUIDE QUESTIONS FOR Exercise 1-1: A Timeline of Local Hazards/Disaster Situation When did the disaster occur? What was it called (especially if typhoon or typhoon- induced)? What sectors were affected (e.g. health, education, environment, infrastructure, agriculture and other livelihoods, services, etc.)? The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change GUIDE QUESTIONS FOR Exercise 1-1: A Timeline of Local Hazards/Disaster Situation What groups were affected? (children, women, elderly, PWDs, CWDs, etc.) What was the extent of damage/effects? What did the (a) community/barangay LGU, (b) Government, (Local Government Unit/s and National Government Agencies) and (c) Others (NGOs/POs) did to respond to those affected and address the damages? The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change Exercise 1-1: A Timeline of Local Hazards/Disaster Situation Template 1-1. Hazards/Disaster Timeline Hazard/Disaster: ____ Template 1-1: Hazards/Disaster Timeline Hazard/Disaster: ___________________ YEAR NAME/ EFFECTS RESPONSE DISASTER SECTOR VULNERABL EXTENT OF COMMUNITY GOVERNMENT OTHERS E DAMAGE/ /BARANGAY GROUP EFFECT LGU The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change Exercise 1-1: A Timeline of Local Hazards/Disaster Situation Template 1-1. Hazards/Disaster Timeline Hazard/Disaster: TYPHOON YEAR DISASTER EFFECTS RESPONSE SECTOR SPECIALLY EXTENT OF COMMUNITY GOVERNMEN OTHERS VULNERABL DAMAGE/ /BARANGAY T E EFFECT LGU GROUPS 2006 Typhoon Agriculture 10 Has. Clean the Provision of Medical Reming Of surroundi relief goods Assistan Riceland ngs ce Shelter 500 Relocation Shelter houses of 200 box totally families damaged Infrastruct Schooling 20 ES Brigada Provision ure of children classroom Eskwela of TLS was s Bayanihan interrupte d The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change Exercise 1-1: A Timeline of Local Hazards/Disaster Situation Template 1-1. Hazards/Disaster Timeline Hazard/Disaster: TYPHOON YEAR DISASTE EFFECTS RESPONSE R SECTOR SPECIALLY EXTENT OF COMMUNITY GOVERNMENT OTHERS VULNERABL DAMAGE/ /BARANGAY E EFFECT LGU GROUPS 2004 Typhoon Agriculture Diseases 200 Provision of Medical Yoyong affected coconut relief goods Assistan PWDs and trees ce elderly uprooted The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change HAZARDS A hazard is “a potentially damaging physical event, phenomenon, or human activity that may cause the loss of life or injury, property damage, social and economic disruption or environmental degradation.” Various types of hazards and disasters that can occur: natural and human-induced The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change HAZARDS Natural hazards are naturally-occurring events or phenomena originating from the following: Geological processes Earthquake Volcanic eruption http://www.v-e-i.de/vhdl/grafic/mayon0902b.jpg The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change HAZARDS Hydro-meteorological factors Typhoon Thunderstorms Tornadoes Storm Surge Hailstorm La Niña El Niño http://s1.ibtimes.com/sites/www.ibtimes.com/files/styles/ v2_article_large/public/2013/11/10/typhoon-1.jpg?itok=fJZQqqHg The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change HAZARDS Biological phenomena Bird Flu Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) Ebola Pandemic http://i.telegraph.co.uk/multimedia/archive/03006/ ebola_sierra_leone_3006951b.jpg The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change HAZARDS Human-induced hazards may be categorized into: Technological hazards Oil spills Nuclear meltdowns Train accidents Fire resulting from an http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/files/2013/12/estancia-oil- explosion spill1.jpg The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change HAZARDS Armed conflict Terrorist activities https://fbexternal-a.akamaihd.net/safe_image.php? d=AQBNrMQwbXYoQn4t&w=470&h=246&url=http%3A%2F Rebel secession %2Fassets.rappler.com %2F45D0B3A3F6AF48D79432CD33BB885488%2Fimg %2F37F4B55B70E9410889E21849FA0E6226%2Fmamasapano -maguindanao-saf-20150126- 009.jpg&cfs=1&upscale=1&sx=0&sy=11&sw=640&sh=335 Mass killings, forcing many people to flee to safe places The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change PRESENTATION OF PROVINCE/CITY RISK PR OFILE The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change VIDEO ON DISASTER DATA IN THE PHILIPPI NES The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change DISASTER RISK PROFILE OF THE PHILIPPINES WORLD RISK INDEX RANK COUNTRY RISK (%) 1 Vanuatu 32.00 2 Tonga 29.08 3 Philippines 24.32 4 Solomon Islands 23.51 5 Guatemala 20.88 6 Bangladesh 17.45 7 Timor-Leste 17.45 8 Costa Rica 16.75 9 Cambodia 16.58 10 El Salvador 16.49 The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change DISASTER SITUATION IN THE PHILIPPINES The Philippines ranked third, out of 173 countries in the world, in terms of exposure to hazards (In 2012) Ranked 2nd second in terms of typhoons and earthquake, 5th in terms of tsunami, and 8th In terms of flooding; 24th in terms of exposure to landslide and 33rd to drought The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change DISASTER SITUATION IN THE PHILIPPINES Storm Surge Photo by gmanews.tv The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change DISASTER SITUATION IN THE PHILIPPINES Liquefaction Photo by wikimedia.org The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change DISASTER SITUATION IN THE PHILIPPINES The Philippines lies along the Pacific Ring of Fire and world’s busiest typhoon belt. 1,200-km-long Philippine fault zone (PFZ) The number of active faults and trenches (deep ditches) in the country makes us susceptible to major earthquakes. 23 out of 300 active volcanoes in the country The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change DISASTER SITUATION IN THE PHILIPPINES What are the human- induced disasters that our country has experienced? http://media.philstar.com/images/the-philippine-star/ microsites/campus/20140304/zamboanga-siege.jpg Armed Conflict Fire http://imagizer.imageshack.us/a/img268/9862/ met1new.jpg The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change DISASTER SITUATION IN THE PHILIPPINES ‘Silent disasters’ The small-scale floods on a daily basis which are usually caused by continuous rain or tidal fluctuation, or not-so-strong http://i.telegraph.co.uk/multimedia/archive/01967/ typhoon-philippine_1967007i.jpg typhoons. The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change DISASTER SITUATION IN THE PHILIPPINES Experienced by schools in Caloocan, Malabon, Navotas, Valenzuela (these four cities form the CAMANAVA area), Manila and Parañaque more often because they are situated in the coastline and low lying areas of Metro Manila. Also experienced in coastal and low-lying areas of Bulacan The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change KEY POINTS We see that in our own communities, we have experienced different kinds of hazards/disasters such as floods, typhoon, earthquake, and storm surge. Some were bad, some worse and some worst or very bad. We can say that their severity is gauged by the effects they had on our families, community and society. The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change KEY POINTS These hazards and disasters are also experienced in other parts of our country. We see that the Philippines is prone to hazards because of its location and geological features such as the presence of the fault zone and active volcanoes. The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change KEY POINTS Many places in our country are prone to not just one but multiple hazards. It is important to be prepared for each one. Hazards may be natural or human-induced or a combination of both. While hazards do not automatically lead to loss of life or economic disruption, steps must be taken to reduce the vulnerabilities of the threatened communities and minimize the damage to them. The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change SESSION 1-2 LOCAL AND NATIONAL DISASTER SITUATION BASIC CONCEPTS ON DISASTER RISK REDUCTION & MANAGEMENT(DRRM) AND CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION(CCA) CHILD-CENTERED COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT(CBDRRM) AS AN APPROACH TO DRRM AND CCA THE LEGAL BASES FOR COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT(CBDRRM) The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change EXERCISE 1-2: Case Studies on DRRM Concepts The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change WHAT IS A HAZARD? “A potentially damaging physical event, phenomenon, or human activity that may cause the loss of life or injury, property damage, social and economic disruption, or environmental http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/files/2013/08/monsoon- rain.jpg degradation” The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change WHAT IS A DISASTER? “A serious disruption of the functioning of a community or a society causing widespread human, material, economic, or environmental losses which exceed the ability of the affected community or society to cope using its own resources” (UNISDR) https://ipdgcblog.files.wordpress.com/2013/11/144428-131115- tacloban.jpg?w=540 The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change HAZARD VS DISASTER Not all hazards can become disasters. A hazard may only become a disaster when it causes serious disruption and damage, and the ability of the community to cope is not in place. The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change WHAT IS VULNERABILTY? The inability of a community to cope when a hazard occurs Refers to the “characteristics and circumstances of a community, system, or asset that make it susceptible to the damaging effects of a hazard” (RA 10121, 2010, section no.3). The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change EXAMPLES OF VULNERABILITY Unsafe design and construction of houses and buildings Lack of safe planning for settlements/housing Conflict in the community Lack of knowledge and skills on preparedness and protective measures The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change EXAMPLES OF VULNERABILITY · Attitude of helplessness, dependence and indifference Social inequity Poverty Low level of literacy http://www.interaksyon.com/assets/images/ articles/interphoto_1317696851.jpg Lack of knowledge on risks and unsafe practices The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change WHAT IS CAPACITY? The capability and coping ability of a community to manage when disaster hits The ability of the households and communities to cope when hazards occur “combination of all the strengths, attributes and resources available within a community, society or organization that can be used to achieve agreed goals” (RA 10121, 2010, section no. 3) The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change EXAMPLES OF CAPACITY Permanent Housing Ownership of land Adequate food and income source Family capacity Family and community support in times of crises The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change EXAMPLES OF CAPACITY Local knowledge and skills Responsive local government (strong BLGU) Strong community organizations (POs, CSOs) Strong participation of commonly vulnerable groups such as children, women, PWDs The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change CAPACITY The more vulnerable a community is, the more likely it will experience disasters. On the other hand, the more capacitated a community is, the less vulnerable it would be from the impact of disasters. The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change Case Study 2: Exposure The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change WHAT IS EXPOSURE? “the degree to which a community is likely to experience hazard events of different magnitudes.” It refers to the physical location and http://travel-philippines.com/locations/palawan/puerto- characteristics of a princesa-images/fishermens-village-on-stilts-front-of- mannys.jpg community that “exposes” The Philippine it to hazards context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change WHAT IS DISASTER RISK? It is dependent on the strength of hazard; and extent of exposure, vulnerability, and capacity of a community to withstand the onslaught of the hazard. The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change WHAT IS DISASTER RISK? Disaster Risk (DR) = Hazard x Vulnerability Capacity The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT(DRRM) The aims are: - To save lives; - To reduce human misery; - To minimize damage to property and economic loss; and - To facilitate recovery and rehabilitation toward development. The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change DRRM FOUR MAJOR PHASES Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Disaster Preparedness Disaster Response Rehabilitation and Recovery The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT Policies, ordinances, laws Contingency Planning Risk assessment EWS, evacuation plan Pre-disaster DRRM planning Trainings, drills, simulation Dredging, cleanup Inventory, stockpiling Prevention and Preparedness Infrastructure Mitigation Public Awareness Recovery and Response Rehabilitation Medical services Relocation Psychological support Structural retrofitting During / Post- Alternative livelihood Sustainable livelihood disaster Temporary shelter Infrastructure Relief Delivery rehabilitation Operations The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change MECHANISMS TO REDUCE DISASTER RISKS: PREVENTION AND MITIGATION Prevention and mitigation measures can lessen the threat of hazards through long-term solutions intended to lower the vulnerability of a community. May be structural or non-structural The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change MECHANISMS TO REDUCE DISASTER RISKS: PREVENTION AND MITIGATION Construction of Dikes www.wvi.org Declogging of Waterways The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change MECHANISMS TO REDUCE DISASTER RISKS: PREVENTION AND MITIGATION www.wvi.org Planting Trees The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change MECHANISMS TO REDUCE DISASTER RISKS: DISASTER PREPAREDNESS “the knowledge and capacities developed by governments, professional response and recovery organizations, communities and individuals to effectively anticipate, respond to, and recover from, the impacts of likely, imminent, or current hazard events or conditions” (UNISDR, no date) The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change MECHANISMS TO REDUCE DISASTER RISKS: DISASTER PREPAREDNESS Public Awareness and Early Warning www.wvi.org Community Vulnerability, Capacity and Adaptation Assessment The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change MECHANISMS TO REDUCE DISASTER RISKS: DISASTER PREPAREDNESS Contingency Plan(per hazard), Training and education, and drills www.wvi.org Logistics support and stockpile The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change MECHANISMS TO REDUCE DISASTER RISKS: DISASTER PREPAREDNESS Strengthening organization and inter- agency arrangements Photo courtesy of iloilocdrrmo.blogspot.com The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change MECHANISMS TO REDUCE DISASTER RISKS: DISASTER RESPONSE “The provision of emergency services and public assistance during or immediately after a disaster in order to save lives, reduce health impacts, ensure public safety, and meet the basic subsistence needs of people affected” (RA 10121, section no. 3). The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change MECHANISMS TO REDUCE DISASTER RISKS: DISASTER RESPONSE Damage Needs Capacity Assessment (DANA) The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change MECHANISMS TO REDUCE DISASTER RISKS: DISASTER RESPONSE Search and Rescue The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change MECHANISMS TO REDUCE DISASTER RISKS: DISASTER RESPONSE Psycho-social Counseling (comforting, critical stress debriefing, prayers Photo courtesy of owwa.gov.ph Setting up of Emergency Operations Center Photo courtesy of teamasia.com (for major disasters) The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change MECHANISMS TO REDUCE DISASTER RISKS: REHABILITATION AND RECOVERY Refers to measures taken after a disaster to “restore or improve the pre-disaster living conditions of a stricken community, while encouraging and facilitating necessary adjustments to reduce disaster risk” (UNISDR, no date). The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change MECHANISMS TO REDUCE DISASTER RISKS: REHABILITATION AND RECOVERY Actions under this phase include: Resumption of the provision of basic services Repair of physical damage and community facilities Revival of economic activities and development/improvement of DRRM mechanisms The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change VIDEO ON CLIMATE CHANGE The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change WHAT IS CLIMATE CHANGE? “the deviation from the normal trend of climate variables (such as temperature, humidity) which is attributed directly or indirectly to human activity that alters the composition of the global atmosphere and which is in addition to the natural climate variability over comparable periods of time” (United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change) The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change WHAT CAUSES RAPID CLIMATE CHANGE? Greenhouse effect which results in rapid rise in global temperature Presence of excessive greenhouse gasses --- carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, etc. in the earth’s atmosphere which traps the sun’s heat The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change WHAT CAUSES RAPID CLIMATE CHANGE? Greenhouse gases absorb energy from the sun by trapping The Philippineitcontext, CHILD-CENTERED in the atmosphere, COMMUNITY-BASED the importanceDISASTER to RISK of Disaster warm Reductionthe RiskREDUCTION AND earth: (DRR) this and adapting to is the rapid ClimateGreenhouse MANAGEMENT TRAINING Change Effect WHAT ARE THE HUMAN ACTVITIES THAT RESULT IN INCREASED RISK OF CLIMATE CHANGE? Burning of fuels such as coal, oil, and gas Industrial processes which generate human- made gas Raising farm animals and http://www.commercialpressuresonland.org/sites/ use of pesticides and default/files/images/palm-oil-deforestation.jpg chemical fertilizers Deforestation The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change WHAT ARE THE EFFECTS AND IMPACT OF RAPID CLIMATE CHANGE? Ice melts in the arctic making sea level rise Sea water warms and evaporates more rapidly, which leads to the increase in number and intensity of http://www.independent.co.uk/incoming/ typhoons, hurricanes, and all article8070074.ece/alternates/w620/pg-6-arctic- ice-pa.jpg tropical storms Extreme weather patterns The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change WHAT ARE THE EFFECTS AND IMPACT OF RAPID CLIMATE CHANGE? Rising seas and extreme weather conditions affect our: Agriculture and food security (decrease in or destruction of crop yields and livestock, higher demand for irrigation) Health (weather-related deaths, infectious diseases, mosquito-bite or parasite- related ailments, air quality- https://farm8.staticflickr.com/ 7063/6907093395_8916ba254c respiratory illnesses) _o.jpg The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change WHAT ARE THE EFFECTS AND IMPACT OF RAPID CLIMATE CHANGE? Coastal Areas (erosion of beaches, inundated coastal lands, cost to defend coastal communities) Forest (change in forest composition and coverage) The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change WHAT ARE THE EFFECTS AND IMPACT OF RAPID CLIMATE CHANGE? Species and natural areas (loss of habitat and species, shift on ecological zones) Water Resource (change in water supply and quality, http://imagizer.imageshack.us/a/img33/7906/goodef.jpg increased competition for water), (Climate Change The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) rapid Climate Change and adaptingCommission, to no date) WHAT ARE THE MEASURES TO ADDRESS THE EFFECTS AND IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE? Phases of Phases of DISASTER RISK REDUCTION CLIMATE CHANGE AND MANAGEMENT ADAPTATION ADAPTATION Prevention and Mitigation Process of (human) adjustment to actual or expected climate and its effects in order to Preparedness moderate harm of exploit beneficial opportunities MITIGATION Response Technological change and changes in activities that reduce resource inputs and emissions per unit of output, AND, implementing Recovery and Rehabilitation policies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and enhance (carbon) sinks The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change WHAT CCA/M MEASURES CAN WE DO AS ORDINARY PEOPLE OR AS A COMMUNITY? Change your incandescent light bulbs with compact fluorescent lights (CFLs) Turn off lights when not in use http://greateasternappliances.com/wp-content/ Have your cars regularly uploads/2014/09/12432607_xxl.jpg checked for efficient engine The Philippine performance context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change WHAT CCA/M MEASURES CAN WE DO AS ORDINARY PEOPLE OR AS A COMMUNITY? Walk or use a bicycle when traveling short distances. Take the public transport when going to some distant place. Clean your refrigerator regularly. Do not set the thermostat higher than http://gulfnews.com/polopoly_fs/1.1067531!/ image/985219092.jpg_gen/derivatives/ box_475/985219092.jpg necessary. Minimize or avoid the use of home appliances that eat up The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change too much energy. WHAT CCA/M MEASURES CAN WE DO AS ORDINARY PEOPLE OR AS A COMMUNITY? Use solar panels installed in your home. Use electricity coming from renewable energy sources if available in your area. Buy recycled products and actively create a market for them. Before buying an item, check if the product or its packaging is recyclable. Buy less, use less and reuse as much as possible. The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change WHAT CCA/M MEASURES CAN WE DO AS ORDINARY PEOPLE OR AS A COMMUNITY? DRRM and CCA/M endeavors should come from us, from ordinary community members, LGU officials, along with the most vulnerable sectors of our community. The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change WHAT CAN CHILDREN DO TO HELP REDUCE THE EFFECTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE? Children can: Conserve water Conserve electricity Recycle (recycling projects) Help in waste segregation at home and in school Inform peers and their family regarding climate change and how to mitigate its The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climateeffects Change SESSION 1-3 LOCAL AND NATIONAL DISASTER SITUATION BASIC CONCEPTS ON DISASTER RISK REDUCTION & MANAGEMENT(DRRM) AND CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION(CCA) CHILD-CENTERED COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT(CBDRRM) AS AN APPROACH TO DRRM AND CCA THE LEGAL BASES FOR COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT(CBDRRM) The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change VIDEOS ON THE IMPACT OF ONDOY & YOLANDA The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change WHO ARE THE FIRST RESPONDERS WHEN DISASTERS OCCUR? Family members Neighbors Barangay Officials http://gallery.sunstar.com.ph/Other/August-2013/i-SrZHTSM/0/L/Sawang %20Calero%20fire-L.jpg The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change WHAT IS COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT? Defined as “activities, measures, projects and programs that aim to reduce disaster risks and are primarily designed by people living in high-risk communities, and are based on their urgent needs and capacities” (UNDP, 2006, p.92). The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change WHAT ARE THE STEPS IN IMPLEMENTING CBDRRM? 1. Formation or activation of the Barangay Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Committee (BDRRMC) 2. Participatory Community Risk Assessment 3. Participatory CBDRRM Planning 4. Community-Managed Implementation The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change WHAT ARE THE STEPS IN IMPLEMENTING CBDRRM? 5. Participatory Monitoring and Evaluation 6. Continuous strengthening of the BDRMMC and barangay support groups/organizations 7. Progressing towards safety, resilience and community development The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change VIDEO ON THE BANABA EXPERIENCE The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change SESSION 1.4 LOCAL AND NATIONAL DISASTER SITUATION BASIC CONCEPTS ON DISASTER RISK REDUCTION & MANAGEMENT(DRRM) AND CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION(CCA) CHILD-CENTERED COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT(CBDRRM) AS AN APPROACH TO DRRM AND CCA THE LEGAL BASES FOR COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT(CBDRRM) The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change LEGAL BASES FOR CBDRRM © http://pleonline.ca/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/slider3.jpg The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change PARADIGM SHIFT PD1566 RA 10121 Top-down and Bottom-up and centralized disaster participatory disaster management risk reduction Disasters as merely a Disasters mainly a function of physical reflection of people’s hazards vulnerability Integrated approach to Focus on disaster genuine social and response and human development to anticipation reduce disaster risk The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change KEY PLAYERS UNDER RA 10121 National Local Governmen Governmen t t Civil Community Society The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change KEY PLAYERS UNDER RA 10121 Overseeing Implementing National National OCD OCD (Secretariat National DCC DCC (Secretariat) OCD ) DRRMC Regional Regional Regional DCC DCC OCD Provincial Provincia Provincial DCC l DRRMC DRRMO City/ City/ City/ Municipal Municipal Municipal DCC DRRMC DRRMO Barangay Barangay Barangay DRRM Devt. DCC Council Committee The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change NDDRM FRAMEWORK Preparedness Response Prevention & Rehabilitation & Mitigation Recovery The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change GOVERNANCE Governor/Mayor Chair DRRM Engineerin Health Officer g Officer Officer Liga ng mga PNRC PNP AFP Barangay Superinten Planning Bureau Gender dent of & Dev’t of Fire & Dev’t DepEd Officer Protectio Officer n Social Agricultur Veterinary Budget Welfare & e Officer Officer Officer Dev’t Officer Private CSO CSO CSO CSO Sector The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change GOVERNANCE DRRM Officer Administrative & Research & Operations & Training Planning Warning The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change GOVERNANCE Barangay PDRRMC Chairperson MDRRMC Enrico Caparas Cecil Magdasoc (Kagawad DRR Focal Person) Disaster Operations Center Ramiro Lapuz Isabelita Abulencia Jay-ar Angeles (Deputy) (Kagawad) (Kagawad) Jomar De Jesus Ledinia Consatantino Dionisio Capule (Brgy. Driver) Edwardo Gasgonia (Kagawad) (Kagawad) (Chief) Alfonso Ramos Ruel Magtalas Transportation (Kagawad) (Brgy. Secretary) Security Supply Communication Ledinia Cecil Jay-ar Angeles Constantino Jay-ar Angeles Ledinia Ruby Cabral Magdasoc (Kagawad) (Kagawad) (kagawad) Abulencia Jose Al (LLN) (Kagawad) (Kagawad) Estrella Isabelita Joseal Estrella Jose Al Abulencia Dionisio (Kagawad) Corazon (Kagawad) Estrella (kagawad) Capule Ruby Cabral Magtalas Dionisio (Kagawad) Ruby Cabral (kagawad) (ML) Search (BHW) Capule (LLN) (Kagawad) Ramiro Lapuz and Fire Corazon Early (Chief Tanod) Evacuatio Magtalas Rescue Manageme Damage Warning First Aid nt n (BHW) Relief Control The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change RA 9729 Climate Change Act of 2009 This law creates the Climate Change Commission, the body responsible for developing and mainstreaming climate change policies The national framework strategy on climate change or NFSCC which forms the basis of the national climate change action plan (NCCAP) The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change RA 9729 The NCCAP requires LGUs to ensure that they have climate change adaptation and mitigation measures through the local climate change action plan (LCCAP), DRRM plan, land use plan and other relevant plans. The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change EXERCISE 1-3: DRRM Related Laws How the law relates to Law Provision DRR/CCA The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change RELATED LAWS RA 7160 Local Government Code of 1991 RA 9275 Clean Water Act of 2004 RA 8749 Clean Air Act RA 9003 Ecological Solid Waste Management Act RA 8550 Philippine Fisheries Code of 1998 The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change RELATED LAWS RA 6969 Toxic and Hazardous Waste Act RA 8371 Indigenous Rights Act of 1997 The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change RELATED LAWS How the law relates to Law Provision DRR/CCA RA 7160 Provides the LGUs with the Mandates local chief Local responsibility to deliver executives (LCEs) to carry Government basic services including out emergency measures Code of health, agriculture, social as may be necessary 1991 welfare, and aspects of during, and in the environment and natural aftermath of man-made resources. and natural disasters Calls for active and direct participation of non- governmental organizations and people’s organizations in local governance through representation in local development councils The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change RELATED LAWS How the law relates to Law Provision DRR/CCA RA 7160 Gives LGUs regulatory and Enjoins the local Local licensing functions to development councils to Government reclassify agricultural lands, adopt measures to Code of enforce environmental laws, protect the inhabitants 1991 and enforce the national of the locality from the building code. harmful effects of disasters and to provide Mandates local chief relief services and executives (LCEs) to carry assistance for victims out emergency measures as during and in the may be necessary during, aftermath of said and in the aftermath of man- disasters and their made and natural disasters return to productive livelihood following said Mandates the formulation of events local development The Philippine context, the importance councils of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change RELATED LAWS How the law relates to Law Provision DRR/CCA RA 7160 Empowers ordinary citizens Local to remove elected officials Government (recall) and pass legislation Code of through people’s initiative 1991 The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change RELATED LAWS How the law relates to Law Provision DRR/CCA RA 9275 Localized water quality Local government units Clean Water management with governing have the responsibility Act of 2004 boards to manage water for water quality quality issues within their monitoring, emergency jurisdiction response, compliance with the Framework of Requires LGUs to construct the Water Quality and maintain sewage and/or Management Action septage treatment facilities Plan, active participation in all efforts to ensure water quality protection and rehabilitation. The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change RELATED LAWS How the law relates to Law Provision DRR/CCA RA 8749 Provides measures to reduce Mandates the Clean Air air pollution and incorporate responsibility of Act environmental protection government (national into the government’s and local) in complying development plans. with international agreements pertaining Sets emission standards for to Clean Air and climate all motor vehicles and issues change framework registration only upon demonstration of compliance The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change RELATED LAWS How the law relates to Law Provision DRR/CCA RA 8749 Bans incineration and Clean Air smoking in public places. Act Mandates the formulation of a national and sub-national plan consistent with the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and other international instruments for the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions Allow LGUs to set emission quotas by pollution source The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change RELATED LAWS How the law relates to Law Provision DRR/CCA RA 9003 Gives power to LGUs to Authorizes the LGUs to Ecological manage their respective plan for and implement Solid Waste solid wastes mitigation measures Managemen such as waste t Act Requires waste segregation segregation, proper at source solid waste management, Calls for the composting of promotion of recycling biodegradable waste to be used as organic fertilizer Enforcement of the law such as recycling and reuse results to the reduction of greenhouse gases The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change RELATED LAWS How the law relates to Law Provision DRR/CCA RA 9003 Provides for the Ecological establishment of Materials Solid Waste Recovery Facility (MRF) at Managemen the barangay level t Act Requires municipal/city governments to construct sanitary landfill at the city/municipality level The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change RELATED LAWS How the law relates to Law Provision DRR/CCA RA 8550 Promotes and protects the Enforcement of the law Philippine rights of municipal fishers, contributes to Fisheries especially in the preferential mitigation of risks and Code of use of municipal waters increases capacity 1998 through food security Provides that at least 15% of the total coastal areas in each municipality be designated as fishery refuge and sanctuaries The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change RELATED LAWS How the law relates to Law Provision DRR/CCA RA 8550 Promotes the participation Philippine of fishers in the Fisheries management of fisheries Code of through the Fisheries and 1998 Aquatic Resources Management Councils (FARMCs) Promotes the safeguarding of marine environment to ensure adequate food supply The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change RELATED LAWS How the law relates to Law Provision DRR/CCA RA 6969 Mandates the regulation,  Enforcement of the law Toxic and restriction or prohibition of mitigates potential risks Hazardous the importation, Waste Act manufacture, processing, sale, distribution, use and disposal of chemical substances and mixtures that present unreasonable risk and/or injury to health or the environment The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change RELATED LAWS How the law relates to Law Provision DRR/CCA RA 8371 Indigenous people’s Ensures protection of Indigenous (IP)ownership and IPs’ rights before, during Rights Act of management of their and after a disaster 1997 ancestral domain (lands, waters, mineral and other Compliance to the law natural resources) by the IPs contributes to increased capacity Upholds the rights of IPs in case of displacement as a result of disasters, which include resettlement in suitable areas (whether temporary or permanent depending on the situation), and provision of basic services and livelihood The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change RELATED LAWS How the law relates to Law Provision DRR/CCA RA 8371 Stipulates the Indigenous responsibilities of IPs for Rights Act of maintaining ecological 1997 balance, restoration of denuded areas and compliance with relevant laws The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change SUMMARY Describe the hazards and disasters experienced in our respective locality; we also related these to the overall disaster situation of the Philippines The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change SUMMARY Explain how the Philippines is prone to various types of hazards because of our geographical location and topographical features – being situated in the Pacific Ring of Fire and in the busy typhoon belt Define key concepts such as HAZARDS, DISASTERS, EXPOSURE, VULNERABILITY, CAPACITY, and DISASTER RISK The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change SUMMARY Understand how not all hazards are disasters and that they only become such when the damage is extensive and the community has no or little capacity to cope The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change SUMMARY Explain how disaster risk is measured by the level of exposure to hazards, the vulnerability and capacity of the population/community; how disaster risk is great when the vulnerability is greater than the capacity, and how it is less when capacity is greater than vulnerability Disaster Risk (DR) = Hazard x Vulnerability Capacity The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to rapid Climate Change SUMMARY Discuss climate change: definition, cause, what we can do Discuss the importance of child-centered CBDRRM/CCA as an approach to prepare for and respond to the local and national disaster situation Explain the legal bases (RA 10121 and RA 9729) upon which CBDRRM/CCA are anchored, and the The Philippine context, the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and adapting to other related laws rapid Climate Change

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