Midterm Study Guide 2024 PDF

Midterm Study Guide - 2024 PEEL Paragraph: What is a PEEL paragraph? PEEL paragraph is a way of writing essays/paragraphs that helps writers structure their thoughts and organize their ideas. What does each letter of the acronym stand for? ○ Point: State your m...

Midterm Study Guide - 2024 PEEL Paragraph: What is a PEEL paragraph? PEEL paragraph is a way of writing essays/paragraphs that helps writers structure their thoughts and organize their ideas. What does each letter of the acronym stand for? ○ Point: State your main argument or point of view. ○ Evidence: Provide evidence to support your point. ○ Explanation: Explain how your evidence supports your point. ○ Link: Link back to your main argument MLA Structure, MLA Formatting, MLA Citation: How do we set up a page according to MLA structure? The page should be formatted with 1-inch margins and double-spacing throughout. What goes in the heading and what goes in the header? In which order? 1. Heading: Your name, instructor's name, course title, and date. 2. Header: Your last name and page number should be in the right corner of each page. Order: Your Name Instructor's Name Course Title Date How do we set up a citation page according to MLA? The citation page (Works Cited) should have a hanging indent for each entry, and sources must be listed in alphabetical order. In which order do we put information down when citing sources? Generally, the order is: Author's Last Name, First Name. "Title of the Work." Title of the Container, other contributors, version, number, Publisher, Publication Date, Location. Short Stories Unit: What is a short story? A short story is a brief fictional narrative that usually focuses on a singular theme or character. What are the elements of a short story? The key elements include plot, character, setting, conflict, and theme.  What goes into the story plot structure and in which order? The story plot structure typically includes exposition, rising action, climax, falling action, and resolution. Explain all the parts of the plot diagram. ○ Exposition: Establishes the story’s main characters, setting, and tone. ○ Inciting Incident: The moment that sets the action in motion and presents the obstacles faced by the characters. ○ Rising Action: The series of events that shift the plot toward the climax, building tension and conflict. ○ Complication Introduces challenges or obstacles for the protagonist, enhancing conflict and tension in the story. ○ Climax: The highest point of tension in the story, where the reader knows who or what will succeed in winning the conflict. ○ Reversal A dramatic change in the narrative, shifting the protagonist’s situation from good to bad or vice versa, creating unpredictability. ○ Falling Action: The events that follow the climax and lead toward a resolution, shifting the plot toward a stage of equilibrium. ○ Resolution: The conclusion where conflicts are resolved, marking the end of the narrative arc and reflecting character growth ○ Denouement: The final part that unravels the plot, clarifies events, and ties up loose ends, providing insight into the outcome. Poetry Unit: What is Poetry? Poetry is a literary form that expresses ideas, emotions, or stories through a distinct style and rhythm. What are the elements of poetry? Elements include meter, rhyme, imagery, and figurative language. Know types of poetry, formal and modern poetry and their definitions. ○ Formal Poetry: Includes structured forms like sonnets, haikus, and ballads. ○ Modern Poetry: Includes free verse, slam poetry, odes, elegies, narratives, and lyrics. ○ Visual Poetry: Features concrete poetry, found poetry, blackout poetry, and acrostics. Know the following figurative languages from your poetry ppt: ○ Simile: A comparison using "like" or "as." ○ Metaphor: A direct comparison between two unlike things. ○ Personification: Giving human traits to nonhuman things. ○ Alliteration: The repetition of initial consonant sounds. ○ Enjambment: The continuation of a sentence without a pause beyond the end of a line. ○ Caesura: A pause in a line of poetry, often indicated by punctuation. Mythology Unit:  What is oral tradition? Oral tradition refers to the practice of passing stories, customs, and beliefs through spoken word from one generation to another. What is a myth? A myth is a traditional story that explains natural phenomena or cultural beliefs, often involving supernatural beings. Where does the word myth come from? The word "myth" comes from the Greek word "mythos," meaning "story" or "narrative." What are the elements of myth? Elements include characters (gods, heroes), themes (creation, morality), and settings (cosmic or earthly). What is a legend? A legend is a narrative that is regarded as a historical tale but often contains elements of folklore. What are the characteristics of a legend story? Legends often contain heroic figures, historical events, and embellishments that enhance the narrative. What are urban legends? Urban legends are contemporary myths that circulate as true stories, often with moral lessons. What is a fable? A fable is a short story that typically features animals as characters and conveys a moral lesson. What is an archetype? An archetype is a typical character, action, or situation that represents universal patterns of human nature. What are the three categories of an archetype? Explain and give examples. 1. Character Archetypes: Hero (e.g., Harry Potter), Mentor (e.g., Gandalf). 2. Situational Archetypes: The Quest (e.g., Frodo's journey), The Task (e.g., Hercules' labors). 3. Symbolic Archetypes: Light vs. Darkness, Water as a symbol of life. Hero’s Journey Unit: What is a hero’s journey? The hero’s journey is a narrative structure that outlines the adventure of the hero, including their transformation and growth. What are the two ways heroes are fated to become one? Heroes may be born into greatness or called to adventure through an external force. Who introduced the concept of the Hero’s Journey? Joseph Campbell introduced the concept in his work "The Hero with a Thousand Faces." What are the three main acts of the hero’s journey? 1. Departure 2. Initiation 3. Return What are the 12 stages of the Hero’s Journey? 1. Ordinary World  2. Call to Adventure 3. Refusal of the Call 4. Meeting the Mentor 5. Crossing the Threshold 6. Tests, Allies, Enemies 7. Approach to the Inmost Cave 8. Ordeal 9. Reward 10. The Road Back 11. Resurrection 12. Return with the Elixir What are some common themes in The Hero’s Journey? Themes include self-discovery, sacrifice, and the struggle between good and evil. What are the common archetypes in the hero’s journey? Archetypes include the Hero, Mentor, Shadow (villain), and the Trickster. Image Analysis: Practice image analysis and focus on the following elements: ○ Composition: The arrangement of visual elements. ○ Symbolism: Representations of deeper meanings. ○ Visual storytelling: The narrative conveyed through images. ○ Cultural and historical context: The background influencing the image's creation. Vocabulary: PEEL Paragraph: Point: A statement or argument. Evidence: Support for the point. Explanation: Clarification of evidence. Link: Connection back to the argument. Hero’s Journey: Mentor: A guiding figure. Return: The hero’s journey back home. Redemption: The hero's atonement. Hubris: Excessive pride. Herald: The announcement of change. Initiation: The hero's beginning of trials. Divine favor: Support from gods. Boon: The hero's reward. Departure: The hero's leave from the ordinary world. Mythology: Myth: A traditional story. Urban legend: A modern tale with a moral. Divine intervention: Godly involvement in human affairs. Divine punishment: Retribution from gods. Archetype: A universal symbol. Vanity: Excessive pride in oneself. Consequences: Outcomes of actions. Narcissism: Extreme self-focus. Oral tradition: Storytelling passed down verbally. Poetry: Prose: Written language in its ordinary form. Connotation: Implied meaning of a word. Denotation: Literal meaning of a word. Moda(Shift): A term related to modes of expression. § Metaphor: A figure of speech that compares. Enjambment: Continuation of a thought beyond a line break. Caesura: A pause in a line of poetry. Short story: Setting: The time and place of a story. Conflict: Struggle between opposing forces. Theme: The central message. Symbolism: Use of symbols to signify ideas. Flashback: A scene set in a time earlier than the main story. Mood: The atmosphere of the story. Tone: The author's attitude toward the subject. Image Analysis: Visual Rhetoric: The use of images to communicate. Composition: The arrangement of elements in an artwork. Visual storytelling: The narrative conveyed through images. Historical context: The backdrop of the time period. Cultural context: The social and cultural influences on the piece. Symbolism: Representations of deeper meanings. Practice Image Analysis: Elements of visual analysis: Focus on composition, symbolism, visual storytelling, and cultural/historical context. Practice Image Analysis with the following pictures using the elements and PEEL: 1. A working group of people looking up at the sky.  2. A young boy suspended in midair flip. Practice PEEL Paragraph Writing: Practice PEEL with the following prompts: Remember that your point is an argument. Prompt 1: Should cellphones be banned from schools? Example of point: Cell Phones should be banned from schools. (this is a point I can argue) Prompt 2: A meaningful friendship is built on trust. Prompt 3: It is essential for everyone to travel once in their lifetime. A little something for you guys: MLA format: ○ Know how we set up the page and that the margins are set to 1 inch. ○ Your last name and page number must be on the right side of the page as a header. ○ Works cited page requires hanging indent and the sources need to be in alphabetical order. ○ You don’t bold anything, including your title. The correct order for the heading and title placement: ○ Laila Henry ○ Ms. Wagner ○ English 10 ○ May 15, 2022.