World Literature Study Guide Exam #1 PDF

World Literature Study Guide -- Exam \#1 I. **[Short Answer] - You will be asked a series of questions about the stories we have read. Please answer with a phrase or short sentence.** **[Gilgamesh]** **What do the people complain about concerning Gilgamesh's behavior?** **Who is created...

World Literature Study Guide -- Exam \#1 I. **[Short Answer] - You will be asked a series of questions about the stories we have read. Please answer with a phrase or short sentence.** **[Gilgamesh]** **What do the people complain about concerning Gilgamesh's behavior?** **Who is created in order to deal with Gilgamesh?** **What trouble does \[Answer to \#2\] cause?** **What plan is devised in order to deal with \[Answer to \#2\]'s trouble?** **Once \[Answer to \#2\] sleeps with Shamhat, he is rejected by what?** **Name one of the symbolic objects that represents \[Answer to \#2\] in Gilgamesh's dreams.** **What monster do the two heroes in Gilgamesh first decide to subdue?** **[Genesis]** **Genesis provides two narratives in its first two chapters. What is the purpose of each?** **What did God do on the seventh day in Genesis 2?** **What reasons does God provide for creating woman?** **What does the Lord God tell Adam and Eve will occur if they eat of the tree of knowledge of good and evil?** **Genesis says the serpent was the most \[adjective\] of all the beasts of the field that the Lord God had made.** **What is one of the woman's punishments after the fruit is eaten?** **What is one of the man's punishments after the fruit is eaten?** **[Ruth]** **Who is Naomi's husband who passes early in the story?** **What does Naomi tell Ruth and Orpah once her sons pass?** **T or F: Orpah stays with Naomi.** **How does Ruth meet Boaz?** **[The Odyssey]** **The opening line of *The Odyssey*, says, "Tell me about a \[adjective\] man." What is the adjective?** **Odysseus is heading home after what experience?** **Which goddess advocates for Odysseus?** **Athena disguises herself as whom when she speaks with Telemachus?** **What is happening at Odysseus's home as he is attempting to get back?** **T or F: Calypso refuses to marry Odysseus.** **Name one way Odysseus escapes the Cyclops.** **[The Aeneid]** **Which goddess has a grudge against the Trojans?** **What does this goddess do in the first book of *The Aeneid* in an attempt to thwart him?** **Aeneas is destined to found which great city?** **Dido attempts to get Aeneas to found which city instead?** **Which of Aeneas's friends is mentioned in a story that causes him to weep?** **Whom do the gods ask Aeneas to consider in leaving Dido to pursue his destiny?** **How does Dido respond to Aeneas's decision to leave?** **[Identification] -- You will be given a quotation from one of the stories or poems we have read. Fill in the blank, correctly identifying the work from which the quote is taken.** **[Gilgamesh]** **"He who saw the wellspring, the foundations of the land, / Who knew the ways, was wise in all things, / \[Answer\], who saw the wellspring, the foundations of the land, / He knew the ways, was wise in all things, / He it was who inspected holy places everywhere, / Full understanding of it all he gained."** **"The hunter made ready to speak, saying to his father: / My father, there is a certain fellow who has come / from the uplands, / He is the mightiest in the land, strength is his, / Like the force of heaven, so mighty is his strength. / He constantly ranges over the uplands, / Constantly feeding on grass with beasts, / Constantly making his way to the edge of the water hole."** **"Let this befall according to the command of the great / counselor Enlil, / I want a friend for my own counselor, / For my own counselor do I want a friend! / Even while he was having dreams, / Shamhat was telling the dreams of \[Answer\] to Enkidu, / Each was drawn by love to the other."** **"My cheeks would not be emaciated, nor my face cast down, / Nor my heart wretched, nor my features wastes, / Nor would there be woe in my vitals, / Nor would my face be like a traveler's from afar, / Nor would my features be weathered by cold and sun, / Nor would I be clad in a lion skin, roaming the steppe, / But for my friend, swift wild donkey, mountain onager, panther, of the steppe."** **[Genesis]** **"When God began to create heaven and earth, and the earth was welter and waste and darkness over the deep and God's breath hovering over the waters, God said, "Let there be light." And there was light. And God saw the light, that it was good, and God divided the light from the darkness. And God called the light Day, and the darkness he called Night."** **[Genesis cont'd]** **"And God created the human in his image, / in the image of God He created him, / male and female He created them."** **"Now the serpent was the most cunning of all the beasts of the field that the Lord God had made. And he said to the woman, 'Though God said, you shall not eat from any tree of the garden---' And the woman said to the serpent, 'From the fruit of the garden's trees we may eat, but of the fruit of the tree in the midst of the garden God has said, "You shall not eat from it and you shall not touch it, lest you die."' And the serpent said to the woman, 'You shall not be doomed to die. For God knows that on the day you eat of it your eyes will be opened and you will become as gods knowing good and evil.'"** **"And the Lord saw that the evil of the human creature was great on the earth and that every scheme of his heart's devising was only perpetually evil. And the Lord regretted having made the human on earth and was grieved to the heart."** **[Ruth]** "Now it came to pass in the days when the judges ruled, that there was a famine in the land. And a certain man of Bethlehem in Judah went to reside in the country of Moab, he, and his wife, and his two sons. And the name of the man was Elimelech, and the name of his wife Naomi, and the name of his two sons Mahlon and Chilion, Ephrathites of Bethlehem in Judah. And they came to the land of Moab, and remained there." "But Naomi replied, 'Turn back, my daughters: why should you go with me? Have I any more sons in my womb, that they may be your husbands? Turn back, my daughters, go your way; for I am too old to have a husband. Even if I should say, I have hope, if I should marry tonight, and also bear sons; would you until they were grown? Should you stay for them and deprive yourselves from having husbands? No, my daughters! My lot is far more bitter than yours, for the hand of the Lord has gone out against me.'" "And she said to them, 'Do not call me Naomi, call me Mara: for God (Shaddai) has made my lot very bitter. I went away full and the Lord has brought me home again empty: why then call me Naomi, seeing the Lord has dealt harshly against me, when Shaddai has afflicted me?'" "And Naomi said to her daughter in law, 'Blessed be he of the Lord, who has not left off his kindness to the living and to the dead!' Naomi explained to her daughter in law, 'The man is related to us, he is one of our redeeming kinsmen.'" **[The Odyssey]** **"All the other Greeks / who had survived the brutal sack of Troy / sailed safely home to their own wives---except / this man alone. Calypso, a great goddess, / had trapped him in her cave; she wanted him / to be her husband."** **"'You suitors, you are taking this too far. / Let us enjoy the feast in peace. It is / a lovely thing to listen to a bard, / especially one with such a godlike voice. / At dawn, let us assemble in the square. I have to tell you this---it is an order. / You have to leave my halls. Go dine elsewhere!'"** **"'Laodamas, why mock me with this challenge? / My heart is set on sorrow, not on games, / since I have suffered and endured so much / that now I only want to get back home. / I sit here praying to your king and people / to grant my wish."** **"'One ram was best of all the flock; I grabbed / his back and curled myself up underneath / his furry belly, clinging to his fleece; / by force of will I kept on hanging there. / And then we waited miserably for day."** **[The Aeneid ]** **"War and a man I sing---an exile driven on by Fate, / he was the first to flee the coast of Troy, / destined to reach Lavinian shores and Italian soil, / yet many blows he took on land and sea from the gods above--- / thanks to cruel Juno's relentless rage---and many losses / he bore in battle too, before he could found a city, / bring his gods to Latium, source of the Latin race, / the Alban lords and the high walls of Rome."** **"Cupid leaps at once / to his loving mother's orders. Shedding his wings / he masquerades as Iulus, prancing with his stride. / But now Venus distils a deep, soothing sleep / into Iulus' limbs, and warming him in her breast / the goddess spirits him off to her high Idalian grove / where beds of marjoram breathe and embrace him with aromatic / flowers and rustling shade."** **"Is that how well you know Ulysses? Trust me, / either the Greeks are hiding, shut inside those beams, / or the horse is a battle-engine geared to breach our walls, / spy on our homes, come down on our city, overwhelm us--- / or some other deception's lurking deep inside it."** **"Three times he tried to fling his arms around his neck, / three times he embraced---nothing... the phantom / sifting through his fingers, / light as wind, quick as a dream in flight."** **[Li Po]** **"The Sun Rises and Sets"** **The sun comes up from its nook in the east, / Seems to rise from beneath the earth, / Passes on through Heaven, / sets once again in the western sea, / And where, oh, where can its team of six dragons / every find any rest?** **"South of the Walls we Fought"** **We fought last year at the Sanggan's source, / this year we fight on the Cong River road. / We washed weapons in the surf of Tiaozhi, / grazed horses on grass in Sky Mountain's snow."** **"Question and Answer in the Mountains"** **They ask me why I live in the green mountains. / I smile and don't reply; my heart's at ease. / Peach blossoms flow downstream, leaving no trace--- / And there are other earths and skies than these.** **"Drinking Alone with the Moon"** **The moon does not know how to drink; / My shadow mimes my capering; / But I'll make merry with them both--- / And soon enough it will be spring.** **[Du Fu]** **"Moonlight Night"** **From her room in Fuzhou tonight, / all alone she watches the moon. / Far away, I grieve that her children / can't understand why she think's of Chang'an. / Fragrant mist in her cloud hair damp, / clear lucense on her jade arms cold--- / when will we lean by chamber curtains / and let it light the two of us, our tear stains dried?** **"Spring Prospect"** **The nation shattered, mountains and rivers remain; / city in spring, grass and trees burgeoning. / Feeling the times, blossoms draw tears; / halting separation, birds alarm the heart.** **"I Stand Alone"** **A single bird of prey beyond the sky, / a pair of white gulls between riverbanks. / Hovering wind-tossed, ready to strike; / the pair, at their ease, roaming to and fro. / And the dew is also full on the grasses, / spiders' filaments still not drawn in.** **"Thoughts While Traveling at Night"** **Light breeze on the fine grass. / I stand alone at the mast. / Stars lean on the vast wild plain. / Moon bobs in the Great River's spate. / Letters have brought no fame. / Office? Too old to obtain. / Drifting, what am I like? / A gull between earth and sky.** **[Multiple Choice] -- You will be asked a question concerning one of the works we have read. Select the correct answer from the options provided.** **[Gilgamesh]** **1. \_\_\_\_\_ Towards the end of his story, Gilgamesh want what in order to deal with his grief?** A. **A new companion B. To sleep for years C. Eternal life D. Abundant wealth** **2. \_\_\_\_\_ In Gilgamesh, what steals the plant from the hero?** **A. A god B. A large fish C. A hunter D. A serpent** **[Genesis]** **3. \_\_\_\_\_ How many languages were spoken before Babel was built?** **A. Ten B. Fifty C. One D. Two** **4. \_\_\_\_\_ What did the dove bring back to Noah?** **A. Fig leaf B. Bamboo shoot C. Olive leaf D. Blackberry seed** **[Ruth]** **5. \_\_\_\_\_ What does Naomi want to find for Ruth?** **A. A home B. An education C. A job D. A lost will** **6. \_\_\_\_\_ What did Ruth do before lying down at Boaz's feet?** **A. Poured wine B. Uncovered his feet C. Prayed D. Washed his feet** **[The Odyssey]** **7. \_\_\_\_\_ Once Odysseus has slain the suitors, he decides the family will need to do what?** **A. Exile to the farm B. Go to authorities C. Establish new kingdom D. Call down Athena** **8. \_\_\_\_\_ Odysseus flies into hysterics when Penelope tells him what?** **A. Trojans are near B. Telemachus has died C. She remarried D. She moved the bed.** **[The Aeneid]** **9. \_\_\_\_\_ What is engraved on Aenas's shield?** **A. The Trojan War B. Rome's history C. The City of Ithaca D. His deceased friend Hector** **10. \_\_\_\_\_ Aeneas goes to the underworld for the purpose of seeing whom?** **A. Ascanius B. Anchises C. Hades D. Charon** **[Discussion] -- You will be provided a series of questions. You may pick one of your choice and answer it in 3-5 paragraphs of 5-7 sentences each. Make direct reference to the work related to your question, proving a thesis statement that you set up in the initial introductory paragraph and then prove in subsequent paragraphs.** **In Romans 11:36, Paul states, "For of him, and through him, and to him, are all things: to whom be the glory forever. Amen." In this verse, Paul gives all glory to God. From the stories in Genesis to Aeneas's journey, so much of our ancient literature explores characters being destined for great things and ultimately making a name for themselves. What does it mean to make a name for oneself? Can one intentionally attempt to make a name for oneself and also give all glory to God? Is that a contradiction? Explain. Are there characters in our readings that give glory to God? Are there those that are strictly out for their own power and influence? What is the difference? Refer to at least two moments in your readings for this section that demonstrate your answer.** **In John 15:13, Jesus says, "There is no greater love than to lay down one's life for one's friends." Here, Christ describes perhaps the ultimate act of selflessness: giving one's life for someone else. There are moments in our readings that deal specifically with selflessness. In your own words, what is selflessness? Refer to a character from our readings who acts selflessly, in particular for a friend or loved one. Are there difficulties to selflessness? What are they? Are there rewards? What are they? Do any characters in our readings demonstrate the difficulties and rewards of selflessness? Explain.** **In his *The Four Loves*, C.S. Lewis states, "God, who needs nothing, loves into existence wholly superfluous creatures in order that He may love and perfect them. He creates the universe, already foreseeing - or should we say \"seeing\"? there are no tenses in God - the buzzing cloud of flies about the cross, the flayed back pressed against the uneven stake, the nails driven through the mesial nerves, the repeated incipient suffocation as the body droops, the repeated torture of back and arms as it is time after time, for breath\'s sake, hitched up. If I may dare the biological image, God is a 'host' who deliberately creates His own parasites; causes us to be that we may exploit and \"take advantage of\" Him. Herein is love. This is the diagram of Love Himself, the inventor of all loves." How does Lewis's depiction of God contrast with the gods depicted in the non-Biblical stories we have read for this section? In particular, does Lewis's idea of "parasites" apply to the gods' view of humans? How so?**