Medical Terminology Summary PDF

Urinary system nephrolithiasis (kidneys) Kidney stones. Hydronephrosis : is a condition that occurs when a kidney swells and can't get rid of pee(urine) like it should. Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) causes numerous cysts to grow in the kidneys. These cysts are filled with...

Urinary system nephrolithiasis (kidneys) Kidney stones. Hydronephrosis : is a condition that occurs when a kidney swells and can't get rid of pee(urine) like it should. Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) causes numerous cysts to grow in the kidneys. These cysts are filled with fluid. Nephrology : Study of kidney. Nephrectomy : Kidney removal. Nephrostomy : Place a tube(channel) in kidney. Nephrosis : Degenerative disease. ectopic kidney : Abnormal kidney placement (in pregnancy). Ectopic: in abnormal place Ureterectomy : Remove ureter. Ureterostomy : Place a tube in ureter. Polyurea : Extreme urine creation. Oligourea : Low urine creation. Hematourea : Blood comes when urine gets out. Dys :bad or difficult Dysuria : Feel like burning. Cystostomy : Make a tube in bladder. Cystitis : Inflammation in bladder. Cyst: Bladder Cystectomy : Remove the bladder. Urethritis : Inflammation in urethra. Ureter: is urine tube caries urine from kidney to bladder Urethra: is urine tube caries urine bladder to outside of the body  Cardiovascular system Itis : inflammation Phleb : vein Emia : blood condition My : muscle Osis : abnormal condition(increase) Hemat : Blood Thrombophlebitis : Inflammation of a vein with the formation of a blood clot. Septicemia :Systemic infection of the bloodstream, often leading to sepsis. Arteritis : Inflammation of an artery. Phlebitis : Inflammation of a vein. Vasculitis :Inflammation of blood vessels. Endocarditis :Inflammation of the inner lining of the heart chambers and valves, usually caused by infection. Pericarditis :Inflammation of the pericardium, the sac surrounding the heart. Myocarditis : Inflammation of the heart muscle. Ischemia : Insufficient blood supply to a tissue, often leading to damage or death of the tissue. Arteriosclerosis :Thickening and hardening of the walls of the arteries. Hypertension: high blood pressure. Hypotension: low blood pressure. Tachycardia: rapid heart rate. Bradycardia: slow heart rate. Thrombocytopenia :A condition characterized by a low number of platelets in the blood, which can lead to bleeding. Stenosis :Narrowing or constriction of a passage or opening, such as a blood vessel. Hematoma :A localized swelling filled with blood resulting from a broken blood vessel. Cyanosis:A bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes due to insufficient oxygen in the blood. Embolism:The sudden blockage of a blood vessel by an embolus (a detached clot or other material). Leukocytes:White blood cells, which are part of the immune system and help fight infections. Hemostasis:The process of stopping bleeding, involving blood vessel constriction, platelet plug formation, and blood coagulation.  lymphatic system Lymphedema: Swelling caused by the accumulation of lymphatic fluid. Lymphopenia: Abnormally low levels of lymphocytes in the blood. Hypoalbuminemia: Insufficient levels of albumin in the blood. Hypoproteinemia: Abnormally low levels of proteins in the blood. Hypocomplementemia: Deficiency of complement proteins in the blood. Hypogammaglobulinemia: Low levels of gamma globulins (antibodies) in the blood. Agglutination: Clumping of cells or particles. Hemolysis: Destruction of red blood cells. Thromboembolic: Relating to blood clot formation leading to embolism. Lymphadenitis: Inflammation of lymph nodes. Hematemesis: Vomiting of blood. Lymphangitis: Inflammation of lymphatic vessels. Lymphoma: Cancer of the lymphatic system. Filariasis: Parasitic disease affecting lymphatic vessels. Lymphopoiesis: Formation of lymphocytes. Lymphokine: Signaling molecule produced by lymphocytes. Cellulitis: Bacterial skin infection.  Digestive system Dyspepsia: Difficulty in digestion. Malabsorption : Poor absorption of nutrients in the digestive system. Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) : Chronic inflammation of the digestive trac. Hypersalivation : Excessive production of saliva. Dysphagia : Difficulty or discomfort in swallowing. Xerostomia : Abnormal dryness of the mouth. Esophagitis : Inflammation of the esophagus. Esophageal : Pertaining to or related to the esophagus. Esophagoscope : An instrument used for visual examination of the esophagus Gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD) : It's a chronic condition where stomach acid flows back into the esophagus. Gastritis : inflammation of the lining of the stomach. Gastroenteritis : irritation or infection of the stomach and intestines that can lead to abdominal pain and diarrhea. Duodenal Ulcer: It is open sore in the duodenum. Jejuna Diverticulosis : Presence of small pouches (diverticula) in the walls of the jejunum ileIitis: it is inflammation of the ileum. Diverticulosis : The formation of abnormal pouches in the bowel wall. Hematochezia : The passage of fresh blood per anus ,usually in or with stools. Megacolon : an abnormal dilation of the colon. Hepatitis : Liver inflammation. Colangitis : bile duct inflammation. Hepatomegaly : Liver enlargement. Cholecystitis: Inflammation of the gallbladder, often associated with gallstones. Cholelithiasis: Formation of gallstones within the gallbladder. cholecystectomy: surgical removal of the gallbladder. Pancreatitis: inflammation of the pancreas. Pancreatic cancer : adisease in which maligant (cancer) cells form in the tissues of the pancreas. Diabetes: doesn't make enough insulin or can't use it as well as it should.  Integumentary system system Hypertrichosis : Excessive Hair Growth. Onychophagia : Nail biting. Alopecia : Hair loss. Hypertrichosis Onychophagia Alopecia Xerosis : dry skin Hyperhidrosis : Excessive sweating that’s not always related to heat or exercise. Anhidrosis : the inability to sweat (no sweating)(absence of sweating) Depigmentation : loss of skin color. Hypermelanosis : increased of melanin(leading to darker color) Dermatalgia/Dermatodynia : pain that is localized to the skin.  Hidro : sweat Pruritus : itching  An: without  De: without Urticaria :a skin reaction that causes itchy welts.  Algia : pain  Dynia : pain Seborrhea : excessive oiliness of the skin.  Trich: hair  Onych : nail  Phag: to eat or destroy Liposucation : to remove fat from specific area from body. Rhytidoplasty : surgical reconstruction of wrinkled skin. Dermabrasion : rubbing or scraping away outer surface of skin. Cryosurgery : is a treatment that uses extreme cold produced by liquid nitrogen or argon gas to destroy cancer cells and abnormal tissue. Onychotomy : surgical incision of fingernail or toenail. (-tomy:cut into) Subcutaneous : means under the skin Percutaneous or transdermal : Psoriasis : an intricate(complex) chronic autoimmune.  Endocrine system system Hypothyroidism: A condition where the thyroid gland doesn't produce enough thyroid hormones. Hyperparathyroidism: Over activity of the parathyroid glands. Adrenocorticotropic(ACTH): Relating to a hormone that stimulates the adrenal cortex to produce corticosteroids. Thyroxine(T4): A thyroid hormone responsible for regulating metabolism Hyperinsulinemia: Excess levels of insulin in the blood. Pancreatectomy: Surgical removal of the pancreas. Gonadotropin: Hormones that stimulate the gonads (testes or ovaries). FSH & LH Adrenomedullary: Pertaining to the inner part of the adrenal gland. Thyroidectomy: Surgical removal of the thyroid gland. Hormonogenesis: The production or formation of hormones. Corticosteroid: Steroid hormones produced by the adrenal cortex, with anti-inflammatory and immune-suppressing effects. Thyrotoxicosis: Condition resulting from excess thyroid hormone. Hypoglycemia: Abnormally low blood sugar levels. Parathyroidectomy: Surgical removal of the parathyroid glands. Endocrinologist: A medical specialist who focuses on disorders of the endocrine system.  Musculoskeletal system Oste Arthr system Chondr My Trophy Bone Joint Cartilage Muscle Nourishment Myopathy: A disorder of the muscles. Osteocyte: Mature bone cell responsible for maintaining the mineral concentration in the bone matrix. Kyphosis: Abnormal curvature of the spine, leading to a hunched or rounded back. Lordosis: Excessive inward curvature of the spine, typically in the lower back. Dystrophy: Progressive degeneration of tissues or organs, often referring to muscular dystrophy affecting muscle tissue. Fibula: The smaller of the two bones in the lower leg. Bursitis: Inflammation of a bursa, fluid-filled sacs that cushion and reduce friction between moving parts of the body. Arthralgia: Joint pain. Synovium: The membrane lining joints and tendon sheaths, producing synovial fluid for lubrication. Ossification: The process of bone formation or the conversion of other tissues into bone. Spondylitis: Inflammation of the vertebrae. Rhabdomyolysis: Breakdown of muscle tissue that releases a protein called myoglobin into the bloodstream, potentially causing kidney damage. Osteoclast: A type of bone cell that breaks down bone tissue during bone remodeling. Tendinopathy: A general term for conditions affecting tendons, involving pain, swelling, or impaired performance. Tenosynovitis: Inflammation of the sheath surrounding a tendon. Myositis: Inflammation of the muscles. Osteoma: A benign bony tumor. Scoliosis: Abnormal sideways curvature of the spine. Chondrocyte: A cell that forms cartilage. Talus: A bone in the ankle, connecting the leg and foot bones.