Growth and Development of School-Age Children PDF

GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF SCHOOL AGE CHILDREN 6-12 YRS GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF SCHOOL AGE CHILDREN 6-12 YRS https://www.slideshare.net/BinandMoirangthem/ growth-and-development-of-school-age-child  MOVEMENT-GROSS MOTOR (BODY CONTROL AND SKILLS)...

GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF SCHOOL AGE CHILDREN 6-12 YRS GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF SCHOOL AGE CHILDREN 6-12 YRS https://www.slideshare.net/BinandMoirangthem/ growth-and-development-of-school-age-child  MOVEMENT-GROSS MOTOR (BODY CONTROL AND SKILLS)  MOVEMENT-FINE MOTOR (HAND AND FINGER SKILLS) DAILY LIVING ACTIVITIES LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT INTELLECTUAL DEVELOPMENT DAILY LIVING ACTIVITIES LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT INTELLECTUAL DEVELOPMENT EARLY CHILDHOOD https://www.slideshare.net/BESPF1/early- childhood-19958717 THEORETICAL APPROACHES TO THE GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF CHILDREN KOHLBERG Focuses on the description of moral reasoning. Moral reasoning is how people think about the rules of ethical and moral conduct but does not predict what a person would actually do in a given situation. Moral development is the ability of an individual to distinguish right from wrong and to develop ethical values on which to base his or her actions. PREMORAL/PRECONVENTIONAL Children are responsive to cultural rules and labels of good and bad, right and wrong. CONVENTIONAL The individual is concerned with maintaining the expectations of the family, groups and sees this as right. POSTCONVENTIONAL People make the effort to define valid values and principles without regard to outside authority or to the expectations of others FREUD Psychosexual developmental stages associated with different pleasurable zones serving as the focus for gratification and bodily pleasure. ORAL STAGE Birth to 18 months ANAL STAGE 12-18 months to 3 yrs PHALLIC/EODIPAL STAGE 3-6 yrs LATENCY STAGE 6-12 yrs GENITAL STAGE Puberty to adulthood DEVELOPMENTAL MILESTONES – 3MO TO 3YRS OLD Head (lifting head) = 3 months Shoulders (rolling over) = 6 months Knees (crawling) = 9 months Toes ( walk!!) = 12 months Eyes (plays peek-a-boo) = 12 months Ears ( follows one step verbal commands) = 18 months Mouth (can form 2-3 word phrases) = 2 years Knows (knows and states their age) = 3 years  Family with Infant, Toddler, Preschooler, School-age Child, and Adolescent Click on the following links. These are explanations to the growth and development of specific age groups: https://www.slideshare.net/glitznglam17/growth-and-development-of-infants-4644744 https://www.slideshare.net/aaaa-2012/health-promotion-of-the-toddler-and-family https://www.slideshare.net/BESPF1/early-childhood-19958717 https://www.slideshare.net/BinandMoirangthem/growth-and-development-of-school-age-child https://www.slideshare.net/rahmani1/adolescent-44880191 THEORETICAL APPROACHES TO THE GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF CHILDREN Growth and development is an orderly predictive process that begins with conception and continues through death.  PIAGET  Thetheory recognizes that children move through specific periods at different rates but in the same sequence or order SENSORIMOTOR  Birth to 2 yrs PREOPERATIONAL  2- 7 yrs old CONCRETE OPERATIONAL  7-11 yrs old FORMAL OPERATIONS  11 yrs to adulthood PIAGET’S STAGES OF COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT SENSORIMOTOR STAGE 0-2YRS Development through our 5 senses Development through motor response OBJECT PERMANENCE is developed (realizing that objects that are out of sight still exist) Egocentric (can only see the world from one’s own point of view) PREOPERATIONAL STAGE 2-7 yrs Symbolic thinking Imagination (magical thinking, ANIMISM-thinks objects are alive, plays pretend) Abstract thinking is still difficult Asks a lot of questions (intuition) CONCRETE OPERATIONAL STAGE 7-11 YRS Develop concrete cognitive operations (sorting blocks in a certain order) CONSERVATION is developed (understanding that something stays the same in volume even though its shape changes) Conductive reasoning (Mathematical advancement) FORMAL OPERATIONAL STAGE > 11 YRS More rational, logical, organized, moral and consistent thinking HYPOTHETICAL THINKING – can think outside the present Abstractconcepts – love, hate, failures, successes Deductive reasoning (general ideas to specific conclusions) ERIKSON According to this 8 stages of life, individuals need to accomplish a particular task before successfully completing the stage. TRUST VS. MISTRUST Birth to 1 yr AUTONOMY VS. SENSE OF SHAME AND DOUBT 1 -3 yrs INITIATIVE VS. GUILT 3-6 yrs INDUSTRY VS. INFERIORITY 6-11 yrs IDENTITY VS. ROLE CONFUSION Puberty/Adolescence INTIMACY VS. ISOLATION Young adult GENERATIVITY VS. STAGNATION Middle age INTEGRITY VS. DESPAIR Old age  ERIK ERIKSON’S STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT Ch. 8, 9 & 10  I. STAGE 1- INFANCY A. Birth to 1 ½ years B. Fastest growth period in life C. Developmental Tasks 1. learn to eat solid food 2. begin to walk 3. begin to talk 4. developing trust D. Trust vs. Mistrust  II. STAGE 2 - EARLY CHILDHOOD A. Ages 2-3 B. Developmental tasks 1. walk and talk more 2. potty trained 3. social independence develops 4. Sense of autonomy- need to control impulses, body, environment. C. Autonomy vs. Shame/Doubt III. STAGE 3 - CHILDHOOD A. 4-5 years B. Developmental tasks 1. initiate play with other kids 2. make-believe 3. ask questions 4. Learn initiative- the ability to start something on their own. C. Initiative vs. Guilt IV. STAGE 4 – LATE CHILDHOOD A. 6 to 11 years B. Developmental Tasks 1. learn physical skills for sports, games, etc. 2. intellectually- learn to read, write, do math 3. learn right from wrong 4. develop attitudes towards themselves and others. 5. develop sense of industry- make things- cookies, models, etc. C. Industry vs. Inferiority G. Developmental Tasks 1. Form mature relationships 2. achieve a masculine or feminine social role 3. accept one’s physique and use one’s body effectively 4. Achieve emotional independence from parents and other adults 5. prepare for marriage and family life 6. prepare for career 7. acquire personal standards 8. develop social intelligence-aware of human needs-helping others 9. develop conceptual and problem-solving skills  VI. STAGE 6- YOUNG ADULTHOOD A. Generally age 20 to early 30’s- can start as young as 17. B. Financially independent from parents C. Can deal with everyday life trials with maturity D. At peak of physical abilities- strength, quickness, alertness E. Crucial life decisions made- marriage, career, children F. Intimacy vs. Isolation VII. STAGE 7- MIDDLE ADULTHOOD A. 35-65 years B. Start thinking in terms of what to do with the rest of their lives. C. Feeling that time is running out D. Start to face death of parents E. Mid-life crisis common- divorce, career change, remarriage 1. some have not accepted middle age- can lead to problems adjusting 2. Their children may be going through adolescence, during this time which can add to conflict.  VIII. STAGE 8- LATE ADULTHOOD A. 65 and older B. Retirement common C. Senior citizen does not equate to old anymore. D. Longer life expectancy- 85 and older common. E. Better health practices than in the past. F. Measures of Age 1. Chronological- How old you actually are 2. Biological- how well your body is holding up influenced by diet, exercise, lifestyle, heredity 3. Social- a person’s lifestyle G. Grandchildren become important H. Must face death IX. DEATH- STAGES OF ACCEPTANCE 1. Denial- “No not me”- can’t accept news of a death or their own imminent death. 2. Anger- “Why me?” Stage-resentment, sometimes leads to isolation, rejection 3. Bargaining- begins to accept reality, but bargains for more time by praying, other medical treatments, etc. 4. Depression-time of grieving for what the patient has already lost and will lose. Worries about family, money, fells sense of great loss.-Encourage him or her to grieve 5. Acceptance – Allows for action and facing reality in a constructive way. Closure is important. Not a happy stage, but not helpless either.  https://www.google.com/search?q=erikson+stages+of+development+ppt&sca_esv=575755605&sxsrf=AM9HkKl UidfLQ3HyZMxf0Ih4csgrN0ZYxQ%3A1698058843202&source=hp&ei=W1I2ZZqQCtr71e8P_pqx2Ag&iflsig=AO6bgO gAAAAAZTZga8YGOFegGSIfzQhlt1s_KKjVxDPD&oq=erikson+stages+of+development&gs_lp=Egdnd3Mtd2l6Ih1l cmlrc29uIHN0YWdlcyBvZiBkZXZlbG9wbWVudCoCCAgyBRAAGIAEMgUQABiABDIFEAAYgAQyBRAAGIAEMgUQA BiABDIFEAAYgAQyBRAAGIAEMgUQABiABDIFEAAYgAQyBRAAGIAESNTZBVCMBFjEuAVwAXgAkAEBmAHXA6AB6i 2qAQowLjE5LjguMS4xuAEByAEA- AEBqAIKwgIHECMY6gIYJ8ICBxAjGIoFGCfCAgsQABiABBixAxiDAcICCxAAGIoFGLEDGIMBwgIIEAAYgAQYsQPCAg sQLhiKBRixAxiDAcICCBAuGIAEGLEDwgILEC4YgAQYsQMYgwHCAgUQLhiABMICCxAuGIMBGLEDGIAEwgIIEAAYi gUYhgM&sclient=gws-wiz https://www.slideshare.net/glitznglam17/growth-and-development-of-infants- 4644744 HEALTH PROMOTION OF THE TODDLER AND FAMILY