M1_Q1 Music 8 Southeast Asian Music PDF

8 MUSIC Quarter 1 – Module 1 Southeast Asian Music 1 MUSIC EDUCATION – Grade 8 Qurter 1 – Module 1: Southeast Asian Music Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prio...

8 MUSIC Quarter 1 – Module 1 Southeast Asian Music 1 MUSIC EDUCATION – Grade 8 Qurter 1 – Module 1: Southeast Asian Music Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties. Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names, trademarks, etc.) included in this book are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them. Development Team of the Module Compiler: JENNIVIE C. TARIMAN – Teacher III, Pit-os National High School ROY Editors: C. GENARES – Principal I, Sirao Integrated School DESIREE Y. PERALES - Assisting Principal, Lahug Night High School ROWENA L. AGUILON – MT1, Pardo National High School Management Team: RHEA MAR A. ANGTUD, EdD Schools Division Superintendent BERNADETTE SUSVILLA, EdD Assistant Schools Superintendent GRECIA F. BATALUNA Chief, Curriculum Implementation Division VANESSA L. HARAYO EPSvr, LRMDS RENEZAR T. FEROLINO EPSvr, MAPEH Printed in the Philippines by: DepEd Cebu City Division, RO7 Office Address: New Imus Road, Cebu City Telefax: (032) 255 15 16/328-2020 E-mail Address: [email protected] 2 Introductory Message Welcome to MAPEH! This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by teachers from public schools to assist you, in meeting the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming your personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling. This learning resource hopes to engage you into guided and independent learning activities at your own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help you acquire the needed knowledge in Southeast Asian Music while taking into consideration your needs and circumstances. This module has the following parts and corresponding icons: It is where you will encounter activities that What I Know would check your prior knowledge before ( Pre-test) engaging the skills targeted. From here, you can trace as to what skills or competencies you will develop through the What I Need To Know module. (Objectives) This contains the review of the previous lesson What’s In or preparatory activity that leads to the lesson. (Review/Springboard) This phase involves presentation of the lesson and a brief discussion presentation of What’s New/What Is It examples that would help you understand the (Presentation of the Lesson) new concepts and skills. This is a line statement that encompasses the What I Need to Remember essential points of the lesson. (Generalization) What I Can Do This part is where you engage activities for the (Enrichment Activity) transfer of knowledge and skills. 1 What’s More This is a chance for you to apply your (Application) knowledge based from the discussion presented in the previous part. It is where your transfer of knowledge and skills will be checked. This is now the task to check how far you go Assessment with the learning competency focused (Post Test) It is where you can confirm your answers to Answer Key the different tasks given to you. At the end of this module you will also find: References - This is a list of all sources used in developing this module. The following are some reminders in using this module: 1.Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises. 2.Do not forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities included in the module. 3.Read the instructions carefully before doing each task 4.Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers. 5.Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next. 6.Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it. If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not alone. We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it. 2  WHAT’S IN Activity 1.1 Instructions: Identify the 11 countries of Southeast Asia found on the map. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper. Image1:https://tinyurl.com/y3f47xpq WHAT’S NEW/ WHAT IS IT A. INDONESIA Is an archipelago in Southeast Asia comprising approximately 17,500 islands. It is the world’s fourth most populous country and is the fourth biggest nation in the world. Through interaction with other cultures such as Indian, Arabic, Chinese and European, a wide range of musical styles has been developed. There are two basic kinds of Indonesian music scale, the Slendro which has five equidistant tones in octave and the Peloq which has heptatonic (7) tone scale with semitone. What is Gamelan? Gamelan – or gamelan orchestra is the most popular form of music in Indonesia. Image 6: https://tinyurl.com/9y9pp6ws Video 1: https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=UEWCCSuHsuQ 5 Pesindhen – is a female soloist singer who sings with a gamelan. Gerong – refers to the unison male chorus that sings with the gamelan. Karawitan – is the term for every kind of gamelan music in Java. What are the types of Gamelan? a.Indonesian Gamelan- traditional ensemble of Indonesia made up of predominantly of percussive instruments. (Video 2: https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=c1AiCTJ) b.Javanese Gamelan- consists of a large number of bronze gong and metallophones (Video 3: https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=p3HwqqiVxbE) c.Balinese Gamelan- used for sacred music (Video 4: https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=qIq8LNbYKT8) Javanese Gamelan Balinese Gamelan  Used for court music  Used for sacred music  Percussion dominated  Consists of metallophone and mostly gongs  Style of playing gives  Sudden change of tempo and dynamics are the solemn character basic  Sounds are very bright and brilliant  Use of fast and rattling sounds of cymbals make distinctive characters What are the instruments of Gamelan? 1. Metallophones is an instrument in music in which the sound - producing body is a piece of metal. Image 7:https://tinyurl.com/y39mvean Video 5: https://tinyurl.com/hbbxsk2h 2. Xylophones - - Xylophone bars are made of wood Image 8 :https://tinyurl.com/yybu72ys Video 6: https://tinyurl.com/yxrwedh3 3. Kendang Is a two-headed drum used in the Gamelan ensemble. Image 9: https://tinyurl.com/9dppw8zn Video 7: https://tinyurl.com/a5vnwsb2 6  4. Gongs Are vertically suspended gongs which are the largest in the Gamelan Image 10: https://tinyurl.com/td9n446s Video 8: https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=qe1NCfqt9Xs 5. Bamboo flutes - - one of the oldest and simplest musical instruments in the world. Image 11 https://tinyurl.com/y2bjc6s2 6. Bowed and plucked strings B. CAMBODIA Cambodia is one of the most beautiful countries in Southeast Asia. It is also known as Kampuchea. It is the center of the Khmer Kingdom of Angkor, a great empire that dominated Southeast Asia for 600 years. Their music gained a worldwide reputation in the 1960’s until the dramatic political problems in Cambodia. Cambodian court music is roughly similar to that of Java, Indonesia. They feature choruses with large orchestras based on struck keys and gongs. The Pinpeat A Cambodian musical ensemble or an orchestra that usually accompanies ceremonial music of the royal courts and temples. Music is always part of their court dances, masked plays, shadow plays, and religious ceremonies. Image 12: https://tinyurl.com/yycxa64f Video 9: https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=xIv7yqiyeeI 7 B. MYANMAR Myanmar was known as Burma until 1989. The country’s name was officially changed by the military government that took over in 1988. Early civilization of Myanmar dates back to the first century with archaeological evidences of the Pyu Kingdoms of Thayekhittaya (Sri Ksetra), Beithano (Visnu) and Hanlin. The music of Myanmar has similarities with many other musical traditions in the region, including Chinese music and Thai music, probably because its longest border is shared with China. The Hsaing Waing Myanmar’s traditional folk music ensemble. It is made up of many different gongs and drums as well as other instruments depending on the nature of the performance. Image 13: https://tinyurl.com/yztxwymy Video 10: https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=SjcbkaozxXs D. MALAYSIA Malaysia is a constitutional monarchy in Southeast Asia. It is divided into two regions; West Malaysia and East Malaysia. The country is multi- ethnic and multi- cultural, which plays a large role in developing their culture. Two types of Music in Malaysia: 1.Classical and folk music - emerged during the pre-colonial period and still exists in the form of vocal, dance and theatrical music. 2.Syncretic or Acculturated music - developed during the post Portuguese period. It contains elements from both local music and foreign elements in Arabian, Persian, Indian, Chinese and Western musical and theatrical sources. 8 Malaysian Musical Ensemble and types of performances 1. Agung and Kulintang This is a gong based musical ensemble commonly used in funerals and weddings in East Malaysia. This type of ensemble is similar to the Kulintang of the Image 14: https://tinyurl.com/y4rcyws8 Video 11: https://tinyurl.com/y3xptyry 2. Kertok This is a musical ensemble from the Malay Peninsula that consists of xylophones played swiftly and rhythmically in traditional Malay functions. Image 15: https://tinyurl.com/2n4rah2v Video 12: https://tinyurl.com/3fk7v758 E. THAILAND Formerly known as Siam, Thailand is known for being the sole nation in Southeast Asia that has never been ruled by a Western power. It is for this reason that the country is also called “Muang Thai” which means “Land of the free” History and geography indicates that Thai music is a conglomeration of Asian influences. Its musical instruments are inspired from the Indian and Indonesian strings and gong-chimes. Its music is theoretically based on the five-tone or seven-tone scales system. The Piphat It is a mid-sized orchestra that is performed in either outdoor style with hard mallets or indoor style with padded mallets. This ensemble has different types but the highly ornate one is traditionally associated with funerals and cremation ceremonies. Image 16: https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=ZhNoTzhzYHg Video 13: https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=ZhNoTzhzYH 9 Khrueang Sai It is an orchestra that combines some of the percussion and wind instruments of the Piphat with an expanded string section. Image 17: https://tinyurl.com/y4xkl5ux Video 14: https://tinyurl.com/2tk7aa4s Mahori This ensemble is traditionally played by women in the courts of Central Thailand and Cambodia. Because of this, instruments for this ensemble are historically smaller. However, regular-sized instruments are used today. A vocalist performing with the mahori is usually accompanied by the So Sam Sai. Image 18: https://tinyurl.com/y3qh5vl9 Video 15: https://tinyurl.com/56ujkcue F. LAOS This country is an independent state of Southeast Asia and officially known as Lao People’s Democratic Republic. It is formerly part of the Indochinese Union, also known as French Indochina. Wat Pha That Luang, Vientiane is one of its famous landmarks.The classical music and dance of Laos is highly influenced by India, Cambodia and Thailand. Two categories of Lao Orchestra a.Sep Nyai - this is similar to the Piphat of Thailand with instruments that are strictly percussive but also integrates the use of an oboe. (Video 16: https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=mU-7zGQTtnI&t=16s) b.Sep Noi - also known as Mahori of Thailand. However, it incorporates the use of several khene. This is khene, a large bamboo mouth organ most popular instrument in folk music. Image 19: https://tinyurl.com/y5hht3qf 10 G. VIETNAM Vietnam is officially known as the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. This country is located on the eastern coast of the Indochinese Peninsula. Vietnamese music nhac Viet Nam refers to the ethnic music that originated from the “Kinh” people of Vietnam. The term is also used to address the music of any of the numerous ethnic minorities including the Montagnard, Degar, Tay, Cham and others. Nha nhac - was popularly performed during the Tran Dynasty to the Nguyen Dynasty. This is performed in honor of the gods and scholars in the temple. Image 20:https://tinyurl.com/y5sq2v4g Video 16. https://tinyurl.com/mbda3yd3 What I Have Learned Gamelan orchestras Are used to accompany dances, songs, and Wayang Kulit. Are believed to possess supernatural powers. Consider their instruments sacred, therefore stepping over the instrument is a sign of disrespect. Musicians bow before playing the instruments to show respect. What I Can Do Activity 1.2 Instructions: Classify the instruments below using the following Hornbostel- Sachs of classification found in the box. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper. Aerophone Membranophone Idiophone Chordophone 1. Oneat 4. Samphor 2. Gong 5. Hne 3. Khene 11 Lesson 2 Vocal Music of Southeast Asia WHAT I NEED TO KNOW At the end of the lesson, you are expected to:  analyze the given Southeast Asian songs;  sing the song using the link given; and  relate Southeast Asian songs to our own folk songs. WHAT’S IN Activity 2.1 Instructions: Match the title of the songs and its country of origin. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper. 1. Burung Kakak Tua a. Malaysia 2. Loi Loi Krathong b. Vietnam 3. Chan Mali Chan c. Indonesia 4. Rasa Sayang d. Thailand 5. Ru Con e. Singapore WHAT’S NEW/ WHAT IS IT A. INDONESIA Burung Kakatua is a folk song from Indonesia about the bird cockatoo (kakatua) that compares a beloved old parrot to grandma. Image 21: https://tinyurl.com/reaajfym Video 17: https://tinyurl.com/27h7659w 12 B. THAILAND Loi Loi Krathong revolves around a court lady called Nopphamat. She supposedly lived during the reign of King Sri Indraditya in the mid-13th century. It is said that she was the first one to float a garnished boat. Image 22: https://tinyurl.com/reaajfym Video 18: https://tinyurl.com/3b9828zz B. SINGAPORE Chan Mali Chan refers to anak kambing (kid, baby goat) because the lamb is symbolic for its mischievousness and friskiness. Ketipung payung in the chorus of the song is a term of endearment. Image 23:https://tinyurl.com/rmk444xe Video 19: https://tinyurl.com/rym4w4pj D. MALAYSIA Rasa Sayang" ( literally "loving feeling") or "Rasa Sayange" (in Indonesia) is a folk song in Malay language it is from Maluku, Indonesia, and popular in Malaysia, Singapore and Philippines. The basis of "Rasa Sayang" is similar to Dondang Sayang and other Malay folk songs, which take their form from the pantun, a traditional ethnic Malay poetic form. Video 20: https://tinyurl.com/982ukhdf: E. VIETNAM Ru Con is a Vietnamese traditional lullaby. Image 24: https://tinyurl.com/b85hpcf7 Video 21: https://tinyurl.com/4n99fdyv 13