Southeast Asian Music Grade 8 Quiz and Flashcards

Study Notes

Southeast Asia comprises 11 countries including Indonesia, Thailand, Laos, and Vietnam.
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Study module aims to assist students in meeting K to 12 curriculum standards, focusing on knowledge of Southeast Asian music.

An archipelago with approximately 17,500 islands, it is the world's fourth most populous country.
Indonesian music is influenced by diverse cultures including Indian, Arabic, Chinese, and European.
Two main scales in Indonesian music: Slendro (five equidistant tones) and Peloq (seven-tone scale with semitone).
Gamelan is the predominant musical form, featuring various ensembles:
- Pesindhen: solo female singer with gamelan.
- Gerong: male chorus singing in unison with gamelan.
- Karawitan: term encompassing all gamelan music in Java.

Known as "Muang Thai" (Land of the Free), the only Southeast Asian nation never colonized by a Western power.
Thai music merges diverse Asian influences with a theoretical structure based on five or seven-tone scales.
Key ensembles:
- Piphat: mid-sized orchestra used for outdoor or indoor performances, often associated with ceremonial contexts.
- Khrueang Sai: blends percussion and wind instruments with an expanded string section.
- Mahori: traditionally performed by women, featuring smaller instruments, now often using regular-sized instruments.

Officially the Lao People’s Democratic Republic, previously part of French Indochina.
Classical music influenced by India, Cambodia, and Thailand.
Two categories of Lao orchestras:
- Sep Nyai: percussion-heavy, similar to Thai Piphat, incorporates oboe.
- Sep Noi: similar to Mahori of Thailand but featuring khene, a traditional bamboo mouth organ.

Officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, located on the Indochinese Peninsula.
Vietnamese music ("nhac Viet Nam") encompasses both Kinh and ethnic minority music.
Nha nhac: traditional court music performed to honor gods and scholars, common during the Tran and Nguyen dynasties.

Serve to accompany dances, songs, and Wayang Kulit performances.
Considered to possess supernatural powers, with instruments viewed as sacred.
Musicians show respect by bowing before playing instruments and avoid stepping over them.

"Burung Kakak Tua": folk song about a cockatoo paralleling a beloved elder.
"Loi Loi Krathong": centered on a court lady who first floated a garnished boat.
"Chan Mali Chan": references a playful baby goat, symbolizing mischief.
"Rasa Sayang": expresses loving feelings, popular in multiple Southeast Asian countries, rooted in traditional Malay poetry.