Communication Processes PDF

Communication Processes PREPARED BY: MS. DESILYN JOY B. VILLANUEVA GNED 05- PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION  Learning Outcomes: At the end of the lesson, you should be able to: a. describe communication process viewed from different models; b. demonstrate the changes of communication throug...

Communication Processes PREPARED BY: MS. DESILYN JOY B. VILLANUEVA GNED 05- PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION  Learning Outcomes: At the end of the lesson, you should be able to: a. describe communication process viewed from different models; b. demonstrate the changes of communication through times; and c. adopt cultural differences to effective communication. Elements of Communication  Elements of Communication Element Description Source A message is crafted through a sender who initiates the communication process. Message Communication is delivered through a message send by the speaker to the receiver. Channel Channel is the means of communication. Receiver When the message is sent by the sender it is received by the recipient. A receiver can be an audience in a symposium, a reader who receives the letter or a pedestrian who reads road signs. Feedback An understood message is confirmed through the response of the receiver. Environment The sender and receiver’s feelings, mood, place and mindset are called environment. Context The meaning conveyed from the message sent by the sender to the receiver is called context. Interference These are factors that hinder the communication process. Barriers in Communication  Psychological Barriers These are thoughts that hamper the interpreted message received by the receiver such as dizziness of the listener while the teacher lectures or when the listener is preoccupied by some other things while listening to the speaker.  Physical Barriers These are stimuli from the environment which disrupt communication, weather or climate conditions and physical health of the communicator.  Linguistic and Cultural Barriers Word differences are present in different cultures which may result to ineffective communication.  Mechanical Barriers These are interferences which affect channels to transmit the message such as poor signal or low battery consumption of mobile phones while calling. Communication Models  Aristotle’s Model of Communication This model is speaker-centered which results the audience as passive. The effect of the speech delivered by the speaker to the audience in an occasion is that either the listeners be persuaded or not; in this case the communication becomes one-way delivery because feedback from the audience is not expected.  Shannon-Weaver Model of Communication This model was developed because of the technological invention of telephone. Six elements of communication are identified in this model: sender, encoder, channel, noise, decoder, receiver, and feedback. In comparison to the basic elements of communication, this model specifies that the sender and encoder do not function similarly.  Osgood Model of Communication The two-way street flow of communication in which a sender and a receiver send back and forth message was popularized by Charles Egerton Osgood. This model considers communication as circular because both the encoder and decoder take turn in sending the message. Along the process of communication, the recipients filter to interpret the meaning of the words sent to them. The different meanings applied to send messages could become interference in communication known as semantic noise.  Osgood- Schramm’s Model of Communication This model considers communication as circular because both the encoder and decoder take turn in sending the message. Along the process of communication, the recipients filter to interpret the meaning of the words sent to them. The different meanings applied to send messages could become interference in communication known as Field of experience identified as culture, social background, beliefs, experiences, values and rules. semantic noise.  White’s Model of Communication Another circular model that explains communication as a continuous process with no real beginning or end is Eugene White’s Stages of Communication. According to White, it is possible to begin at any stage of the elements outlined in his model because communication is circular which may start at any beginning and ends at any point. The elements in this model are thinking, symbolizing, expressing, transmitting, receiving, decoding, feedbacking and monitoring. Practice Questions ASSESSMENT #1 Which of the following element is least essential to effective communication? a. Source b. Message c. Channel d. Feedback e. Interference Which of the following element is least essential to effective communication? a. Source b. Message c. Channel Interference, also known as barriers, is not considered one of the elements of communication. It refers to factors d. Feedback that hinder the communication process, such as noise or poor signal. The elements of communication include the source (sender), message, channel, receiver, and e. Interference feedback. These elements are essential components that contribute to effective communication. What is the role of feedback in the communication process? a. It initiates the communication process. b. It hinders effective communication. c. It is the means of communication. d. It confirms the understanding of the message. e. It creates barriers in the communication process. What is the role of feedback in the communication process? Feedback plays a crucial role in the communication process by a. It initiates the communication confirming the understanding of the message. It is the response or process. reaction provided by the receiver after receiving the message. b. It hinders effective communication. Feedback can be written, spoken, or even non-verbal, like a c. It is the means of communication. thumbs-up gesture. It helps the sender assess whether the d. It confirms the understanding of the message has been comprehended and provides an message. opportunity for clarification or adjustment if needed. Effective e. It creates barriers in the communication often relies on communication process. clear and timely feedback from the receiver. Which type of barrier in communication is caused by differences in language and culture? a. Psychological barriers b. Physical barriers c. Linguistic and cultural barriers d. Mechanical barriers Which type of barrier in communication is caused by differences in language and culture? Linguistic and cultural barriers refer to difficulties in communication that arise a. Psychological barriers due to variations in language and cultural backgrounds. Differences in b. Physical barriers vocabulary, idioms, and non-verbal communication norms can hinder c. Linguistic and cultural barriers effective understanding between individuals from different cultures. d. Mechanical barriers These barriers can lead to misinterpretation, confusion, or misunderstandings in the communication process. What type of barrier in communication is caused by external factors affecting the transmission of the message? a. Psychological barriers b. Physical barriers c. Linguistic and cultural barriers d. Mechanical barriers What type of barrier in communication is caused by external factors affecting the transmission of the message? Mechanical barriers are interferences that affect the channels used to transmit a. Psychological barriers messages. They are caused by external factors that disrupt the transmission b. Physical barriers process. Examples of mechanical barriers include poor signal strength, c. Linguistic and cultural barriers low battery consumption of devices, faulty communication equipment, or d. Mechanical barriers physical obstacles that impede the clear reception of the message. These barriers can disrupt the communication flow and hinder effective communication. Which communication model is characterized by a one-way delivery of speech with no expected feedback from the audience? a. Aristotle's model of communication b. Shannon-Weaver's model of communication c. Osgood's model of communication d. Schramm's model of communication e. White's Stages of Communication Which communication model is characterized by a one-way delivery of speech with no expected feedback from the audience? Aristotle's model of communication is a. Aristotle's model of communication characterized by a one-way delivery of speech from the speaker to the b. Shannon-Weaver's model of audience in a specific occasion. The communication model focuses on the speaker as the central figure, with the audience playing c. Osgood's model of communication a passive role. The effect of the speech on the audience determines the success d. Schramm's model of of the communication, without expecting communication feedback or interaction from the audience. This model does not e. White's Stages of Communication emphasize a two-way flow of communication. Which communication model includes the element of field of experience to account for cultural, social background, beliefs, experiences, values, and rules? a. Aristotle's model of communication b. Shannon-Weaver's model of communication c. Osgood's model of communication d. Schramm's model of communication e. White's Stages of Communication Which communication model includes the element of field of experience to account for cultural, social background, beliefs, experiences, values, and rules? Schramm's model of communication, adapted from Osgood's model, incorporates the element of field of a. Aristotle's model of communication experience. The field of experience b. Shannon-Weaver's model of represents the cultural, social background, beliefs, experiences, communication values, and rules that individuals bring to the communication process. c. Osgood's model of communication Schramm recognized that effective d. Schramm's model of communication communication is influenced by the similarity of the recipients' field of e. White's Stages of Communication experience. This model emphasizes the importance of shared understanding and context in communication to enhance effectiveness and reduce misunderstandings. Activity: Write an essay on appreciating cultural differences to effective communication. Refer to the criteria below as a guide for organization. CRITERIA Substance 50% Grammar, Usage & Mechanics 30% Thought Organization 20% 100% References: Bernardo, R. (2016). Oral Communication. Pasay City: JFS Publishing Services Johannesen, Richard L. Ethics in Human Communication. 3rd ed. Prospect Heights, Illinois: Waveland Press, Inc., 1990. Uychoco, M. and Santos, M. (2017). Communication For Society: Purposive Communication. Sampaloc Manila: Rex Book Store Wakat et. al. (2018). Purposive Communication (OBE-&PPST-Based). Quezon City, Manila: Lorimar Publishing Inc