Lesson 1 - What is Philosophy PDF

Lesson 1- what is Philosophy? Mr. Edward B. Noda Jr. ⋆ How are you doing this pandemic? ⋆ Have you asked your self, “Why am I feeling this way ?” (cause) ⋆ How can I overcome it? (process) ⋆ How it will affect my life and the people around me (consequence)?...

Lesson 1- what is Philosophy? Mr. Edward B. Noda Jr. ⋆ How are you doing this pandemic? ⋆ Have you asked your self, “Why am I feeling this way ?” (cause) ⋆ How can I overcome it? (process) ⋆ How it will affect my life and the people around me (consequence)? 2 ⋆ Philosophy, our subject matter for this course, is really all about questions and answers. And since by now you already asked and answered hundreds of questions your life experienced already prepared you to take our philosophical journey starting now. 3 Three questions are the primary questions of philosophy. 4  Nature and functions of philosophy 5  philosophy ⋆ from a combination of two Greek words, which are 'Philo' and 'Sophia'. 'Philo' means 'love' and ‘Sophia' means 'wisdom’ ⋆ it means 'love of wisdom', 'pursuit of knowledge and truth', 'systematic investigation’ ⋆ Uses human reason to investigate the ultimate causes, reasons, and principles which govern all things. 7  PHILOSOPHY is… ❑ considered as the “mother of all sciences” ❑ is a way of life ❑ it is a science ❑ is a persistent quest for knowledge and truth 8  Origin of Philosophy ⋆ Greece is the birthplace of philosophy in the West. ⋆ Thales is the Father of Philosophy in the Western civilization. ⋆ Thales was the first individual who tried to reduce the multiplicity in to a unity; everything is related to each other. ⋆ Thales approach highlights the difference between religion and philosophy. Religion rests on faith while philosophy rests on reason. 9  Philosophical Activity Philosophical activity is characterized by three things: ⋆ Philosophy involves the widest generalizations ⋆ Philosophy is all about fundamentals. -foundation A fundamental is the root cause that explains almost everything in a given context. ⋆ Philosophy is driven by the desire to integrate things in to a one coherent whole. - Holistic 10  Branches of Philosophy Provide Philosophy Concerned with description of the standard of being & knowing the good Cognitive Branches Normative Branches Metaphysics Epistemology Ethics Aesthetics Logic Politics 11 Branches of Philosophy ⋆ To answer “Where am I”” Metaphysics- deals with questions regarding reality and existence. 12 Branches of Philosophy ⋆ To answer “How do I know it?” Epistemology- study of the nature and means of human knowledge. Logic- science and art of correct thinking and reasoning 13 Branches of Philosophy ⋆ To answer “What should I do?” Ethics or Morality- deals with human actions whether good or bad, right or wrong, acceptable or unacceptable, justifiable or unjustifiable. Aesthetics- deals with the nature of art/ objective judgment of beauty Politics- deals with the principles of a proper social system. 14  Branches of Philosophy Provide Philosophy Concerned with description of the standard of being & knowing the good Cognitive Branches Normative Branches Metaphysics Epistemology Ethics Aesthetics Logic Politics 15 ⋆ PHILOSOPHY OF THE HUMAN PERSON- area in philosophy that understands the human person from a philosophical perspective. 16  Practical uses of Philosophy 1. For critical analysis and interpretation of concepts, definitions, arguments and problems 2. Improves problem- solving and decision – making 3. Develop clean and adequate articulation of ideas 4. Wisdom- application of knowledge/ sound choices and judgments 5. Self- development 17