Earth & Life Science Lesson 1: Origin and Structure PDF

Earth & Life Science Lesson 1: The Origin and Structure of the Earth  Learning Competencies The learners shall be able to: Recognize the uniqueness of Earth, being the only planet in the solar system with properties necessary to support life. Explain that the Earth consists of fo...

Earth & Life Science Lesson 1: The Origin and Structure of the Earth  Learning Competencies The learners shall be able to: Recognize the uniqueness of Earth, being the only planet in the solar system with properties necessary to support life. Explain that the Earth consists of four subsystems, across whose boundaries matter and energy flow.  Cosmological model that describes how the universe started its expansion about 13.8 billion “It all started with a Big Bang!” years ago INFLATION-Rapid peaceful expansion a point containing all space, time, matter and energy. Evidences that Support the Big Bang ❑ The expansion of the universe is supported by the observation that galaxies are receding from us. go or move back or further away from a previous position. ❑ The high amount of light elements like H, He and Li. ❑ The detection of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation which is the residue or heat leftover from the Big Bang.  It is a process that occurs when gravity attracts ACCRETION tiny bits of matter towards an object (leading theories about the formation of planet Earth) The Steps of Accretion ❑ Accretion forms planetesimals, which form protoplanets. ❑ A protoplanet is a planetary embryo that consists of a collection of matter, from which a planet is formed.  Hello! It’s me EARTH How can a planet sustain life? Requirements of Life in a Planet Temperature Water Atmosphere Dissolves and transports Traps heat, shields from harmful Influences the movement of chemicals within and to radiation, and provides the gases molecules as well as the and from the cells that sustain life warmth needed by organisms Nutrients Sources of Energy To build and maintain Light in Photosynthesis and organisms in the ecosystems chemical energy for life functions  Why is Earth special? ❑ Sufficient amount of energy from the sun. ❑ Temperature is about right. ❑ Different gases in the atmosphere. (CO2, H2O vapor, CH4) ❑ Presence of oxygen. ❑ Water in liquid state. ❑ Magnetic field which protects the Earth from cosmic radiation. Earth’s Subsystems 4 2 3 1  Gaseous blanket of air that envelops, ATMOSPHERE shields, and insulates Earth. use the mnemonic “The Smart Man Takes the Elevator”.  Gaseous blanket of air that envelops, ATMOSPHERE shields, and insulates Earth. Greenhouse gases (GHGs) are gases in the Earth's atmosphere that have the ability to trap heat from the sun, thus contributing to the greenhouse effect. (CFC, Methane, CO2) hydrosphere Includes all of Earth’s water.  Properties of Water Heat Capacity: Water has a high specific heat capacity, meaning it can absorb and store a significant amount of Density: Water is at maximum density at 3.98°C. heat energy before its temperature increases or decreases significantly. Global Usage of Water Lithosphere the rigid, outermost shell of a terrestrial-type planet or natural satellite that is defined by its rigid mechanical properties.(Rocks, soils, minerals) biosphere