Origin And Structure Of The Earth PDF

Simple recall…  NEPTUNE ______is the farthest planet from the Sun in the current classification.  URANUS The planet’s blue- green color is due to methane in its atmosphere.  SATURN _____is famous for its prominent ring system, made of ice and rock particles.  JUPITER It has a giant storm kn...

Simple recall…  NEPTUNE ______is the farthest planet from the Sun in the current classification.  URANUS The planet’s blue- green color is due to methane in its atmosphere.  SATURN _____is famous for its prominent ring system, made of ice and rock particles.  JUPITER It has a giant storm known as the Great Red Spot, which has been raging for at least 400 years.  MARS ____is home to the largest volcano in the solar system, Olympus Mons, which is about 13.6 miles (22 kilometers) high.  EARTH _________atmosphere is composed mainly of nitrogen (78%) and oxygen (21%).  VENUS _______is often called Earth’s twin because of its similar size and composition.  MERCURY ______is the smallest planet in the solar system. 1.1 What Is Earth Science? Overview of Earth Science  Encompasses all sciences that seek to understand  Earth  Earth's neighbors in space 1.1 What Is Earth Science? Overview of Earth Science  Earth science includes 1. geology- the study of Earth 2. oceanography- the study of the ocean 3. meteorology- the study of the atmosphere and the processes that produce weather 4. astronomy- the study of the universe Gusto mo ba maging Astronaut? Para pa fly-fly ka nalang? Activity 1: TOP 10 LIST Suppose you are an astronaut and you have a trip into space riding through a spaceship, and you are instructed to create a list of items you would need to bring? Gusto mo ba maging Astronaut para pa fly-fly ka nalang? What supplies would be necessary for life to continue on this trip? Think beyond what humans would need, and consider the needs of other forms of life that humans might bring along. Origin and Structure of the Earth Guess What? 1. G _ A _ I _ Y Guess What? Guess What? Guess What? Where do water came from when there’s a high tide? Guess What? What can you say about the picture below? WHY IS IT NAMED EARTH?  SCIENCE TRIVIA The name Earth is atleast 1000 years old. Earth is the only planet whose English name is not derived from Greek/Roman mythology. HOW DID EARTH GET ITS NAME?  Earth is one of the eight (8) planets in the solar system. It is considered as the home of simple single-celled organisms up to the most complex life forms including humans. It is undeniable that the planet we live in is a rare planet because it is the only planet that supports life. ACTIVITY 2: GUESS ME Direction: Based on the given table, distinguish if the statement is correct or not. Venus, Earth, and Mars are part of the inner terrestrial or “rocky” Venus is considered to be the Earth’s twin planet. It has a very similar size and mass with the Earth. Mars is about half the Earth’s size. Orbital period and velocity are related to the planet’s distance from the sun. Among the three planet, Venus is the nearest and Mars is the farthest from the Sun. Rotational speed of Earth and Mars are very similar. Rotational speed of Venus is extremely slow. Abundance of liquid water on Earth, hence the blue color. The Earth is a habitable planet. “GOLDILOCKS ZONE”  Earth is the only planet in the solar system known to harbor life. Our planet has a molten nickel-iron core which gave rise to an extensive magnetic field – “Gravity” Our atmosphere, shields us from harmful radiation coming from the Sun. Characteristics of Earth that Sustain Life Earth is the only place in the known universe confirmed to host life and is the only one known for sure to have liquid water in the surface. Just a random thought…. Do you believe in Aliens and UFOs?  ALIENS & UFO UFOs, or Unidentified Flying Objects, and extraterrestrials are perennial favorites in science fiction, but to date there have been no confirmed encounters on Earth Earth is a unique because: (1)It has water; (2)Plate Tectonics; and (3)It has atmosphere that shelters it from the worst of the sun’s rays.  Earth is a unique because: It has water Perhaps the most strikingly unique feature of Earth is its vast oceans, which cover 70% of the planet's surface. Earth is the only world in our solar system with liquid water at its surface today.  Earth is a unique because: (2)Plate Tectonics its system of plate tectonics, the slip-sliding movements of Earth's crust that are thought to have shaped the planet's towering mountain ranges and plummeting ocean depths.  Earth is unique because: (3) It has atmosphere that shelters it from the worst of the sun’s rays.  What makes earth habitable? Temperature Water Energy Distance from the Sun What makes earth habitable? Atmospheric Condition Magnetic Field Nutrients Greenhouse gases  What makes earth habitable? TEMPERATURE What makes earth habitable? TEMPERATURE Most living things are limited to a temperature range of -15˚C to 115˚C. Given this temperature range, H2O may still exist in liquid form being crucial to life. Among the other planets, only Earth’s surface has this temperature range.  What makes earth habitable? WATER  What makes earth habitable? WATER This matter dissolves and transports materials in and out of the cell. Only Earth has the right chemical materials like liquid water that could support life.  What makes earth habitable? WATER Earth is the only planet in the solar system that has a large amount of liquid water. About 70% of the surface of the Earth is covered by liquid or frozen water. Because of this, Earth is sometimes called “blue planet.”  What makes earth habitable? ENERGY  What makes earth habitable? ENERGY Living things use light or chemical energy to run essential life processes. With the availability of sufficient energy, organisms can perform different metabolic reactions through the cells. The inner planets such as Earth, get too much sunlight for life. The outer planets get too little.  What makes earth habitable? DISTANCE FROM THE SUN  What makes earth habitable? DISTANCE FROM THE SUN Planet Earth is habitable because it has the right distance from the sun.  What makes earth habitable? DISTANCE FROM THE SUN It is kept warm by an insulating atmosphere, and it has the right chemical ingredients for life including water and carbon. Earth is in the Goldilocks Zone. A region with the just the right temperature to sustain life – not too cold not too hot.  What makes earth habitable? ATMOSPHERIC CONDITION  What makes earth habitable? ATMOSPHERIC CONDITION The earth’s atmosphere is capable of trapping heat and houses the important atmospheric gases such as carbon dioxide and oxygen which cause the earth to warm.  What makes earth habitable? ATMOSPHERIC CONDITION It shields the surface from harmful radiation through the ozone layer and Earth has the right size to hold a sufficient-sized atmosphere. Earth’s atmosphere is about 100 miles thick.  What makes earth habitable? MAGNETIC FIELD What makes earth habitable? It shields us from the electromagnetic radiation coming from the Sun. The magnetic field deflects the radiation that may destroy the ozone layer.  The interaction between the solar wind and the magnetic field produces auroras, such as the Northern and Southern Lights, which are visible near the polar regions Auroras  What causes the Aurora? Our Sun generates a strong solar wind, which carries about one million tons of extremely hot plasma (electrons, protons, and other particles) away from the Sun every second. Earth’s magnetosphere acts like a shield that protects us from most of this constant solar wind, deflecting it around Earth.  What makes earth habitable? NUTRIENTS  What makes earth habitable? NUTRIENTS These are materials that build and maintain an organism’s body. The inner planets including Earth and moons have the same general chemical components which makes nutrients easily available in the environment.  What makes earth habitable? GREENHOUSE GASES  What makes earth habitable? GREENHOUSE GASES Without the greenhouse effect, Earth would be frozen, more than 60º F colder. The atmosphere is capable of trapping heat because of greenhouse gases. Examples of greenhouse gases are water vapor, methane, and carbon dioxide.