Lecture 2 In Music 10 - Quarter 2 PDF

LECTURE 2 IN MUSIC 10 QUARTER 2 - The music of Latin America is the product of three major influences -- indigenous, Spanish-Portuguese, and Africa. **INFLUENCE ON LATIN AMERICAN MUSIC** - **Indigenous Latin-American Music** - Materials for making instruments ranged from hollow tree t...

LECTURE 2 IN MUSIC 10 QUARTER 2 - The music of Latin America is the product of three major influences -- indigenous, Spanish-Portuguese, and Africa. **INFLUENCE ON LATIN AMERICAN MUSIC** - **Indigenous Latin-American Music** - Materials for making instruments ranged from hollow tree trunks, animal skins, fruit shell, dry seeds, hardwood trees, jaguar claws and animal and human bone - **Afro-Latin American Music** - Vocal music was often deep-chested while instrumental music greatly relied on drums and buzzers to produce rich sounds. - **Euro-Latin American Music** - Melodies of the Renaissance period were use. Some influences seen from unaccompanied vocal solos to accompanied by stringed instruments - **Mixed American Music** - Rich combination of musical elements. Combining native instruments with European counterpart and musical theories led to other music and dance form **POPULAR LATIN AMERICAN MUSIC** - The **samba** is a dance form of African origin which evolved into an African-Brazilian favorite in the working class and slum district of Rio de Janeiro. - The **son** is a fusion of the popular music or canciones of Spain and the African rumba rhythm of Bantu origin - The **salsa** is a social dance. The execution of the salsa involves shifting the weight by stepping sideways, causing the hips to move while the upper body remains level. **MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS OF LATIN AMERICA** *AZTEC AND MAYAN INSTRUMENT* - **Tlapitzalli** is a flute variety from the Aztec culture made of clay with decorations of abstract designs or images of their deities - The **teponaztli** is a Mexican slit drum hollowed out and carved from a piece of hardwood - The **concha** is a wind instrument usually made from the shell of a large sea snail - The **Rasp** is a hand percussion instrument whose sound is produced by scraping a stick that has series of indentations or notches stick, reacting rattling effects - The **hueheuti** is an upright tubular drum used by the Aztecs and other ancient civilization - **Whistles** are instruments made of natural elements such as bone from animals. - Ocarina - Zamponas - Siku - Wooden Tarka - Quena - Charango - The **Mariachi** is an extremely popular band in Mexico whose original ensemble consisted of violins, guitars, a harp, and an enormous guitarron. - **Cumba** - Panama and Colombian Popular Courtship Dance - **Tango** - The choreograph steps followed the dance trend of the Viennese waltz. Involving close contact between the male and female - **Cha Cha** - Cuban Ballroom dance. Contain polyrhythmic patterns, a normal count of "two-three-chachacha" and "four and one, two, three" - **Rumba** - Popular recreational dance of Afro-Cuban origin, performed in complex duple meter. - **Bossa Nova** - Slower, gentler version of the classic Cuban samba. It contains themes centering on love, women, nature, longing, and youthfulness - **Reggae** - Contained a Western-style melodic-harmonic base with African sounds and characteristics. - **Foxtrot** - It was executed as a one step, two step and syncopated rhythm pattern - **Paso Doble** - It is theatrical Spanish dance used by the Spaniards in bullfights **JAZZ MUSIC** - **Ragtime** is American popular musical style mainly for piano. Its music is written and contains regular meters and clear phrases, with an alteration of low bass or bass octaves and chords - The term **Big Band** refers to a large ensemble form origination in the US. This style relied on percussion, wind, rhythm (guitar, piano, double bass, vibes), and instruments, with a lyrical string section to accompany a lyrical melody. - **Bebop or Bop** is a musical style of modern jazz. It was characterized by a fast tempo, instrumental virtuosity, and improvisation. The speed of the harmony, melody, and rhythm resulted in a heavy performance where the instrumental sound became more intense and free - **Jazz rock** is a mix of funk and R&B rhythms, where the music used amplification and electronic effects, complex time signatures, and extended instrumental compositions with lengthy improvisation in the jazz styles. - **Popular music** literally means music of the populace. It is generally consisted of music for entertainment of large numbers of people, whether on radio or in live performances. - **Folk music** refers to melodies and songs of the common people that are handed down from one generation to the next. As the music of the people, it can express political or religious beliefs, tell a story, recount history, or simple provide amusement - *BOB DYLAN* - **Country and Western music** is a blend of popular musical forms. It features simple tunes, usually sung solo accompanied by a guitar, a banjo, or occasional whistling. - *TAYLOR SWIFT* - *JIM REEVES* - The **ballad** originated as an expressive folksong in narrative verse with text dealing typically with love. - *GEORGE GERSHWIN* - **Standard** is used to denote the most popular and enduring songs from a particular genre or style. - *FRANK SINATRA* - *NAT KING COLE* - **Rock and roll** It combined Afro-American forms such as the blues, jump blues, jazz, and gospel music with the Western swing and country music. The lead instruments were the piano and saxophone, but these eventually replaced by modern instruments - *ELVIS PRESLEY* - **Disco music** pertained to rock music that was more danceable, thus leading to the establishment of venues for public dancing also called discos. - *THE BEE GEES* - Most popular solo performer of all time is **Michael Joseph Jackson** who was born on August 29, 1958 and died on June 25, 2009. - **Hip hop music** is a stylized, highly rhythm type of music that usually includes portions of rhythmically chanted words called "rap". - In **rapping**, the artist speaks along with an instrumental or synthesized beat. - *EMINEM* - KANYE WEST - **Alternative music** was an underground independent form of music that arose in the 1980's. It was known for its unconventional practices such as distorted guitar sounds, oppressive lyrics, and defiant attitudes ORIGINAL PILIPINO MUSIC *1980s to 1990s* - Ryan Cayabyab - Gary Valenciano - Jose Marie Chan *1980s and 1900s,* - Regine Velazquez - Sharon Cuneta - Martin Nievera *Recently* - Yeng Constantino - Sarah Geronimo - Charice Pempengco - Pop music in the Philippines started as an adaptation or translation, if not complete imitation, of Western hits - BOBY GONZALES - RICO PUNO - APO HIKING SOCIETY - The start of the Manila Sound gave rise to songs using a colloquial language called taglish, a combination of Tagalog and English. - **JAZZ MUSIC** - Among them are jazz pianist and recording artist Boy Katanding, who comes from well-known clan. PHILIPPINE ALTERNATIVE FOLK MUSIC - This new form combined ethnic instrumentation with electronic accompaniment, while presenting themes or issues of Philippine society and the environment - FREDDIE AGUILAR - FLORANTE PHILIPPINE ROCK - This new sound was introduced by the legendary Juan dela Cruz Band which had for its members Pepe Smith, Wally Gonzales, Jeproks, and Mike Hanopol. - PAROKYA NI EDGAR - TRUE FAITH - RIVERMAYA - In the Philippines, **rap** also made popular by such composers and performers as Francis Magalona, Andrew E, and gloc 9. - FRANCIS MAGALONA