General Anatomy Notes PDF

Dr Bubaker Skin & Fascia Dr Bubaker Dr Bubaker Dr Bubaker Dr Bubaker Dr Bubaker Dr Bubaker 2. Dermis ‫ اآلدمة‬. deep layer which is made up of connective tissue (collagen and elastic fibers), It contains cutaneous nerves, blood vessels. Dr Bubaker Derm...

Dr Bubaker Skin & Fascia Dr Bubaker Dr Bubaker Dr Bubaker Dr Bubaker Dr Bubaker Dr Bubaker 2. Dermis ‫ اآلدمة‬. deep layer which is made up of connective tissue (collagen and elastic fibers), It contains cutaneous nerves, blood vessels. Dr Bubaker Dermis ‫اآلدمة‬: – It tends to be thinner on the anterior than the posterior surface. – It is thinner in women than in men. Dr Bubaker Dr Bubaker Dr Bubaker  In the dermis the bundles of collagen fibers are arranged longitudinally in limbs and horizontally in neck and thorax. These bundle of collagen is known as (Langer's lines) if a surgical incision is made parallel to them thin scar. if a surgical incision is made perpendicular to them thick scar. Langer's lines Dr Bubaker  Nails  Keratinized plates on dorsal surfaces of tips of fingers and toes.  Its formed of root, body and free border  Related Structures : Root of nail : proximal edge of plate. Nail folds : skin folds surrounding the nail. Nail bed : the surface of the skin covered by the nail. Dr Bubaker SEBACEOUS GLANDS Their duct open in the hair follicles Produces sebum Prevents excessive water loss from the skin Inhibits the growth of certain bacteria Sweat Glands Mammary glands: found within the Breasts, are modified sweat glands that secrets milk during lactation. Functions of skin: 1. Provides protection. 2. Regulates body temperature. 3. Sensation e.g touch, pain and temperature. 4. Synthesizes vitamin D. 5. Prevents water loss. Dr Bubaker Superficial fascia Deep fascia Dr Bubaker Deep fascia Dr Bubaker  Fascia  It is the connective tissue that lies between the skin and the underlying muscles and bones.  It is divided into, superficial & deep layers. Dr Bubaker  Fascia Superficial fascia: – It is found immediately under the skin. – It consists of connective tissue. – It contains a variable amount of fat, blood vessels and nerves of the skin. – It is extremely thin or absent in the eyelids, external ear. Dr Bubaker  Fascia Function : 1) Its fat content keeps the body temperature and give the body a rounded contour especially in females. 2) It allows free mobility of the skin. Dr Bubaker  It is a dense, connective tissue lies deep to superficial fascia. It covers most of the body. However, it is absent in certain regions e.g. in the face, and abdomen. Dr Bubaker  It covers the muscles and other deep structures.  In the limbs it forms a definite sheath around the muscles and sends septa to separate the different muscle groups.  Deep fascia is thickened infront of wrist and ankle to form Retinaculum.Dr Bubaker  In certain sites, it is thickened for protection e.g. the Palmar aponeurosis of the hand.  In certain sites It connects 2 bone called interosseous membrane Dr Bubaker Dr Bubaker