Inventors/Innovators of Early Industrial Society PDF

Inventors/Innovators of early Industrial Society For each one of the following people, do these two things: a) identify what they invented or what innovation they made. AND b) explain the importance of their achievement to industrialization/society. (for part b) Imp...

Inventors/Innovators of early Industrial Society For each one of the following people, do these two things: a) identify what they invented or what innovation they made. AND b) explain the importance of their achievement to industrialization/society. (for part b) Importance = Ask yourself, did the achievement do any or all of the following: i) Improve the production process in a particular industry? ii) Improve transportation and/or communication? iii) Make life easier/safer/more convenient/more enjoyable? 1) Townshend (263) a) Urged farmers to grow turnips b) Townshend's advice helped restore the exhausted soil for farmers, which helped support a plant(s) life. This helped improve the production process in the architecture industry. 2) Tull (263) a) Invented mechanical device the seed drill b) The Seed Drill improved and aided farmers to maximize their land more efficiently rather than scattering the seeds all over the land which was wasted and took more time. This helped improve the production process in the architecture industry. 3) Watt (264) a) Invented and improved a steam & coal powered engine b) The improvement on the engine helped make it more efficient and was a vital power source to the Industrial Revolution (This later on helped  improve locomotives & steamships). This helped improve the transportation industry. 4) Darby (264-5) a) Found new methods to producing iron b) The family's methods included the usage of coal instead of charcoal to smelt iron, methods also helped produce iron in a less expensive and better-quality way(later on was the reason for the first iron bridge and railway). This helped improve the production process in the steel making industry. 5) Arkwright (266) a) Patented the water frame b) The improvement of machines and was able to find a way to have them be runned/powered by moving water. This helped the production process in hydrogenation of industry 6) Whitney (266) a) Invented the cotton gin machine that separated the seeds from the raw cotton at a fast rate. This produced cotton at a rapid rate. b) Since cotton was easier to gain and make, people had more house utilities for daily life and increased the economy's wealth and an increase in some social classes. 7) Stephenson (268) a) Developed steam powered locomotives to pull carriages along the iron river. b) The steam powered locomotives meant that the people now could go places that the tracks were not able to, now its able to transport goods faster and cheaper. This helped improve the transportation industry. 8) Fulton (269) a) Robert Fulton improved steamboat engines b) The use of steam engines started to spread all over Europe and became the leading industrial power. This helped improve the transportation industry. 9) Bessemer (281) a) Developed a process to make steel from iron. b) Steal was a material that was lighter and more durable than iron. It was also cheaper to produce, it became the major material used to make tools. Made their life safer as the tools were now safer. This helped improve the production process in the architecture industry. 10) Nobel (282) a) Nobel invented dynamite. b) The new invention of this explosion made it a safer explosive. Since this was the case, people soon started to use it all over. This helped improve the production process industry. 11) Volta (282) a) Italian scientist who invented the first battery. b) Volta's invention of the battery helped other scientists that used his invention to help create more electricity and advance technology. This helped improve the production process of the electronic industry. 12) Faraday (282) a) English chemist who created the first simple electric motor and the first dynamo (machine that generates electricity). b) Today, all electrical generators and transformers work on the principle of his dynamo, which helps generate energy. This helped improve the production process of the electronic industry. 13) Edison (282)  a) American inventor who made the first electric light bulb. b) The invention of the light bulb was used to illuminate whole cities, and factories could operate after dark since they now had light. This helped improve the production process of the electronic industry. 14) Otto (283) a) German engineer who invented a gasoline-powered internal combustion engine. b) Otto's invention helped other engineers' use of his engine to lead to their other inventions and ultimately how we travel today. This helped improve the transportation industry. 15) Benz (283) a) Invented the first automobile which had 3 wheels and received a patent (document needed for an inventor to commercially advertise an invention) for it. b) These “horseless carriages” were laughed at, but they quickly revolutionized travel as well as inspired many automobile inventions. This helped improve the transportation industry & convince in daily life. 16) (Gottlieb) Daimler (283) a) Invented the high-speed liquid petroleum-fueled engine during the 1880s, father of the motorcycle. b) With the help of Daimler’s invention people were able to move around in cars in a faster way. This helped improve the transportation industry. 17) (Henry) Ford (283) a) Created automobiles for the middle class and was founder of the Ford Motor Company. b) Middle class people could also afford cars to get around because it was cheap and easy to repair his Model-T automobile.  Also is important to the industrial revolution because of his efficient assembly line system. This helped improve the transportation industry. 18) (Orville and Wilbur) Wright Bros. (283) a) Invented the AirPlane and improved the transportation and communication b) People were able to reach their destinations faster. This helped improve the transportation industry. 19) (Samuel) Morse (283) a) Co-developed ‘Morse code’ in 1837 and helped develop the commercial use of telegraphy. b) People were able to convey messages without words, before the invention of the telephone. This helped make daily life easier for people by communication & daily life safer. 20) (Alexander Graham) Bell (283) a) Developed and patented the first telephone in 1876. b) People were able to communicate without being close to each other. This helped life for humans to be able to have more convenient and better communication. 21) Marconi (283) a) Italian pioneer who invented the radio which b) Allowed wireless communication over long distances. This helped life for humans to be able to have more convenient and better communication. 22) Pasteur (284) a) A french chemist who linked microbes and disease.  b) Pasteur contributed greatly to medicine including vaccines against rabies and anthrax. He also developed pasteurization which killed disease carrying microbes in milk. This helped make life safer and more convenient. 23) Koch (284) a) German doctor who found bacteria that caused tuberculosis (respiratory disease that claimed 30 million peoples lives in the 1800’s). b) Helped improve curing of many people through finding the source, today most people are cured if they get the treatment. This helped make life safer and more convenient. 24) Nightingale (285) a) Army nurse who insisted on better hygiene in hospital fields b) Created more sanitary in the hospital which decreased sickness and disease and allowed people to be more educated in nursing to help people become healthier after sickness. She also founded the first nursing school. This helped make life more enjoyable and safer. 25) Lister (285) a) An English surgeon who discovered antiseptics which prevented infection. Insisted surgeons to sterilize their instruments & wash their hands before operating. b) This created a much cleaner and safer environment to form procedures on people without increasing infection. This helped make life more enjoyable and safer.