Introduction to the Study of Philippine Literature.pdf

Introduction to the Study of Why Do We Need to Study Philippine Philippine Literature Literature? Definition of Literature 1. Appreciate our literary heritage. Literature is derived from the Latin 2. Need to unders...

Introduction to the Study of Why Do We Need to Study Philippine Philippine Literature Literature? Definition of Literature 1. Appreciate our literary heritage. Literature is derived from the Latin 2. Need to understand great and noble term “litera” = letter tradition which can serve as the means to assimilate other cultures. Some interpret literature as any printed matter written within a book, 3. realize our literary limitations a magazine or a pamphlet. conditioned by certain historical factors and we can take steps to A faithful reproduction of man’s overcome them. manifold experiences blended into one harmonious expression. 4. Filipinos, who truly love and take pride in our own culture Literature deals with ideas, thoughts and emotions of man Philippine Literature in English Man’s loves, griefs, thoughts, - It is said that Philippine literature in dreams and aspirations coached in English has achieved a stature that beautiful language is literature. is, in a way, phenomenal since the inception of English in our culture. - Our written literature, which is four Brother Azurin hundred years old, is one of slow - “Literature expresses the feelings of and evolutionary growth. people to society, to government, to his surroundings, to his fellowmen - The great mass of literature in and to his Divine Creator.” English that we have today is, indeed, a tribute to what our Webster writers have achieved in the short - Literature is anything that is printed span of time. as long as it is related to the ideas and feelings of people, whether it is true, or just product of one’s imagination. Atienza, Ramos, Salazar and Nazal - “true literature is a piece of written work which is undying”  Time Frames of Philippine Literature General Types of Literature in English 1. PROSE - These include novels, or, short 1. The Period of Re-orientation: stories,dramas,legends,fables, essays, 1898-1910 anecdotes,and speeches. 2. The American Regime: 1898-1941 a. Novel – This is a long narrative 3. Period of Imitation: 1910-1925 divided into chapters. 4. Period of Self-Discovery: 1925-1941 ex. : WITHOUT SEEING THE DAWN 5. Japanese Period: 1941-1945 by Stevan Javellana 6. The Rebirth of Freedom: 1946-1970 B. Short story –This is a narrative 7. Period of Activism: 1970-1972 involving one or more character, one plot 8. Period of the New Society: 1972-1981 and one single impression. 9. Period of the Third Republic: 1981-1985 ex. THE LAUGHTER OF MY FATHER 10. Contemporary Period: 1986- by Carlos Bulosan Literature and History C. Plays - presented on a stage, is divided into acts and each act has many scenes. Literature and history are closely interrelated. In discovering the ex. THIRTEEN PLAYS by Wilfredo M. history of a race, the feelings, Guerrero aspirations, customs and traditions D. Legends - These are fictitious narratives, Events that can be written down are usually about origins. part of true literature. ex. : THE BIKOL LEGEND by Pio Duran Literature may be figments of the E. Fables - These are also fictitious and imagination or events devoid of they deal with animals and inanimate things truth who speak and act while History is made up of events ex. : THE MONKEY AND THE TURTLE that happened. F. Anecdotes - These are merely products of the writer’s imagination and the main aim is to bring out lessons to the reader. ex. : THE MOTH AND THE LAMP G. Essay - This expresses the viewpoint or B. Lyric Poetry: refers to that kind of opinion of the writer about a particular poetry meant to be sung to the problem or event. accompaniment of a lyre, but now, this applies to: ex. Editorial page H. Biography - deals with the life of a any type of poetry that expresses person which may be about himself, his emotions and feeling of the poet. autobiography or that of others. Folksong (Awiting Bayan) ex. : CAYETANO ARELLANO by Socorro O. Albert. - short poems intended to be sung. The common theme is love, despair, I. News - Report of everyday events in grief, doubt, joy, hope, and sorrow society, government, science and industry, and accidents, happening nationally or not. Ex. CHIT-CHIRIT-CHIT J. Oration - formal treatment of a subject Sonnets – This is lyric poem of 14 and is intended to be spoken in public. lines Ex. SANTANG BUDS by Alfonso P. Santos 2. Poetry - There are three types of poetry: Elegy – This is a lyric poem which narrative, lyric, and dramatic. expresses feelings of grief and A. Narrative Poetry - form describes melancholy, and theme is death. important events in life either real or Ode – no definite number imaginary syllables or definite number of lines in a stanza. Epic - extended narrative about heroic exploits Psalms(Dalit) – This is a song ex. THE HARVEST SONG OF praising God or the Virgin Mary ALIGUYON and containing a philosophy of life. Metrical Tale - a narrative which is Awit (Song) - These have measure written in verse and can be of twelve syllables (dodecasyllabic) classified either as a ballad or a sung to the accompaniment of a metrical romance guitar or banduria. ex. BAYANI NG BUKID by Al Perez Corridos (Kuridos) – These have Ballads - considered the shortest measures of eight syllables and simplest. It has a simple (octosyllabic) and are recited to a structure and tells of a single martial beat. incident. Ex. IBONG ADARNA. 3. Dramatic Poetry 1. Comedy – This form is light and written with the purpose of amusing, and usually has a happy ending. 2. Melodrama – This is usually used in musical plays with opera. Today, this is related to tragedy just as farce is to comedy. It arouses immediate and intense emotion and is usually sad but there is a happy ending for the principal character. 3. Tragedy – This involves the hero struggling mightily against dynamic forces; he meets death or ruin without success and satisfaction obtained by the protagonist in a comedy. 4. Farce – This is an exaggerated comedy. It seeks to arouse mirth by laughable lines; situation are too ridiculous to be true; the character seem to be caricatures and the motives undignified and absurd. 5. Social Poems – this form is either purely comic or tragic and it pictures the life of today. It may aim to bring about changes in the social conditions.