Hope 3 Document PDF

LESSON 1: **RHYTHMIC ACTIVITIES** -- Physical manifestations of the mental and emotional responses of individual through rhythm. **DANCE** -- expression of the dancer's thoughts and feelings. **DANCING** -- came from the old German word "damson" which means "to stretch". This is an act of moving...

LESSON 1: **RHYTHMIC ACTIVITIES** -- Physical manifestations of the mental and emotional responses of individual through rhythm. **DANCE** -- expression of the dancer's thoughts and feelings. **DANCING** -- came from the old German word "damson" which means "to stretch". This is an act of moving rhythmically and expressively to an accompaniment. **BRIEF HISTORY OF DANCE:** Dance is the earliest form of art. Man has danced from the beginning of time and will continue to use movement to meet his need for self-expression. Primitive man employed dance as an integral part of his social and religious life. Following the artistic age of the Greek civilization and the rise of the Roman Empire dance was integrated with drama and the theatre. Little is known of dancing during the Dark Ages except that it was affiliated with Church rituals. These church rituals were later to become religious drama performed in the churches by the clergy. Medieval period, dance and drama were integrated in many miracle and mystery plays, which abounded. Dancing in this era was in the style of folk dancing. The common folk participated in dancing because it was one of the recreational experiences that were allowed. Dance in the Renaissance period flourished records indicates that the court dances of this period were quite popular with nobility. The development of polka and waltz evolved from these court dances at a later date. During the modern times, modern dancing, jazz and pop dancing were developed. **PURPOSE OF DANCE IN EDUCATION** 1. Movement Education 2. Development of Personal Creativity 3. Aesthetic Experience 4. Intercultural and Integrative Experience 5. Social Involvement 6. Carry-over Values **BENEFITS OF DANCE:** 1. Benefits our cardiovascular system and increases our living capacity. 2. Aids in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. 3. Dance is an exercise that helps burn calories while improving our stamina 4. Develops the learner's power of observation, evaluation, analysis and perceptual awareness. 5. Strengthens our stabilizer muscles, while protecting our core and keeping us less prone to injury in our daily lives 6. Socially satisfying -- it creates a social life 7. Dancing is not only fun and romantic but it helps promote good grooming because everybody wants to look his/her best while they dance. 8. Dancing elevates our mood by raising our endorphin levels **PHASES OF THE DANCE PROGRAM:** 1. Creative Rhythms (Specific, part of a general) -- These are actually for children in the elementary grades. These are sometimes called fundamental rhythms or natural dances. 2. Folkdance -- is a cultural art form handed down from generation to generation. 3. Recreational Dances -- include dance mixers, square dancing and round and couple dance. 4. Social And Ballroom Dance -- a social gathering with a formal atmosphere rather than simple and informal parties in which recreational dances are the usual forms. **Creative Dance** -- is the highest form of dance for the purpose of entertainment. It is the end product of exploration and improvisation of movements as the dancer or choreographer expresses his feelings or emotions, ideas and interpretations. LESSON 2: **FUNDAMENTAL MOVEMENTS OR SKILLS APPLIED IN DANCE:** 1. LOCOMOTOR MOVEMENTS -- movements that move the body on space in any direction with the feet as the moving base. a. Walking b. Running c. Jumping d. Hopping e. Skipping f. Leaping g. Galloping h. Sliding 2. NON-LOCOMOTOR MOVEMENTS -- the various parts of the body move in space with a fixed base. The may be standing kneeling, sitting, or lying. a. Flexion -- bending/shortening of a body part occurring at a joint. b. Extension -- Stretching/straightening a body part occurring at a joint. c. Percussion -- striking/beating movements d. Pendular -- swinging or swaying movements e. Vibratory -- shaking or turning movements f. Sustained - a slow smooth flowing movements with balance of movements all throughout the entire series. g. Suspended -- start with a sharp movement followed by a slow movement. LESSON 4: **NATURE OF PHILIPPINE FOLKDANCES:** Our folkdances have a peculiar combination of Spanish and Oriental movements. Our contact with the Spaniards for more than three centuries has influenced our music and dances so that we have absorbed much of the Occidental movements. Folkdances have been increasing in popularity. Our own native dances earned world acclaim when our dance groups toured abroad. The dances have delighted and entertained people of all walks of life. As a form of recreation, folk dances help to promote national goodwill through depicting the habits and customs of people all over the world. **Mrs. Francisca Reyes-Aquino**, is considered the mother of Philippine folkdances. It was because of her interest that we have books: Philippine National Dances and five volumes of Philippine Folk Dances. The original and foremost dance troupe that paved the way to the birth of many dances and troupes was the University of the Philippines Folk Song and Dance Troupe. This group of dancers and singers toured the towns and provinces near Manila to dance and sing for the people. It was **Mrs. Tolentino** who organized later like the Filipiniana, Barangay, Bayanihan, Filipinescas, and many others. **Values of Dancing** 1. Physiological or neuromuscular development of the organic systems of the body 2. Cultural --depicts the culture of people 3. Social and recreational **Types of Folk Dances** 1. National --traditional dances of a given country 2. Regional --local 3. Character --created by individual or group **Objectives** 1. To foster patriotism and nationalism through the study of our dance 2. To arouse better appreciation of the Philippine music and folk dances 3. To provide through dancing, a healthful for of relaxation and recreation 4. To develop a graceful and rhythmic coordination of body movements that will improve posture 5. To preserve posterity, folk dances and music indigenous to the different regions in the Philippines 6. To demonstrate the growth of Filipino culture through the evolution of the Philippine Dances **Characteristics** 1. Dancers stand apart 2. Little bodily contact 3. Done by pairs or couples 4. Hand movements are important 5. Long formation 6. Begins and ends with saludo 7. Dances from the lowlands have more foreign elements than those found in the uplands 8. War dances are found among non-Christian tribes **Classification** 1. Geographical extent of origin 2. National Dances --found throughout the islands with little or no modification. 3. Local Dances --found in a certain locality. 4. Nature 5. Occupational --depicting action of a certain occupation, industry or human labour. 6. Religious or Ceremonial --performed in connection with religious vows and ceremonies. 7. Comic Dances --Depicting funny movements for entertainment. 8. Game Dances --with play elements, Lubi- lubi, Pavo 9. Wedding dances --performed during wedding feast, Panasahan 10. Courtship dances --depicting love-making. 11. Festival Dances --suitable for special occasion or any social gathering. 12. War dances --showing imaginary combat or duel. **Movements** 1. Active --with fast energetic movements. 2. Moderate --Carinosa, Tagala, Habanera, Purpuri 3. Slow --Pasakat, Amorosa, Tiliday, Kundiman 4. Slow and Fast --Putritos, Ba-Ingles, habanera Botolena, Alcamfor **Formation** 1. Square or Quadrille, Rigodon, Los Bailes de Ayer 2. Long Formation --Lukay, Sakuting 3. Set --consisting of two or more pairs as a unit, partners facing each other or standing side byside. **Do's** 1. Dance in a natural and simple and direct manner 2. Dance with ease, and smoothness 3. Use the proper costumes for the dance 4. Follow directions and dance instructions as closely as possible 5. Dance with feeling and expression **Don'ts** 1. Do not exaggerate the dance steps. 2. Do not make the dance too dainty and graceful like ballet 3. Don't make entrance and exit long 4. Don't make steps too elaborate and complicated **Dance Terms:** 1. **Abrasete** -- Girl at the right side, holds R arm of partner with her L hand, free hands down at the sides. This term is of Spanish origin and is used in Rigodon and in other dances. 2. **Arms in lateral position** -- Both arms are at one side, either sideward right or left. This may be done at shoulder, chest or waist level. 3. **Arms in Reverse T** -- arms are side horizontal, elbows bent at right angles, forearms parallel to head, palms forward or facing inward, fists loosely closed. 4. **Bilao** -- to turn palms of hands up and down alternately, hands at waist level in front, elbows close to waist. 5. **Brush** -- weight on one foot, hit the floor with the ball or heel of the foot (the free foot) after which that foot is lifted from the floor to any direction. 6. **Cabeceras** --when dancers are in square formation, the couples occupying the width of the hall are called "cabeceras" or head couples. This is a Spanish origin. 7. **Clockwise** -- like the motion of the hands of a clock. R shoulder is toward the center of an imaginary circle. When facing center, the movement is toward the left. 8. **Counterclockwise** -- the reverse of clockwise. L shoulder is toward the center of an imaginary circle. When facing center, the movement is toward the right. 9. **"Costados"** -- when dancers are in a square formation, the couples occupying the length of the hall are called "costados" or side pairs. This is of Spanish origin. 10. **Crossed Arms** -- Partners are facing each other or standing side by side, girl at the right of the boy. They join their L hands together and their R hands together; either R over L or L over R. 11. **Cross-Over** -- Two couples (vis-à-vis) are opposite each other. Each couple proceeds in a straight line to the opposite place. The girls pass by their L shoulders between the boys. Boys bow to each other when they meet at the middle or about one-third of the way, then proceed to the opposite place. Upon reaching the opposite place, partners' turnabout, girls stand at partners' right side. 12. **Cut** -- to displace quickly one foot with the other, thus completely taking off the weight of the body from the displaced foot. 13. **DO-si-do (Dos-a-Dos)** -- the vis-à-vis (opposite) both advance forward, pass each other's right (or left) side, step across to the right (or left), move backward without turning around pass each other's left (or right) side to proper places. This is of foreign origin and is used in many Philippine dances. 14. **Draw** -- to pull one foot along the floor close to the other which has the weight of the body. The weight may or may not be transferred. 15. **Free Foot** -- the foot not bearing the weight of the body. 16. **Saludo** -- partners bow to each other, to the audience, opposite partners, or to the neighbours with feet together. This term is of Spanish origin and is used in almost all Philippine dances. 17. **"Sarok" (or "Saroc")** -- Cross the R (L) foot in front of the L (R), bend the body slightly forward and cross the hands (forearms) down in front with the R (L) hand (forearm) over the L (R). This is a Visayan term. 18. **Set** -- A dance formation like a square or a unit formation composed of two or more pairs. 19. **Slide** -- to glide foot smoothly along the floor. The movement may be finished with or without transfer of weight. 20. **Stamp** -- to bring the foot forcibly and noisily on the floor (like doing a heavy step) with or without transfer of weight. 21. **Star with Right Hand** -- four or more people join R hands at center and circle around clockwise using the walking or any kind of dance step. 22. **Star with Left Hand** -- same with "star with right hand," but joining L hands and turning counter clockwise. 23. **Step** -- to advance or recede by raising or moving one foot to another resting place. There is a complete transfer of weight from one foot to another. 24. **Supporting Foot** -- the foot the bears the weight of the body. 25. **Tap** -- to rap slightly with the ball or toe of the free foot, flexing the ankle joint keeping weight of the body on the other foot. There is no change or transfer of weight. 26. **Whirl** -- to make fast turns by executing small steps in place right or left. **Safety in Dancing:** **Dehydration** - It occurs when you use or lose more fluid than you take in, and your body does not have enough water and other fluids to carry out its normal functions. **Overextension** - It occurs when people push themselves too hard during physical activities like Dancing causes injury when a person works beyond his or her physical capacity and tolerances of his or her body's soft tissues. **Hyperthermia** - Refers to a group of heat-related conditions characterized by an abnormally high body temperature in other words, the opposite of hypothermia. **Hypothermia** -- Is a medical emergency that occurs when your body loses heat faster than it can produce heat, causing a dangerously low body temperature. Normal body temperature is around 98.6 F (37 C). Hypothermia occurs as your body temperature falls below 95 F (35 C).