PE-3-POINTER-TO-REVIEW-2024 (1).docx

**PE 3 -- RHYTHMIC ACTIVITIES (DANCE)** **PHYSICAL EDUCATION** - The term refers to an important segment of general education which aims to contribute to the total development of the learner through participation in selected vigorous activities. It provides opportunities to acquire lifelong skills...

**PE 3 -- RHYTHMIC ACTIVITIES (DANCE)** **PHYSICAL EDUCATION** - The term refers to an important segment of general education which aims to contribute to the total development of the learner through participation in selected vigorous activities. It provides opportunities to acquire lifelong skills that are essential to his *[physical]*, *[mental]*, *[social]* and *[emotional]* development. **OBJECTIVES OF PHYSICAL EDICATION** PHYSICAL - physical fitness, which is the capacity of the body to engage in work and play without undue fatigue. SOCIAL - focus is on the acquisition of knowledge and understanding. MENTAL - A learner seldom gets into vigorous physical activity by himself. He plays, dances or exercises with people. EMOTIONAL - Participating in varied physical activities enables one to acquire pleasant attitude, desirable habits, appreciations and values. **RHYTHM**- According to Father Leo English, it is a movement with regular repetition of the beat, accent, rise and fall or the like. It is one of the most basic elements of music and one of the simplified forms of young children to learn. Rhythm-is a term denoting an aspect of quality of movement that is sometimes thought of as DANCE. **RHYTHMIC PATTERN**-is the arrangement of long and short intervals with relation to the underlying beat, accompanied by dividing the beat into parts and combining beats into different ways. RHYTHM ACTIVITY- are source of wholesome recreational pleasures which have a carry-over value in person's life \- Are the physical manifestation of the mental, emotional response of the individual to rhythm. **DANCE-** This refers to the movement sort to music where organization, structure and pattern merge. -it is the union of minds and body **DANCING**- this means of expressing one's emotion through movement disciplined by rhythm. It is an act of moving rhythmically and expressively to an accompaniment. The word "dancing" came from an old German word "DANSON" which means "to stretch". Essentially, all dancing is made up of stretching and relaxing. Thus, a simple analysis of the term "SAYAW" which easily leads one to say it must have derived from the word "SAYA" which means happy may have. **[THE MAIN KINDS OF DANCE]\ **1.Dances for participation, which do not need expectators; 2.Dances for presentation, which is designed for an audience **PHASES OF THE DANCE PROGRAM**\ 1. Fundamental Rhythm\ This is actually for children in elementary grades. Sometimes called as Fundamental Rhythms or natural dances. A creative rhythm is an end-product of exploration and improvisation of movements as children as children learn to move the parts of their body and to use them as instruments of expression. 2\. Folk/Ethnic Folk/Ethnic dance is a cultural art handed down to generation. It communicates the customs, beliefs rituals and occupations of the people of a region or country. **3.** Social and Ballroom Dance\ The setting of the social and ballroom dance is a social gathering with the more formal atmosphere than the simple and informal parties in which the recreational dances are usual forms. This kind of dance is usually done in evening and I formal attire. 4\. Recreational Dance Dance includes dances mixers, square dance, round and couple dances. Many of these dances have simple pattern and combination of walking steps, two step, polka step and waltz step. They setting of recreational dances is usually informal gathering and parties, reunions and the like. **5.** Creative Dance\ Creative dance is the highest form of dance for the purpose of entertainment. It is the end product of exploration and improvisation of movements as the dancer or the choreographer expresses his feelings or emotions, ideals and interpretations. This is a dance with a define form a beginning and ending. **FRANCISCA REYES AQUINO** - Considered as the **"Mother of Philippine Folk Dances"** for her untiring efforts in collecting, compiling, and propagating folk dances, and for her outstanding contribution to the advancement of Filipino culture in the field of dance   In 1973, President Marcos gave Dr. Reyes Aquino the **National Artist for Dance Award**. HISTORY OF FOLKDANCE - discovery of the Philippines of Magellan in 1521 1\. the Pygmies 2\. the Indonesians 3\. the Malays. - Negritos - depict the events of daily chores. - First dance, **Sinulog**, was a primitive duel dance between **two men using bolos.** - Dancing was considered a religious activity among the early Filipinos. Dances were performed by the priest and priestess in thanksgiving for the plentiful harvest, victorious battle, prosperous voyage or recovery from sickness. - the Spanish regime dancing played an important part in the social activity of the people. Among the Christianized Filipino groups, the **Komintang** was the oldest dance and song. - Second dance **Pampango** characterized by the movements of the loins and the and clapping of hands. CLASSIFICATION OF DANCE - A. **National dances.** These are the traditional dances throughout the Philippines with a common basic movement or pattern but with slight variations. - -found throughout the islands with little or no modification. - B. **Local or Regional Dances.** These are dances found in certain localities or regions only. - C. **Occupational Dances.** These are dances that depict actions characterizing certain occupation, Industries, and phases of human labor. - D. **Religious or Ceremonial Dances.** These are dances that are performed in connection with religious vows, practices, and ceremonies. A religious dance may be performed to: - E. **Courtship Dances-** Depict love making or are dances with love themes. - F. **Wedding Dance**. These are dances performed by newlyweds, by friends and relatives of the bride and groom, or by the father of the bride and the mother of the groom. - G. **Festival Dances**. These dances are performed in connection with celebration, a feast, a barrio fiesta, good harvest, and good fortunes. - H. **War Dance**. These dances are intended to show imaginary combat or duel with the use of fighting implements like bolo, kris or spear. Examples are Sagatan (Maranao), Inabaknon (Aeta), Negrito Duel and War Dances (Mts. Of Zambales and Bataan). - I. **Comic Dances.** These are dances with funny and humorous movements mainly intended for entertainment. Examples are Makongo, when the dancers imitate the movements of a monkey. Kinoton, where the dancers imitate the movements of a person bitten by ants; and Pinuhag, where a dancer imitates the movements of a person bitten by bees while gathering honey. - J. **Game Dances**. These are dancers that have some play elements and are for recreational purposes **FUNDAMENTAL DANCE OF FOLKDANCE** FEET POSITION ***First Position*\ **For the first position, form a V-shape with your feet by bringing your heels together to touch while keeping your toes away from each other. ***Second Position*\ **For the second position, move one foot sideward. Your feet should be parallel to each other while maintaining a distance of about 12 inches. ***Third Position*\ **For the third position, bring your foot's heel to touch the arch of your other foot, with both feet turned outward. ***Fourth Position*\ **In the fourth position, put your foot forward while the other foot still retains its position. The distance between\ the two feet should be about 12 inches. **Fifth Position\ **In the fifth position, bring the heel of the foot in front to touch the toe of the other. Both feet should still\ be pointing outward. ARMS FORMATION ***First Position*\ **For the first position, raise your arms into a circle in front of your chest. Your hands should be aligned in front of your chest with both arms slightly curved, and your fingertips should be at least 1 inch apart. ***Second Position*\ **For the second position, open your arms sideward at shoulder level. ***Third Position*\ **One arm is raised above your head, while the other arm maintains the second position. The arm that was raised should be slightly curved as well. ***Fourth Position*\ **In the fourth position, the arm in the second position would be raised forward in front of your chest again, similar to how it was in the first position. The arm that is lifted above your head will still maintain its position. ***Fifth Position*** For the fifth position, both arms should be lifted above your head, slightly curving. The posture is similar to that of the first position but raised above the head instead. **COMMON DANCE TERMS** 1. ABRASETE -- a girl at the right side holds R arm of the partner with her L hand, free hands down at the sides. This term is a Spanish origin and is used in Rigodon and in other dances 2. ARMS IN LATERAL POSITION -- both arms are at one side, either right or left, at shoulder, chest or waist level. 3. ARMS IN REVERSE "T" -- arms are side horizontal, elbows bents bent at right angle, forearms parallel to head, palms forward of facing inwards, fist loosely closed. 4. BILAO -- to turn palms of hands up and down alternately, hands at waist level in front elbow close to waist. 5. BLEKING -- heel place and close 6. BRUSH -- weight on the foot, hit the floor with the ball or heel of the other foot (the free foot) after which that foot is lifted from the floor to any direction. 7. CABECERAS -- when the dancers are in square formation, the couples occupying the width of the hall are called "cabeceras" or head couples, this is Spain origin. 8. CHASING -- execute successive close steps with one foot leading. 9. CLOCKWISE -- like the motion of the hands of the clock R shoulder is toward the center an imaginary circle. When facing center, the movements is toward the left. 10. COUNTER CLOCWISE - the reverse direction of clockwise L shoulder is toward the center of an imaginary circle. When facing center, the movement is toward right. 11. COSTADOS -- when dancer is in square formation, the couples occupying the length of the hall are called costados or side pair. Spanish origin. 12. Crossed arm -- partners are facing each other or standing side by side, girl at the right of the boy. They join their L hands together and their R hands together; either R over L or L over R hands. 13. Cut -- to displace quickly one foot with the other, does completely taking off the weight of the body from the displaced foot. 14. Crossed-over -- two couples (the vis-à-vis ) are opposite to each other. Each couples proceeds. 15. Do-si-do ("Dos-A-Dos") the vis-à-vis (opposite) both advance forward,pass each others right (or left) side, step across to the right (or left), move backward without turning around pass each other left (or right) side to proper places. This is a foreign origin and is used in many Philippine classes. 16. Draw - to pull one foot alone the floor closes to the other wich has 5the weight of the body. The weight may or may not be transferred. 17. Free foot -- the foot not bearing the weight of the body. 18. Free- hand -- the hand not place anywhere or not doing anything. 19. Hands on waist -- place hands at the waistline (at the smallest paert of the trunk) knuckles in, fingers pointing in rear. 20. Hapay -- to flourish or offer a handkerchief, hath or glass of wine to somebody as a sign of invitation. 21. Hayon-hayon -- to place one forearm in front of the other at the back of the waist. This is a Visayan Term. 22. Hop -- a spring from one foot landing on the same foot in place or any direction. The other foot may be raise in any direction. 23. Haplik -- leap sideward into R(L) (ct.1), step R(L) across in front of R(L) and quickly step the R(L) foot in the place (ct.2). 24. Inside foot -- the foot nearest one's partner, when partner stand side by side. 25. Inside hand -- the hands nearset one's partner, when partners stand side by side. 26. Jaleo -- prteners turn once around clockwise (with R elbows almost touching) or counter clockwise ( with L elbows almost touching ) using walking or any kind of dance step. The hand near each other are on waists. This is a Tagalog term of Spanish origin. 27. Jump -- spring on both feet landing both in any direction. 28. Komintang -- moving the hand from the wrist either in a clockwise or counter clockwise direction. This is an Ilocano term. 29. Leap -- a spring in one foot in any direction (forward, sideward, backward, or oblique). 30. Masiwak -- to turn the hand from the wrist half-way clockwise then raise and lower wrist once or twice. This is an Ibanag term. 31. Minching -- with feet in 5^th^ position and heels raised, take as many tiny steps sideward (one step in every count). 32. Outside foot -- the foot away from one's partner, when partners stand side by side. 33. Outside hand - the hand away from one's partner, when partners stand side by side. 34. Place -- to put in a certain or desired position without putting weight on it. 35. Pivot -- to turn with the ball, heel, or whole foot on fixed place or point. 36. Point -- touches the floor lightly with toes of one foot, weight on the body on the floor. 37. Salok -- to swing the arm downward-upward passing in front of the body as if scooping, the trunk is bent forward following the movement of the arm doing the salok. This is a tagalog term. 38. Saludo -- partners vow to each other to the audience, opposite dancers or to the neighbors with the feet together. The term is of Spanish origin and is used in almost all Philippine dance. 39. Sarok -- cross the R or L foot in front of the L(R), bend the body slightly forward and across the hands (forearms) down in front with the R or (L) hand (forearm) over the L(R). this is an Visayan term. 40. Set -- a dance formation like a square or a unit formation composed of wo or more pairs. 41. Slide - to glide the foot smoothly on the floor the movement may be finished with or without transfer of weight. 42. Star with R hand -- four or more people join hands at the center and circle around using walking or any kind of dance step. 43. Star with the L hand -- same as "star with the R hand" but joining left hand and turning counter clockwise. 44. Step- to advance or to recede by raising or moving one foot to another by resting place. There is a complete transfer of weight from one foot to another. 45. Stamp -- to bring the foot forcibly and noisily on the foot. 46. Supporting foot -- the foot that bears the weight of the body. 47. Tap -- to rap slightly with the ball or toe of the free foot ,flexing the ankle, joint, keeping the weight of the body on the other foot. 48. Whirl-to make pass turns by executing small steps in the place, to right or to left.