History101 Notes Week 6 PDF

30s, 40s, & 50s 1930s Clarence Birdseye (?) ○ Businessman & inventor ○ Best known for developing a process for retail frozen foods Founded the Birds Eye Frozen Food Company Al Capone/ Scarface ○ Chicago Prohibition-era gangster/...

30s, 40s, & 50s 1930s Clarence Birdseye (?) ○ Businessman & inventor ○ Best known for developing a process for retail frozen foods Founded the Birds Eye Frozen Food Company Al Capone/ Scarface ○ Chicago Prohibition-era gangster/ biggest gangster Organized crime, narcotics trafficking, robbery, bootlegging, prostitution Bootlegging: selling alcohol illegally ○ Caught because of tax evasion Sent to Alcatraz Suffered from long-term syphilis & transferred to Terminal Island Prison ○ Broken out by _______ ○ Last picture: smoking in nightgown and fishing ○ Frank Wilson Accountant Found out Al Capone wasn’t paying income taxes Evita Peron ○ Helped enact a number of reforms & policies ○ Helped bring about the passage of Argentina’s women's suffrage law Don’t cry for me, Argentina Death: cervical cancer Favorite flower- rose For 3 days, Argentina didn’t have any roses ○ More popular than husband, Juan Person ○ 9th grade high school dropout 1st amendment → balance test between state & individual and clear & present danger 14th amendment → most recited amendment ○ 3 clauses: due process, equal protection, privileges John Scopes trial ○ Practiced and preached evolution Man is not created by God but came out of the sea as some type of a fish that progressed into an ape that progressed into a man BEAR MARKET/ BULL MARKET ○ Stock market is doing bad / good SOCIAL SECURITY ACT ○ Roosevelt’s crowning achievement as president ○ Elderly couldn't pay for their physician/ medical treatment ○ 1.5% investment, general return is 5-7% ○ Medicare  What was the first cartoon? ○ Steamboat Willie (Mickey Mouse) by Walt Disney Immigration act of 1924 ○ Ends restriction of putting a limitation of number of people who can enter America What city became the capital of the movie industry? ○ Hollywood ○ Made 800 movies a year President during fireside chats? ○ Roosevelt Most famous romantic actor of the silent film era, “Latin Lover” ○ Rudolph valentino Charlie chapman ○ Was called little tramp because he dressed like one Percent of people unemployed in America ○ 33% Involved stocks that needed rules and regulations with the stock market ○ SEC (Securities and Exchange Commission) (?) 3 nightmares of Roosevelt ○ The Great Depression ○ Dust Bowl ○ WWII 1940s (WWII) Most notable thing is WWII ○ Germany giving problems The bad guys of WWII ○ Germany, Italy, Japan (axis powers) Later joined: Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, Slovakia, Croatia Allied powers: UK, US, Soviet Union, France, China Hitler wanted to control Europe ○ Brainwashed them into believing he was a god and that Germany will be the greatest for 1000 years ○ Inject himself with bull sperm ○ Never learned to drive ○ Claim to fame: Mein Kampf (book) ○ Gave his men meth, making them angry & sleepless Allowed them to fight day & night aggressively Said it was a supplement ○ Needed someone to blame  Blamed Jewish people for the economic situations Winston Churchill ○ Prime Minister of UK during WWII ○ Lead UK to victory over axis powers America wanted to stay out of the war but didn’t because Japan bombed Pearl Harbor ○ Japan was the ally of Germany that sent us into WWII (Atlantic Ocean & Pacific Ocean?) ○ One of the greatest tragedies in american history 2400 people died Japanese people living in America were giving secrets to Germany and Japan 1942 - Roosevelt issued Executive Order 9066, held in favor of the US ○ Led to forced relocation of ~120,000 Japanese Americans ○ America confined them in internment camps in Washington DC Camps had barbed wire, german shepherds, & armed guards ○ Bill Clinton becomes president Gives every person affected $20,000 (Reagan??) Komesut (?) How long did the Great Depression last? (Roosevelt) ○ 10 years ○ Was supposed to be the war that ends all wars ○ Philippines, Guam, & Wake Island (& Midway Atoll?) Japan attacked US territories shortly after Pearl Harbor attack Wanted more land Captured Wake Island in 2 weeks, others in following days Campaign of double v ○ Women picked up the slack ○ Victory of enemies at home & victory overseas G.I. Bill of Rights ○ If you went to war, the government gave you certain rights Free education, housing, healthcare for the rest of your life Discount for mortgages & on a loan to start a business ○ Quid pro quo Japan knew everything because they planned everything a year ahead ○ Wasn't going to end, we had to take drastic measures Atomic bomb made by J. Robert Oppenheimer Dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945 ○ Aug. 6: Little Boy dropped on Hiroshima 90,000-166,000 died from bombing ○ Aug. 9: Fat Man dropped on Nagasaki ~60,000-80,000 died from bombing  ○ → “black rain” that was radioactive → develop cancer → more people died Truman became president after Roosevelt was torn on the atomic bomb droppings ○ If you were in a plane and participated, you had an 80% chance of not coming back/ 20% chance of survival Death total: ~75 million (?) (20 million military personnel & 40 million civilians) ○ 135,000 - America ○ 200,000 - UK ○ 9 million (?) - Soviet Union ________ won because of overproduction & mass goods ○ Allied powers? America? FACTS ABOUT WWII (from website) 1.5 million children died during The Holocaust 12 million people died in concentration camps The longest battle was the Battle of the Atlantic Country with largest number of WWII casualties was Russia: over 21 million Russians were involved in the last days of the war taking over Berlin ○ Discrete by wearing white to blend in the snow Hitler and wife committed suicide at the end ○ Hitler first with a bullet to the head then wife Wasn't quite sure because of there being doubles of people German war soldiers dressed as Jewish people to escape Hitler/ Nazis murdered about 11 million people ○ 6 million Jews & 6 million homosexuals Japanese kamikaze pilots → suicide attack on ships & enemy targets Construction of the Jeep to transport troops & supplies Nuremberg trials ○ Defense: “we were just following orders” WWII ended on September 2, 1945 ○ Japan signed the Instrument of Surrender agreement One of the developments that came out of WWII ○ Blood transfusions - saved thousands of lives WWII hamburgers were called “liberty steaks” to avoid sounding German Sanity becomes reality Hitler kept a framed photo of Henry Ford on his desk ○ Ford kept a photo of Hitler on his desk Out of 40,000 soldiers on U-Boats, only 10,000 returned A lot of German nazis ended up in Argentina Tokyo would’ve been the 3rd city bombed if necessary Hitler responsible for Volkswagen for his own people Hitler’s nephew was in the US Navy  Hitler has to convince German people that he was the best thing since microwavable popcorn and _________ Hitler’s 2 brainstorms: ○ 1. He killed all the professors at universities so that people would learn history ○ 2. He takes over the newspapers and publishes whatever benefits him/ so they wouldn’t learn anything he didn’t want them to What developed during the Cold War? communism? ○ Containment theory - goal of Truman & Eisenhower Prevent the spread of communism after the end of WWII To block expansion of Soviet power ○ Domino theory - Truman & Eisenhower believed if one country became communist, other countries would follow What were the 3 ○ Live in democracy state, socialist state, or Housing Act of 1949 – signed by Truman ○ 18,000 homes built because people were coming home & getting married ○ Close to $1 million in housing ○ Goals were to establish national housing policy & provide a decent home & suitable living environment 1950s Battle in Korea / Battle of Osan ○ First time America becoming involved in an Asianic battle ○ First time America gets involved in military action dealing with communism ○ Division of North/South Korea 38th parallel that divided North Korea & South Korea One of the things that takes place internally in America ○ Construction of roadways and freeways Levitt housing/ Levittown ○ Affordable houses ○ Can be built in 16 minutes 1950s - California is the place to live ○ 1958 - NY Dodgers come to california and become LA Dodgers ○ 1961 - Minnesota Lakers become LA Lakers  ○ Disneyland Hernandez v Texas ○ Hispanic community called upon to serve as jurors in trials Called on but never selected There was discrimination against hispanics to serve on jury duty Supreme community ruled that ______ Voir dire - “to speak the truth” Peremptory challenge - right to remove certain jurors without reason Typical American family ○ Father, mother, & 2 children 1950s - golden era of America ○ Tv dinners - swanson tv dinners