Histology Cytology 3 Questions PDF

1. What is the main function of ribosomes? a) DNA replication b) Protein synthesis c) Lipid synthesis d) Cell division Answer: b 2. Where is rRNA synthesized in the cell? a) Cytoplasm b) Ribosomes c) Nucleolus d) Golgi apparatus Answer: c 3. What type of ribosome is i...

1. What is the main function of ribosomes? a) DNA replication b) Protein synthesis c) Lipid synthesis d) Cell division Answer: b 2. Where is rRNA synthesized in the cell? a) Cytoplasm b) Ribosomes c) Nucleolus d) Golgi apparatus Answer: c 3. What type of ribosome is involved in cell growth? a) Free ribosomes b) Attached ribosomes c) RER ribosomes d) Polyribosomes Answer: a 4. Which component of the cytoskeleton forms a 3D network in cells? a) Microtubules b) Actin filaments c) Intermediate filaments d) Thin filaments Answer: c 5. What is the primary function of microtubules? a) Absorption  b) Protein synthesis c) Cell movement d) Cytoskeleton formation Answer: d 6. Centrioles are organized in which structural pattern? a) 9+2 b) 9+3 c) 9+0 d) 8+2 Answer: b 7. What is the main function of cilia? a) Absorption b) Secretion c) Movement of materials d) Cell growth Answer: c 8. What are the two types of microfilaments? a) Actin and myosin b) Keratin and collagen c) Tubulin and actin d) Actin and fibrin Answer: a 9. Which organelle has a brush border appearance in light microscopy? a) Nucleus b) Mitochondria c) Microvilli  d) Centrioles Answer: c 10. What is the role of microvilli? a) Increase surface area for absorption b) Protein synthesis c) Movement d) Cell division Answer: a 11. Which of the following is an exogenous pigment? a) Hemoglobin b) Melanin c) Carotene d) Lipofuscin Answer: c 12. Where are crystals of calcium carbonate typically found? a) Liver b) Bone c) Heart d) Skin Answer: b 13. What type of chromatin is transcriptionally active? a) Heterochromatin b) Euchromatin c) Microchromatin d) Megachromatin Answer: b 14. What cellular structure contains histones? a) Golgi apparatus b) Ribosomes c) Chromatin d) Mitochondria Answer: c 15. Which area of the nucleolus contains inactive DNA? a) Pars granulosa b) Pars fibrosa c) Fibrillar center d) Nucleolar matrix Answer: c 16. Which organelle is involved in the synthesis of ribosomal subunits? a) Ribosomes b) Golgi apparatus c) Nucleolus d) RER Answer: c 17. The nuclear envelope is continuous with which organelle? a) Golgi apparatus b) RER c) Ribosome d) Mitochondria Answer: b 18. How many subunits make up a ribosome? a) 1  b) 2 c) 3 d) 4 Answer: b 19. Which structure is known as the 'cartwheel' pattern in cells? a) Ribosome b) Cilia c) Centriole d) Nucleus Answer: c 20. Where is melanin typically found? a) Bone b) Skin c) Liver d) Lung Answer: b 21. What does the nuclear matrix contain? a) DNA only b) rRNA only c) Metabolites, minerals, and fibrils d) Lipids Answer: c 22. What is the role of actin filaments? a) Protein synthesis b) Muscle contraction c) Lipid transport  d) Pigment storage Answer: b 23. Which of the following is not a component of the cytoskeleton? a) Microtubules b) Chromatin c) Intermediate filaments d) Thin filaments Answer: b 24. Which type of microtubule population is stable? a) Free-floating in cytoplasm b) Part of mitotic spindle c) Part of centrioles d) Part of polyribosomes Answer: c 25. Which type of RNA is involved in forming ribosomes? a) mRNA b) tRNA c) rRNA d) siRNA Answer: c 26. What does 'E/M' refer to in microscopy? a) Electromagnetic b) Electron Microscopy c) Extra membrane d) Experimental module Answer: b 27. What is the main function of intermediate filaments? a) Provide cellular support and structure b) Synthesize proteins c) Act as a transport system d) Facilitate movement Answer: a 28. What structure is responsible for movement of fluids in the respiratory tract? a) Microvilli b) Cilia c) Nucleus d) Ribosomes Answer: b 29. Which organelle appears blue with basic stains? a) Nucleus b) Mitochondria c) Ribosomes d) Golgi apparatus Answer: a 30. What cellular component is primarily found in red blood corpuscles? a) Chromatin b) Hemoglobin c) Lipofuscin d) Actin filaments Answer: b 1. Describe the structure and function of ribosomes. 2. Explain the role of the nucleolus in ribosome formation. 3. Differentiate between heterochromatin and euchromatin. 4. Describe the structure and function of the cytoskeleton. 5. Explain how microtubules contribute to cell division. 6. Discuss the function of cilia in the respiratory tract. 7. Describe the role of microfilaments in muscle contraction. 8. What is the function of microvilli in epithelial cells? 9. Explain the significance of the nuclear envelope. 10. Describe the formation and function of centrioles.