Gen Bio 1_Q1_Lesson 3_Animal and Plant Tissues (1).pdf

Label each level indicated in the diagram below. LEVELS OF ORGANIZATION LEVELS OF ORGANIZATION Living things are highly organized and structured, following a hierarchy that can be examined on a scale from...

Label each level indicated in the diagram below. LEVELS OF ORGANIZATION LEVELS OF ORGANIZATION Living things are highly organized and structured, following a hierarchy that can be examined on a scale from small to large. SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING AND MATHEMATICS GENERAL BIOLOGY 1: ANIMAL AND PLANT TISSUES MR. EDGARDO JR. VIADOR  OBJECTIVES: 1. Classify different cell types (plant and animal tissues) and specify the function(s) of each; and 2. Describe some cell modifications that lead to adaptation to carry out specialized functions KEY POINTS! Tissues is an aggregation of cells that function together and have a similar function. Tissues are adapted by the structure of their cells to carry on a particular function. Single-celled organisms are different from single cells that are part of an organism. PICTURE ANALYSIS Classify the ff. pictures as animal or plant tissues. Vascular Epithelial Nervous Ground Connective tissues tissues tissues tissue tissues PICTURE ANALYSIS Analyze the ff. pictures. What function does each do? LOOK, LISTEN AND NOTE! Fill-in the tables with complete information. Use the provided PPT and module as reference. You may use other references, if necessary. Example/s of Animal Tissues Cell Type Function organ/s LOOK, LISTEN AND NOTE! Fill-in the tables with complete information. Use the provided PPT and module as reference. You may use other references, if necessary. Based on PLANT PART/S Plant Tissues Function/s Location/ Part/s of Plant LOOK, LISTEN AND NOTE! Fill-in the tables with complete information. Use the provided PPT and module as reference. You may use other references, if necessary. Based on TYPE OF CELLS Plant Tissues Function/s Cell Types A. ANIMAL TISSUES Epithelial Nervous Muscle Connective tissue tissue tissue tissue 1. EPITHELIAL TISSUES Occurs as sheets of tightly packed cells that cover the body surfaces and linings in internal organs and cavities Functions: a. Sensory reception, excretion, filtration and other metabolic activities b. Mechanical strength to underlying cells and tissues c. Protection of internal organs against pathogens, toxins, physical trauma, radiation, etc. d. Secretion of hormones, enzymes, etc. 1. EPITHELIAL TISSUES CELL TYPES/ ARRANGEMENTS 1. EPITHELIAL TISSUES SECRETION 1. EPITHELIAL TISSUES SECRETION AND ACTIVE ABSORPTION 1. EPITHELIAL TISSUES EXCHANGE OF MATERIAL THROUGH DIFFUSION 1. EPITHELIAL TISSUES REGENERATES QUICKLY; PROTECTION 1. EPITHELIAL TISSUES LINING OF RESPIRATORY TRACT; LINED WITH CILIA  Epithelial Tissues Epithelial Tissue Connective Tissue Muscular Tissue Nervous Tissue The different types of cell-cell junctions characterize various epithelial tissues. 20 Epithelial Tissues  Epithelial Tissues simple squamous simple cuboidal simple columnar Epithelial Tissue No. of layers Epithelial tissues Examples Functions Connective Tissue and shape of cells Muscular Tissue site of one layer air sacs or diffusion or alveoli, exchange of flat, scale- capillary Nervous Tissue substances; like walls secretion 22  Epithelial Tissues simple squamous simple cuboidal simple columnar Epithelial Tissue No. of layers Epithelial tissues Examples Functions Connective Tissue and shape of cells Muscular Tissue glands and one layer their ducts, absorption ovaries, and Nervous Tissue cube- and lining secretion shaped of kidney tubules 23  Epithelial Tissues simple squamous simple cuboidal simple columnar Epithelial Tissue No. of layers Epithelial tissues Examples Functions Connective Tissue and shape of cells Muscular Tissue absorption one layer walls of and the gastro- secretion; intestinal elongated contains tract and Nervous Tissue or column- goblet cells body that secrete shaped cavities mucus 24  Epithelial Tissues pseudostratified stratified stratified stratified columnar squamous cuboidal columnar Epithelial Tissue No. of layers and Epithelial tissues Examples Functions Connective Tissue shape of cells absorption Muscular Tissue and secretion; usually ciliated; cells Nervous Tissue one layer the lining have of the unequal elongated respiratory length and  Epithelial Tissues pseudostratified stratified stratified stratified columnar squamous cuboidal columnar Epithelial Tissue No. of layers Epithelial tissues Examples Functions Connective Tissue and shape of cells Muscular Tissue more than the protection one epidermis, against layer lining of abrasion or mouth, constant Nervous Tissue esophagus, exposure to flat, scale- like and vagina friction 26  Epithelial Tissues pseudostratified stratified stratified stratified columnar squamous cuboidal columnar Epithelial Tissue No. of layers Epithelial tissues Examples Functions Connective Tissue and shape of cells Muscular Tissue more than sweat glands, one salivary protection layer glands, and Nervous Tissue and secretion cube- mammary shaped glands 27  Epithelial Tissues pseudostratified stratified stratified stratified columnar squamous cuboidal columnar Epithelial Tissue No. of layers Epithelial tissues Examples Functions Connective Tissue and shape of cells Muscular Tissue more than one male layer urethra protection and ducts and Nervous Tissue elongated of some secretion or column- glands shaped 28 The trachea is lined with a pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium. How does this structure prevent unwanted particles like food from entering the lungs? 29 2. CONNECTIVE TISSUES made up of cells separated by non-living materials called as extracellular matrix Functions: a. Helps in binding the organs together and provides support. b. Insulating c. It protects against the invasions of pathogens by their phagocytic activity. d. Provides shape to the body, conserves body heat and also stores energy. e. It is involved in the transportation of water, nutrients, minerals, hormones, gases, wastes, and other substances within the body. 2. CONNECTIVE TISSUES  Connective Tissues Epithelial Tissue Connective Tissue Muscular Tissue Nervous Tissue The basic components of connective tissues vary according to their type (left, extracellular matrix; right, fibers and fibroblast). 32  Connective Tissues Epithelial Tissue Connective Tissue Muscular Tissue Nervous Tissue The different connective tissues vary with the composition of their extracellular matrices and the types of cells they consist of. 33  Connective Tissues Epithelial Tissue Connective Description Examples Functions Tissues Connective Tissue layers of a very hard matrix with Bone or calcium salts and protection osseous skull and Muscular Tissue collagen fibers and tissue ribs consists of bone support cells called Nervous Tissue lacunae 34  Connective Tissues Epithelial Tissue Connective Description Examples Functions Tissues Connective Tissue more flexible hyaline matrix than cartilage protection Cartilage bone fibro Muscular Tissue and cartilage cells cartilage called support elastic chondrocytes cartilage Nervous Tissue 35  Connective Tissues Connective Epithelial Tissue Description Examples Functions Tissues Matrix is Connective Tissue predominantly Dense made up of connective collagen fibers or dense tendon Muscular Tissue and has lesser support fibrous ligament cells. tissue This is a fibroblast or a Nervous Tissue fiber-forming cell. 36  Connective Tissues Epithelial Tissue Connective Description Examples Functions Tissues Matrix Connective Tissue areolar contains tissue more cells protection, Loose adipose and lesser insulation, Muscular Tissue connective tissue or fat fibers than storage, tissue tissue dense and reticular connective support connective Nervous Tissue tissue so it is tissue softer. 37  Connective Tissues Epithelial Tissue Connective Description Examples Functions Tissues plasma Connective Tissue Cellular components transport consist of blood of cells. blood substance, Muscular Tissue Blood with fibers that are blood immune only visible during cells response, clotting because and blood Nervous Tissue they are made up of clotting soluble proteins 38 3. MUSCLE TISSUES composed of long cells called muscle fibers that allow the body to move voluntary or involuntary Functions: a. Helps in maintaining an erect position, or posture. b. Helps in the constriction of organs and blood vessels. c. Involved in both voluntary and involuntary movements. d. Involved in pumping blood and regulating the flow of blood in arteries. e. Controls respiration by automatically driving the movement of air both into and out of our body. 3. MUSCLE TISSUES  Muscle Tissues Epithelial Tissue Connective Tissue Muscular Tissue Nervous Tissue The types of muscle tissues differ in their general structure but more or less perform the same function, i.e., to elicit movement. 41  Muscle Tissues Epithelial Tissue Muscular Muscle Location Description Tissues Control long, Connective Tissue cylindrical, striated (with Skeletal attached to visible stripes), Muscular Tissue muscle the skeleton and voluntary or bones multinucleated (with more than one Nervous Tissue nucleus) 42  Muscle Tissues Epithelial Tissue Muscular Muscle Location Description Tissues Control Connective Tissue found in the made up of walls of hollow nonstriated, Smooth organs such uninucleated, as intestines, Muscular Tissue muscle and spindle- involuntary stomach, shaped (have bladder, blood pointed ends) vessels, and cells. Nervous Tissue uterus 43  Muscle Tissues Epithelial Tissue Muscular Muscle Location Description Tissues Control Connective Tissue uninucleated (one nucleus) Cardiac and has found in the striations Muscular Tissue muscle involuntary heart has intercalated Nervous Tissue disks 44 4. NERVOUS TISSUE composed of nerve cells or neurons and glial cells main components of the brain and spinal cord in CNS; cranial and spinal nerves in PNS Functions: a. Response to stimuli b. Stimulates and transmits information within the body. c. Plays a major role in emotions, memory, and reasoning. d. Maintains stability and creates an awareness of the environment. e. Nervous tissue is involved in controlling and coordinating many metabolic activities.  Nervous Tissue Epithelial Tissue Connective Tissue Muscular Tissue Nervous Tissue Neuron, the basic unit of the nervous system, consists of structures that can conduct electrochemical signals as a form of information. 46  Nervous Tissue Epithelial Tissue Connective Tissue Muscular Tissue Neurons may be classified based from their number Nervous Tissue of cellular processes. 47  Nervous Tissue Epithelial Tissue Nervous Tissues Location Function These are star- Connective Tissue shaped cells that support and control the chemical Muscular Tissue environment around CNS the neurons. Astrocytes These are the most Nervous Tissue abundant glial cell in the CNS. 48  Nervous Tissue Epithelial Tissue Nervous Tissues Location Function Connective Tissue These are ovoid cells in the CNS that can transform into a Muscular Tissue CNS phagocytic macrophage to clean neuronal Microglial cells debris and wastes. Nervous Tissue 49  Nervous Tissue Nervous Tissues Location Function Epithelial Tissue These are ciliated cells that line the Connective Tissue central cavities of the brain and the spinal cord and form Muscular Tissue CNS a fairly permeable membrane between the cavities with Ependymal cells cerebrospinal fluid Nervous Tissue and the tissues of CNS. 50  Connective Tissues Epithelial Tissue Nervous Tissues Location Function Connective Tissue These are responsible for the Muscular Tissue CNS production of the myelin sheath. Oligodendrocytes Nervous Tissue 51  Nervous Tissue Epithelial Tissue Nervous Tissues Location Function Connective Tissue They surround the Muscular Tissue PNS cell body of a neuron. Satellite cells Nervous Tissue 52  Nervous Tissue Epithelial Tissue Nervous Tissues Location Function Connective Tissue They surround all the nerve fibers and Muscular Tissue PNS produce myelin sheath similar to the oligodendrocytes. Schwann cells Nervous Tissue 53 UY! MATCH TAYO! Match the given organ to the correct tissue and function. Involuntary/ voluntary Epithelial tissue Nervous tissue movement Support/ Binding Muscle tissue of body parts Exchange of materials/ Protection/ absorption Connective tissue TROUPLE MATCH Match the given organ to the correct tissue and function. Involuntary Nervous tissue movement Binding of body Muscle tissue parts Transmission of signals Connective tissue Challenge Yourself Polar bears have a thick adipose tissue layer. What is the importance of this tissue in the survival of polar bears during the winter season? 56 A. ANIMAL TISSUES Epithelial Nervous Muscle Connective tissue tissue tissue tissue PLANT TISSUES PLANT TISSUES PLANT TISSUES based on PART/S based on TYPE OF CELLS Dermal Ground Vascular Meristematic Permanent tissue tissue tissue tissue tissue Tissue Arrangement in Monocot and Dicot 1.1. Dermal Tissue epidermal cells formed from the outermost surface of the leaves mediates most of the interactions between a plant and its environment stomata perforates the epidermis at certain places. The stomata help in loss of water and gaseous exchange. Epidermal cells secrete a waxy substance called cuticle, which coats, waterproofs, and protects the above- ground parts of plants preventing water loss, abrasions, infections, and damage from toxins. 1.1. Dermal Tissue 1.2. Ground Tissue makes up much of the interior of a plant and carries out basic metabolic functions involved in producing nutrients by photosynthesis and preserve nutrients Ground tissue in stems provides support and may store food or water. Ground tissues in roots may also store food. 1.3. Vascular Tissues transport water and dissolved substances inside the plant a. The xylem carries water and dissolved ions from the roots to stems and leaves. b. The phloem carries dissolved sugars from the leaves to all other parts of the plant. 1.3. Vascular Tissues Phloem Xylem carries carries water and dissolved dissolved ions sugars from from the roots the leaves to to stems and all other parts leaves of the plant 2. Based on type of cells 2. Based on type of cells Meristematic Tissues Permanent Tissues 1. Capable of cell division 1. Lost power of cell division 2. Undifferentiated cells 2. Differentiated cells 3. No definite form and size 3. Definite form and size 4. Dense and abundant 4. Thin layer of cytoplasm cytoplasm around vacuole (if living) 5. Always living 5. May be living or dead 2.1 Meristematic Tissues group of young cells, which consists of continually dividing cells and helps in the increase of length and width of the plant three types: a. apical meristem b. lateral meristem c. intercalary meristem 2.1 Meristematic Tissues -internodes or at the base of the leaves - growing tips or -upsurges the size of apical of stems and the internode roots -upsurges the length -radial portion of the of the plant stem or root -upsurges the thickness of the plant 2.2. Permanent Tissues 2.2.1. Simple Permanent Tissues a. Parenchyma Tissues→ They are living cells that form the basic ground tissue and store food. b. Collenchyma Tissues→ They are living cells and give mechanical support to the plant. c. Sclerenchyma Tissues→ They are dead cells and provide strong mechanical support, rigidity and flexibility to the plant. 2.2.1. Simple Permanent Tissues a. Parenchyma Tissues→ They are living cells that form the basic ground tissue and store food. b. Collenchyma Tissues→ They are living cells and give mechanical support to the plant. c. Sclerenchyma Tissues→ They are dead cells and provide strong mechanical support, rigidity and flexibility to the plant. 2.2.2. Complex Permanent Tissues Phloem carries Xylem carries dissolved sugars water and from the leaves dissolved ions to all other parts from the roots of the plant to stems and leaves consists of living cells that are consists of separated by end dead cells walls with tiny that lack end perforations, or walls between holes. adjacent cells. PLANT TISSUES PLANT TISSUES Based on part/s of plant Based on types of cell Dermal Vascular Ground Permanent Meristematic Tissue Tissue Tissue Tissue Tissue Simple Complex Apical Meristem Parenchyma Xylem Intercalary Meristem Collenchyma Phloem Lateral Meristem Sclerenchyma QUIZ