JSMJC 2024-2025 3rd Quarter Biology Past Paper PDF

JSMJC 2024- 2025 3rd Quarter - Biology Physiology of Reproductive System, Nervous System and Endocrine System Heredity and Mutation: DNA and RNA Ecosystem: Evolution and Biodiversity  JSMJC 2024- 2025...

JSMJC 2024- 2025 3rd Quarter - Biology Physiology of Reproductive System, Nervous System and Endocrine System Heredity and Mutation: DNA and RNA Ecosystem: Evolution and Biodiversity  JSMJC 2024- 2025 4 PHASES OF MENSTRUAL  JSMJC 2024- 4 PHASES OF MENSTRUAL FLOW 2025 1.Menstruation (Day 1- 5)- also known as “period” — is when blood and tissue from your uterus comes out of your vagina. It usually happens once every month.  JSMJC 2024- 4 PHASES OF MENSTRUAL FLOW 2025 2.Follicular Phase (Day 6-14) - refers to that part of your menstrual cycle when an egg matures in your  JSMJC 2024- 4 PHASES OF MENSTRUAL FLOW 2025 3.Ovulation (Day 14 only) - is the process in which a mature egg is released from the ovary. After it's released, the egg moves down the fallopian tube and stays there for 12 to 24 hours, where it can be fertilized.  JSMJC 2024- 4 PHASES OF MENSTRUAL FLOW 2025 4.Luteal Phase (Day 15-28) -prepares your uterus for pregnancy by thickening your uterine lining. A disorder involving your luteal phase can affect getting and staying pregnant.  JSMJC 2024- PREGNANCY 2025 Pregnancy occurs when a sperm fertilizes an egg (fertilization) after it’s released from the ovary during ovulation. The fertilized egg then travels down into the uterus, where implantation occurs. A successful implantation results in pregnancy.  JSMJC 2024- NERVOUS SYSTEM 2025 The nervous system is a network of neurons whose main feature is to generate, modulate and transmit information between all  JSMJC 2024- NERVOUS SYSTEM 2025 This property enables many important functions of the nervous system, such as regulation of vital body functions (heartbeat, breathing, digestion),  JSMJC 2024- NERVOUS SYSTEM 2025 Ultimately, the nervous system structures preside over everything that makes us human; our consciousness,  JSMJC 2024- Neuron or Nerve Cell 2025 This is the basic unit structure and function of the nervous system.  Central Nervous System Motor Neurons (Efferent) *Somatic & visceral sensory nerve fibers *Brain & Spinal Cord -conducts impulses from the CNS to -Integrate and control centers effectors (muscle & glands) Somatic NS *somatic motor (voluntary) -conducts impulses from the CNS to skeletal Peripheral Nervous System muscles *Cranial Nerves & Spinal Nerves -Communication lines between the CNS Autonomic NS and the body *visceral motor (involuntary) -conducts impulses from the CNS to cardiac muscle, smooth muscles and glands Sensory Neurons (Afferent) *Somatic & visceral sensory nerve fibers -conducts impulses from the receptors Sympathetic Parasympathetic to the CNS. -Mobilizes body systems during activity -Conserve energy “FIGHT or FLIGHT - “Rest & Digest System” System”  JSMJC 2024- 2025 Afferent neurons carry information from sensory receptors of the skin and other organs to the central nervous system (i.e., brain and spinal cord), whereas efferent neurons carry motor information away from the central nervous system to the muscles and glands of the body.  JSMJC 2024- Homeostasis: “Negative Feedback” 2025 This is a control system to “reduce or minimize” any changes or conditions of the body, which help the whole body system to be stable.  JSMJC 2024- 2025 HAPPY HORMONES  JSMJC 2024- HAPPY HORMONES 2025 1.DOPAMINE - “The Reward Chemical” *Dopamine is most notably involved in helping us feel pleasure as part of the brain's reward system.  JSMJC 2024- HAPPY HORMONES 2025 2. Oxytocin - “Love Hormone” *Oxytocin is a peptide hormone and neuropeptide normally produced in the hypothalamus and released by the posterior pituitary.  JSMJC 2024- HAPPY HORMONES 2025 2. Oxytocin - “Love Hormone” *Oxytocin plays a role in social bonding, reproduction, childbirth, and the period after childbirth.  JSMJC 2024- HAPPY HORMONES 2025 3. Endorphins - “The Painkiller” Endorphins are chemicals (hormones) your body releases when it feels pain or stress.  JSMJC 2024- HAPPY HORMONES 2025 3. Endorphins - “The Painkiller” They're released during pleasurable activities such as exercise, massage, eating and sex too.  JSMJC 2024- HAPPY HORMONES 2025 3. Endorphins - “The Painkiller” *Endorphins help relieve pain, reduce stress and improve your sense of well- being.  JSMJC 2024- HAPPY HORMONES 2025 4. Serotonin - “ The Mood Stabilizer ” *Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that mediated satisfaction, happiness and optimism.  JSMJC 2024- HOMEOSTASIS 2025 Homeostasis is any self- regulating process by which an organism tends to maintain stability while adjusting to conditions that are best for its survival.