3rd Quarter Biology - Reproductive & Nervous System

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Questions and Answers

Which of these options are the three main parts of the female reproductive system?

Uterus, Ovary, Vagina (correct)

Ovary, Fimbriae, Oviduct

Fimbriae, Uterus, Vulva

Endometrium, Cervix, Oviduct

What is the name of the phase of the menstrual cycle referring to the time when the egg matures?

Follicular Phase (correct)

Luteal Phase

Menstrual Phase

Ovulation Phase

What is the name of the part of a flower that produces pollen?

Stigma

Petal

Filament

Anther (correct)

The process of an egg being released from the ovary is called ______.

ovulation Signup and view all the answers

What is the name given to the process of a sperm fertilizing an egg?

Fertilization Signup and view all the answers

A successful implantation of a fertilized egg in the uterus results in pregnancy.

True Signup and view all the answers

Which of these are vital body functions?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What does the word 'neuron' refer to?

Nerve cell Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the nervous system?

To generate, transmit and modulate information between the different parts of the body Signup and view all the answers

The nervous system is responsible for regulating our breathing, heartbeat, and digestion.

True Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a part of the autonomic nervous system?

Somatic Nervous System Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between efferent neurons and afferent neurons?

Efferent neurons carry signals from the central nervous system (CNS) away to muscles and glands, while afferent neurons carry signals from sensory receptors to the CNS. Signup and view all the answers

What does 'homeostasis' refer to?

The stable state of internal balance, maintaining the body's internal environment Signup and view all the answers

Shivering is a mechanism to help cool the body.

False Signup and view all the answers

Sweating is a mechanism to help warm the body.

False Signup and view all the answers

Homeostasis is a process that helps maintain a stable internal environment, but it does not involve any feedback mechanisms.

False Signup and view all the answers

Hormones are chemicals produced by the endocrine system that regulate many body functions.

True Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is known as "The Reward Chemical"?

Dopamine Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is known as "The Love Hormone"?

Oxytocin Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is known as "The Painkiller"?

Endorphins Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is known as "The Mood Stabilizer"?

Serotonin Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of Homeostasis?

A self-regulating process by which an organism maintains its stable internal environment by adjusting to conditions best for its survival. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

3rd Quarter Biology - JSMIC 2024-2025

Topics: Physiology of Reproductive, Nervous, and Endocrine Systems; Heredity and Mutation: DNA and RNA; Ecosystem: Evolution and Biodiversity

Reproductive System

Menstrual cycle phases:
- Menstruation (Days 1-5): Blood and tissue from the uterus exit the vagina. Happens roughly once per month.
- Follicular Phase (Days 6-14): An egg matures in the ovary.
- Ovulation (Day 14): A mature egg is released from the ovary. The egg travels through the fallopian tube for fertilization.
- Luteal Phase (Days 15-28): The uterus prepares for pregnancy by thickening the lining. Issues during this phase can impact getting or staying pregnant.
- Pregnancy: A sperm fertilizes an egg (ovulation). The fertilized egg implants in the uterus, leading to pregnancy.

Nervous System

Basic unit: The nervous system is a network of neurons. Neurons form the basic unit of structure and function of the nervous system.
Function: The nervous system generates, modulates, and transmits information between all parts of the body. This enables vital functions like heartbeat, breathing, and digestion. Human consciousness is also controlled by the nervous system.
Types of neurons:
- Afferent neurons: Carry information from sensory receptors to the central nervous system (CNS – brain and spinal cord).
- Efferent neurons: Carry motor information from the CNS to muscles and glands.
Homeostasis: The nervous system plays a role in homeostasis with negative feedback loops.
Negative feedback loops (example, body temperature): The body attempts to maintain stable body temperature.

Endocrine System

Introduction: Composed of glands that release hormones into the bloodstream.
Components: Various glands (e.g., brain, thyroid, adrenal, pancreas, ovaries, testes)
Happy hormones:
- Dopamine: Involved in feeling pleasure (reward system).
- Oxytocin: "Love hormone." Plays a role in social bonding, reproduction, childbirth, and the postpartum period.
- Endorphins: "Painkillers." Released during pain or stress. These are also released during pleasurable activities such as exercise, massage, eating and sex. They help relieve pain, reduce stress, and improve well-being.
- Serotonin: Impacts mood (satisfaction, happiness, optimism).

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Description

This quiz covers vital concepts in the physiology of the reproductive and nervous systems, as well as heredity, DNA, RNA, and ecosystems. Explore the phases of the menstrual cycle and the functional units of the nervous system. Test your understanding of evolution and biodiversity in this comprehensive biology assessment.