Food Security.docx

**Food Security** Food security is a state where all people at all times have access to enough safe, nutritious food to sustain a healthy life. The three factors that contribute to food security: - Food availability means people have enough food of appropriate quality available on a consist...

**Food Security** Food security is a state where all people at all times have access to enough safe, nutritious food to sustain a healthy life. The three factors that contribute to food security: - Food availability means people have enough food of appropriate quality available on a consistent basis. People whose food availability relies solely on the production of a single crop, may find themselves at a great risk of food insecurity if that crop fails - Food accessibility means physical and economic access to food, there needs to be enough food available and it must be in reach for those who need it. Developed countries have more food that they need and high level of wastage, while many people in developing countries struggle to access enough food to meet their daily needs. - Knowledge and resources to use food appropriately. Appropriate use of food means using food safely and applying knowledge about nutrition, clean water and sanitation when preparing food. **Armed conflicts** international aid agencies such as the Red Cross and United Nations work hard to address the lack of food security in the war-torn areas, the environment can be very dangerous. Armed conflicts - War between different countries or civil war between groups within a single country. - also has the potential to affect the food security of millions of people. Transporting food and farming supplies by road in these countries is risky, with aid often being seized by fighters for their own use Distributing food aid is often complicated by difficulties in reaching war torn areas. Groups in remote areas can be difficult to locate and delivery of food aid to these places may be slow In such situations, hunger can be used as a weapon. The government can deliberately keep food away from opposition fighters and the local people who support them. **Genetically Modified Food** Benefits - pest resistance - crops ------ modified - Disease resistance - Nutrition - Cold tolerance - Drought resistance Drawbacks - long term effects - impact on the balance of the ecosystem - impacts on organisms **An interconnected world** Globalisation The increasing interconnection between countries, including economic, political, and cultural exchange between countries all over the world. Australia's place in the global marketplace changed over the last 50-60 years, as from much of the last century, most of Australia's export came from the farming sector and our major trading partner was the UK. **Global trade** Global trade means that you are now linked to manufacturers all over the world. **Benefits** Individuals - Wider range of products at cheaper prices - Online trade + more employment - You are not restricted to paying for services or buying goods made in your local area or even in your own country Businesses - Linked to buyers all around the world - Allows them to keep prices down and sales up - access to cheaper material Global trade for nations - Removes cultural barriers + sharing knowledge - Comparative advantage (specialising in a service or certain product to export) - business can increase on a small + large scale **In Australia** Individuals - employment in industries that export goods and services - retail and manufacturing that rely on imported goods and services Businesses - Linked to buyers all around the world - Allows them to keep prices down and sales up - access to cheaper material Global trade for nations - Removes cultural barriers + sharing knowledge - multiculturalism - Comparative advantage (specialising in a service or certain product to export) **Drawbacks** Individuals - cheaper labour that is available in these developing countries - though this provides employment, workers are paid much less and work in terrible conditions - Child labour - high fertility rates - poor education - lack of technology - large numbers of people of people living in poverty - lack of government policies Business - its common for manufacturing plants to outsource parts of the operations - company executives would have no idea of the factories used and if there are any unsafe work practices used - difficulty maintaining quality controls Nations - widens the gap between wealthy and poor countries - problems in one place can cause chain reactions and it can affect other places really quickly - spread of infectious diseases **Connections to places** - spiritual - factors related to a person's beliefs - Babe Shaheed - Harimandar Sahib - economic - factors related to employment and income - Uranium mine in NT - cultural - factors related to the shared characteristics of a group of people - Gurudwara - historical - factors related to past experiences and events - Harimandar Sahib **Technology influencing interconnections** The internet allows people to connect with other people in different places more quickly and easily. We use the internet for many different activities that can link us all around the world. We stay interconnected through our communications with people in different places. We use the internet to - play games - shop - plan activities - find directions - read - research - complete homework - communicate with each other We can access to news and information, because of the developments in ICT meaning that we can also access a wide range of global news and information services quickly and easily. **Definitions** - Armed conflicts War between different countries, or civil war between groups within a single country - Biome A large area of the Earth that is home to similar plant and animal communities that are adapted to that particular environment - Climate change long-term significant change in the Earth's weather, including variations in rainfall and wind patterns, regional changes, and particularly the increased average atmospheric temperature - Developed country an industrialised country with a well-developed economy capable of supporting its own people - Developing country a non-industrialised country with a lower living standard, and lower Human Development Index ranking than other countries - Food accessibility having physical and economic access to enough food that can be reached by those who need it - Food availability the state of people having enough food of appropriate quality consistently available - Food insecurity a state where not everyone has consistent access to enough safe nutritious food to sustain a healthy life; the opposite of the state of food security - Food loss the reduction in the amount of food from where it is produced to where it reaches the consumer - Food security a state where all people at all times have access to enough safe nutritious food to sustain a healthy life - Food waste food that is thrown out by a retailer or consumer - Global trade the buying and selling of goods, services, produce and capital between countries or territories across international borders - Globalisation the increasing interconnection between countries, including economic, political and cultural exchange between countries all over the world - Interconnection a key concept in geography: the relationship between all things, both animate and inanimate, and all processes, both natural and human - Malnourished lack of nutrition - Undernourished not having enough food to develop properly - Water scarcity the lack of sufficient water to supply the needs of an area