Psychology of Human Development Exam 3 Study Guide Fall 2024 PDF

DEP 3053 – 001 Psychology of Human Development Fall 2024 Study Guide – Exam 3 Chapter 11: Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence Conceptions of adolescence Puberty o Hormonal changes, growth spurts, motor de...

DEP 3053 – 001 Psychology of Human Development Fall 2024 Study Guide – Exam 3 Chapter 11: Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence Conceptions of adolescence Puberty o Hormonal changes, growth spurts, motor development, sexual maturation (primary and secondary sexual characteristics, menarche, spermarche), secular trend Adolescent brain development Eating disorders STI’s, adolescent pregnancy and parenthood Piaget’s formal operation stage o Hypothetical-deductive reasoning o Propositional thought o Implications of formal thought: adolescent egocentrism (involves imaginary audience and personal fable) Information-processing view o Scientific reasoning (and contributing factors) Factors related to dropping out and prevention strategies Chapter 12: Emotional and Social Development in Adolescence Erikson: identity vs role confusion o Exploration and commitment: (1) identity achievement, (2) identity moratorium, (3) identity foreclosure, and (4) identity diffusion Changes in self-concept and self-esteem Moral development o Kohlberg’s preconventional, conventional, and postconventional levels o Influences on moral reasoning/behavior The family and parent-adolescent relationships o autonomy Peer relationships o Cliques, crowds Effects of social media on well-being Adolescent depression, suicide and delinquency DEP 3053 – 001 Psychology of Human Development Fall 2024 Chapter 13: Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Adulthood Biological aging o Telomeres Health and Fitness o Overweight and obesity o Benefits of exercise o Basal metabolic rate (BMR) Reproductive capacity Substance abuse Changes in structure and thought o Prefrontal cognitive-control network o Postformal thought o Perry’s epistemic cognition (dualistic thinking, relativistic thinking, commitment within relativistic thinking) o Pragmatic thought and cognitive-affective complexity Expertise and creativity The college experience Vocational choice o Fantasy period, tentative period, realistic period Chapter 14: Emotional and Social Development in Early Adulthood Emerging adulthood o Identity development (explore in breadth, dual-cycle model) o Worldview (pluralistic orientation, “generation me”) o Risk and resilience Erikson’s intimacy vs isolation (successful resolution prepares individual for middle adulthood and generativity) Levinson’s seasons of life Social clock Close relationships o Childhood attachment patterns and adult romantic relationships o Sternberg’s “triangular theory of love” o Culture differences Family life cycle o Traditional vs egalitarian marriages; parenthood; cohabitation Career development DEP 3053 – 001 Psychology of Human Development Fall 2024 Chapter 15: Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Adulthood Physical changes o Presbyopia, glaucoma, presbycusis o Climacteric (midlife transition in fertility), menopause, hormone therapy Health and fitness o Gender differences; cancer; osteoporosis; hostility and health Adapting to physical challenges of midlife o Problem-centered and emotion-centered coping o Hardiness Mental abilities and information processing o Crystallized vs fluid intelligence o Declines in working memory; reduced inhibition; challenges in flexible shifting of attention o Growth in practical problem solving Adult learners: becoming a student in midlife Chapter 16: Social and Emotional Development in Middle Adulthood Erikson’s generativity vs stagnation Levinson’s view: young–old, destruction–creation, masculinity–femininity, and engagement–separation Midlife crisis Stability and change in self-concept and personality o Possible selves o “Big five” personality traits o Self-acceptance, autonomy, and environmental mastery Relationships at midlife o Feminization of poverty o Kinkeeper o Skipped generation families; sandwich generations Vocational life o Burnout o Glass ceiling