English Final Reviewer PDF

WEEK 13 TYPES OF PREPOSITION PREPOSITIONS OF TIME - specify when an event PREPOSITION - is a word that links nouns, occurs. Common examples include at, in, and on. pronouns, or phrases to oth...

WEEK 13 TYPES OF PREPOSITION PREPOSITIONS OF TIME - specify when an event PREPOSITION - is a word that links nouns, occurs. Common examples include at, in, and on. pronouns, or phrases to other words in a sentence. THE GOLDEN PREPOSITION RULE A Preposition is followed by a "noun". It is NEVER followed by a verb. PREPOSITIONS OF PLACE - describe the location of objects or people. Examples include under, between, and next to. PREPOSITIONS OF MOVEMENT - indicate the movement towards a specific location. Words like to, into, and through exemplify this category. WEEK 14 RUN-ON SENTENCE - occur when two or more independent clauses are connected improperly. SENTENCE FRAGMENTS COMMA SPLICE - It consists of two or more FRAGMENTS - are incomplete sentences. Usually, sentences separated only by commas instead of by fragments are parts of sentences that have commas and conjunctions. become disconnected from the main clause. The weather is good today, I can even see an PHRASE FRAGMENT - it is missing either a subject elephant-shaped cloud. or a verb or both and is not a complete thought. (My favorite) (The Chief of Police) (a handful) (on the floor) (this green) DEPENDENT CLAUSE FRAGMENT - it is introduced by a subordinating conjunction and needs to be paired with an independent clause (since he left) (when I answered the call) (which won the trophy) (after the party) A run-on occurs when two or more independent clauses (complete thoughts) are joined incorrectly, usually without proper punctuation or conjunctions. A fragment - It cannot stand alone as a proper sentence. Example of a run-on: "I went to the store I forgot my Example of a fragment: "Because I was tired." wallet." This sentence improperly connects two independent clauses This is a fragment because it lacks a complete thought. We without a conjunction or punctuation. don't know what happened because of the speaker’s tiredness. WEEK 15 MISPLACED MODIFIERS - modifies the wrong object in the sentence. ⚫ She wore a bicycle helmet on her head that In simple terms: was too large. ⚫ The dog barked at the mailman with a loud Misplaced Modifier: The modifier is in the voice. wrong spot, making the sentence confusing or unclear. You can fix it by moving the DANGLING MODIFIERS - is a modifier that lacks a modifier closer to the word it describes. word or group of words to modify. o Example: "She served soup to the children in bowls." (Did the children ⚫ Running down the street, the flowers were sit in bowls?) ▪ Fixed: "She served soup in beautiful. bowls to the children." ⚫ While walking through the park, the trees looked stunning. To correct dangling modifiers, first identify the Dangling Modifier: The modifier doesn’t modifier and ensure it logically and grammatically have anything to describe in the sentence, so connects to the appropriate subject in the it "dangles" without a clear subject. You sentence. You can rephrase the sentence by adding need to add or clarify what the modifier a clear subject or rearranging it to clarify what is refers to. being modified. o Example: "After eating lunch, the dishes were washed." (Who ate FAULTY PARALLELISM - occurs when elements in a lunch?) sentence that are meant to be parallel in structure ▪ Fixed: "After eating lunch, I are not presented in a consistent or similar format, washed the dishes." leading to confusion or awkwardness. Key Difference: Misplaced: The subject is there but the modifier is in the wrong place. Dangling: The subject is missing or unclear. WEEK 15 PARAPHRASING - means 'to state something written or spoken in different words, especially in a shorter and simpler form to make the meaning clearer’. SUMMARIZING - is a synthesis of the key ideas of a piece of writing, restated in your own words – i.e., paraphrased. In simple terms: Paraphrasing means rewriting something in your own words, but keeping the same amount of detail and length as the original. Summarizing means shortening something by picking out the main points and leaving out extra details. So, paraphrasing keeps the idea but says it differently, while summarizing gives a shorter version of the whole idea.