Week 13 & 14 - Prepositions and Sentence Fragments

Week 13 - Prepositions

• Prepositions link nouns, pronouns, or phrases to other words in a sentence.
• Prepositions are never followed by verbs.
• Common prepositions include: at, in, on, about, above, etc
• Prepositions of time specify when an event occurs (e.g., at 3 o'clock, in May, on Sunday).
• Prepositions of place describe the location of objects or people (e.g., under, between, next to).
• Prepositions of movement indicate the movement towards a specific location (e.g., to, into, through).
• Common compound prepositions include according to, as to, due to, etc.

Week 14 - Sentence Fragments and Run-on Sentences

• Fragments are incomplete sentences.
• Phrase fragments lack a subject or a verb, or both.
• Dependent clause fragments are introduced by subordinating conjunctions but lack an independent clause to complete the thought.
• Run-on sentences occur when two or more independent clauses are improperly connected.
• Comma splices occur when two or more independent clauses are joined only by a comma.
• To fix run-on sentences, use commas and conjunctions, or separate the clauses into separate sentences.
• To fix fragments, add a subject or verb or both to make them complete thoughts.

Week 15 - Misplaced and Dangling Modifiers

• Misplaced modifiers modify the wrong word or phrase in a sentence.
• Dangling modifiers lack a word or phrase to modify.
• To fix misplaced modifiers, move the modifier closer to the word it should modify.
• To fix dangling modifiers, add a subject or phrase that the modifier logically modifies to the sentence.
• Faulty parallelism occurs when elements in a sentence that are meant to be parallel in structure are not presented in a consistent or similar format.

Week 15 - Paraphrasing and Summarizing

• Paraphrasing means rewriting something in different words but keeping the original meaning and detail.
• Summarizing means shortening something by picking out main points and leaving out extra details.
• Paraphrasing is similar to summarizing, it expresses the main points of the original text with different words but without losing major details.
• Summarizing is more concise, expressing the main points of an original text quickly and effectively, but often leaving out some details.