EDUC-101 Reviewer 1 PDF

CHAPTER: BASIC CONCEPTS AND ISSUES ON 3. SOCIOEMOTIONAL PROCESSES HUMAN DEVELOPMENT - involve changes in the child's relationships with other people, changes in emotion, and IMPORTANT TERMS IN THE STUDY O...

CHAPTER: BASIC CONCEPTS AND ISSUES ON 3. SOCIOEMOTIONAL PROCESSES HUMAN DEVELOPMENT - involve changes in the child's relationships with other people, changes in emotion, and IMPORTANT TERMS IN THE STUDY OF changes in personality DEVELOPMENT  Parents' nurturance toward a child, a boy's aggressive attack on a peer, a girls DEVELOPMENT development of assertiveness, and an is the pattern of biological, cognitive, and adolescent’s feelings of joy after getting socioemotional changes that begins at good grades all reflect socioemotional conception and continues throughout the processes in development. lifespan. STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT GROWTH refers to physical changes that occur from 1. PRENATAL conception to maturity. Age period: conception to birth Major features: physical development AGING  It involves tremendous growth from a the deterioration of organisms (including single cell to an organism complete with human beings) that leads inevitably to brain and behavioral capabilities. death 2. INFANCY MATURATION Age period: Birth at full term to about 18 the biological unfolding of an individual months according to a plan contained in the genes. Major features: Locomotion established; rudimentary language; social attachment LEARNING  A time of extreme dependence on the process through which experience adults. brings about relatively permanent chang es  Many psychological activities are just in thoughts, feelings or behavior. beginning- language, symbolic thought, sensorimotor and social learning. ENVIRONMENT refers to all the external physical and social 3. EARLY CHILDHOOD conditions and events that can affect us, Age period: About 18 months to about 6 from crowded living quarters to stimulating years social interactions. Major features: Language well-established, sex typing; group play, ends with readiness THE PROCESSES & PERIODS IN DEVELOPMENT for schooling  A time of extreme dependence on 1. BIOLOGICAL PROCESSES adults. - involve changes in the child's body.  Develop school readiness skills and  Genetic inheritance plays a large part. spend many hours in play with peers.  Biological processes underlie the development of the brain, gains in 4. LATE CHILDHOOD/ MIDDLE & LATE height, changes in motor skills, and CHILDHOOD puberty) hormonal changes. Age period: About 6 to about 13 years Major features: Many cognitive processes 2. COGNITIVE PROCESSES become adult except in speed of operation; - involve the child's thinking, intelligence, and team play. and language.  The fundamental skills of reading, writing  Cognitive developmental processes & arithmetic are mastered. enable a growing child to memorize a poem, imagine how to solve a math problem, come up with a creative strategy, or speak meaningfully connected sentences.