DIASS-1st-quarter-Gentri-Worktext (1).pdf

GEN. TRIAS SKILL BUILDERS A Worktext in Disciplines and Ideas in Applied Social Sciences Quarter 1 MELC Week 1: Social Science, Applied Social Science, and the Counseling Discipline 1 Development Team of the Module Writer: Racquel Comandante Gil E. Garcia Joemark Vasquez Editors: Reviewers: Name Illustrator: Name Layout Artist: Name Management Team: SDS Name of CID Chief Name of Division EPS for Subject Area Name of Division ADM Coordinator 2 GEAR UP This work text was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you master the Disciplines in the Applied Social Sciences. You can use this in many different learning situations. The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them can be changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using. This is divided into two lessons, namely: Lesson 1 – Social sciences and applied social sciences Lesson 2 – Discipline of counseling After going through this work text, you are expected to: 1. State the relationship and differences between social sciences and applied social sciences (HUMSS_DIASS 12-Ia-1). 2. Identify the goals, and scope of counseling (HUMSS_DIASS 12-Ia-2). 3. Explain the principles of counseling (HUMSS_DIASS 12-Ib-5). 4. Reflect on how counseling empowers youth in certain aspects of life. 3 PRE-TEST Choose the letter of the best answer. Write your answers in an intermediate paper. 1. Jun-jun have several failed subjects because he spends so much time in playing games in the internet. If you are his Counselor, which of the goals of counseling do you think suits Jun-jun‘s case? a. Behavior Change c. Promote Decision making b. Enhancing coping skills d. Improving relationship 2. Rhea is an honor student who passed the UP College Admission Test. She consulted the Guidance Counselor because she has doubts in studying in the said University. If you are her Counselor, which of the goals of counseling do you think suits Rhea‘s case? a. Behavior Change c. Promote Decision making b. Enhancing coping skills d. Improving relationship 3. Gloria is a newly transferred student. She had a hard time adjusting to her new environment, classmates, and school rules. If you are her Counselor, which of the goals of counseling do you think suits Gloria‘s case? a. Behavior Change c. Promote Decision making b. Enhancing coping skills d. Improving relationship 4. Mr. Lim, a store manager, had problems with his staff because of his lack of social skills. If you will counsel Mr. Lim, which goal of counseling is best suited in this case? a. Behavior Change c. Promote Decision making b. Enhancing coping skills d. Improving relationship 5. Rico is not performing well now in Grade 12 despite being an honor student in Grade 11. If the problem is not from the environment or external reasons, which goal of counseling is best suited in this case? a. Behavior Change c. Facilitate client‘s potential b. Enhancing coping skills d. Improving relationship 4 6. An applied social science that provides guidance, help, and support to individuals who are distraught by diverse set of problems in their lives. a. Counseling c. Social Work b. Journalism d. communication 7. An applied social science that promotes social change and development, social cohesion, empowerment and liberation of people. a. Counseling c. Communication b. Journalism d. Social work 8. Which of the following IS NOT an area of specialization of counseling? a. Daycare services c. Individual Counseling b. Family Counseling d. Marital and premarital counseling 9. An applied social science that focuses on contacts and bonds between people, both in private and public contexts a. Counseling c. Journalism b. Communication d. Social work 10. Counselors are not to impose their values views, or decisions to clients. This ethical principle depicts _____________. a. Justice c. Autonomy b. Fidelity d. Beneficence 11. The Counselor informed the parents of her client that her counselee is threatening to harm himself. Which ethical principle was depicted? a. Fidelity c. Beneficence b. Justice d. Autonomy 12. Rodrigo, a Counselor, did not give career advised to a client and instead referred the counselee to a Counselor whose expertise fits the need of the client. Which ethical principle was depicted? a. Justice c. Autonomy b. Fidelity d. Confidentiality 13. Do not share information about clients to just anyone. This is an ethical principle of __________. a. Justice c. Non maleficence b. Fidelity d. Confidentiality 14. During a public forum about tourism, a social worker appealed to Tourism officials to have precaution in letting tourist to camp near the community of indigenous people as visitors leave waste and sometimes disrespect the culture of the locals. Which principle of counseling did the social worker show? a. Beneficence c. Non maleficence b. Fidelity d. Justice 5 15. Rosa, a Counselor, does not believe in same sex marriage because of religious reason. Despite such, she does not express her personal belief in the matter when she gives counseling services to LGBT community. Which ethical principle does Rosa portrays? a. Beneficence c. Non maleficence b. Fidelity d. Justice Before we proceed, let us go back with some of the important concepts about applied social science which is the main focus of our discussion. Activity 1: Place check mark (  ) on the before the chapter column if you agree with the statement, and cross ( X ) if you do not agree, then place a check mark (  ) on the after chapter study if you agree with the statement and cross mark ( X ) if you do not agree. Write your answers in a bond paper (type writing paper). Before the chapter Statements After the chapter study study Social Science is the study of society and the manner in which people behave and affect the world Social Science are only applicable in the academe and not in the workplace Applied social scientist use and borrow different concepts, theoretical models and theories from social science and disciplines, Guidance counseling is a profession that helps address a person‘s specific projects, business success, general conditions and transitions in life, relationships or profession. Applied social sciences provide good theoretical and conceptual foundations for social work practice. 6 Activity 2: Compare and Contrast Graphic Organizer Social Science Applied Social Science How are they alike? How do they differ? ____________________________ ____________________________ ____________________________ ____________________________ ____________________________ ____________________________ ____________________________ ____________________________ ____________________________ ____________________________ ENGAGE Data Retrieval Chart Completion Complete the sate retrieval chart. Classify the following disciplines and categorize them if they belong to the Social Sciences or to the Applied Social Sciences. Write your answers in a bond paper (type writing paper). Compare and Contrast with Bubble Map Disciplines to be categorized: Economic History Counseling Social Work Geography Anthropology Psychology Political Science 7 Sociology Communication Demography Applied Social Social Science Science Process Question 1. What are the disciplines under applied social sciences? 2. What are the disciplines under pure social sciences? 3. How they differ from one another? Activity 2: An Encounter with the Guidance Counselor Objectives: This activity aims to collect your thoughts and feelings related with your experiences in meeting with your guidance counselor. It serves as an opportunity to express how you feel about your ―guidance experiences.‖ Instructions: Write your answers in a bond paper (type writing paper). 1. Recall you best ―guidance experience.‖ Identify the different thoughts and emotions that were triggered by this experience. 8 2. Draw any symbols that would best illustrate the thoughts ang feelings you had during your best ―guidance experience‖ on a piece of paper. Work silently and finish the task in 15 minutes. 3. After the allotted time, Discuss the following: a. What are your thoughts about the activity? How do you feel about it? b. What symbols, figures, or drawings best illustrate your thoughts and feelings about your best experience in meeting with your guidance counselor? Why? c. In what way(s) had your guidance counselor helped you in dealing with your problem? d. What do you like most about your guidance counselor? NURTURE In this part of your journey, we provide something for you to read to deepen your understanding about the topic. Social Sciences 9 Social Science is fluid and may pertain to any field of inquiry that is outside the realm of the natural sciences, or what others refer to as the ―hard sciences.‖ The latter sees to explain the occurrence of natural phenomena and includes physics, chemistry, and geology, to name a few. As a body of scientific knowledge, social sciences provide diverse set of lens that helps us understand and explain the different facets of human society. The varieties of lens that social sciences study refer to the different fields of the social sciences that investigate human society. The disciplines of the social sciences and social science theory enable us to answer the most pressing human concerns that we are facing. Branches of the Social Sciences a. Economics - studies the allocation of scarce resources and the production and exchange of goods and services in society. b. Anthropology – is the specific study of human and their culture in the past and present time. c. History – is systematic study of human past events in order to understand the meaning, dynamics and relationship of the cause and effects of events in the development of societies. d. Political Science – primarily studies human behavior in relation to political systems, governments, laws, and international relations. e. Psychology – studies how the human minds works in consonance with the body to produce thoughts that lead to individual actions. f. Sociology – a systematic study of people‘s behavior in groups g. Geography – is a study of interaction between people and their environments. h. Demography – is the scientific study of human populations across time. Applied Social Sciences This is a branch of study that applies the different concepts, theoretical models and theories of the social science disciplines to help understand society and the different problems and issues.  Counseling provides guidance, help, and support to individuals who are distraught by a diverse set of problems in their lives.  Social Work a practice-based profession and an academic discipline that promotes social change and development, social cohesion, and the empowerment and liberation of people. Principles of social justice, human rights, collective responsibility and respect for diversities are central to social work (ifsw.org n.d.). 10  Communication as a discipline examines communication between people. It focuses on contacts and bonds between people, both in private and public contexts, and both face-to-face and mediated through various communication technologies (University of Jyväskylä 2018). The Discipline of Counseling Counseling is basically an art and a science where in you endeavor to weigh the objectives and subjective facets of the counseling process. It focuses on the assistance of individuals of all ages in all stages of development. Counseling promotes personal growth of clientele and anticipates problems for prevention. In practical terms, counseling happens when a person who is distressed asks for help and permit another person to enter into a kind of connection with him/her. It is indicative with formal of someone in search of counseling requests for time and attention from person who will listen, who will allow him/her to speak and who will not condemn and criticize him/her. Based on R.A 9258 or more popularly known as the Guidance and Counseling Act of 2004, guidance and counseling is “the profession that involves the use of an integrated approach to the development of a well-functioning individual primarily by helping him/her to utilize his/her potentials to the fullest and plan/his/her present and future in accordance with his/her abilities, interests and needs.” The Goals of Counseling Different individuals have different perceptions of what can be expected of counseling. The final designation of these goals is to be determined by the counselor and the client as a team. Below are the list of common counseling goals and the five most commonly named goals of counseling: List of Common Counseling Goals 1. Developmental Goals – assist in meeting or advancing the clients human growth and development including cognitive, and physical wellness. 2. Preventive Goals – helps the clients avoid some undesired outcome. 3. Enhancement Goal – enhance special skills and abilities 4. Remedial Goals – assisting a client to overcome and treat an undesirable development. 5. Exploratory Goals - examining options, testing of skills, trying new and different activities. 6. Reinforcement Goals – helps client in recognizing, that what they are doing, thinking and feeling is fine. 7. Cognitive Goals – involves acquiring the basic foundation of learning and cognitive skills. 11 8. Physiological Goals – involves acquiring the basic understanding and habits for good health 9. Psychological Goals – aids in developing good social interaction skills, and learning emotional control. Five Major Goals of Counseling (Cauyan, Brillon, and Quilicol, 2017) 1. Facilitating behavior change - this change in behavior aims to have clients ―live more productive and satisfying lives.‖ 2. Improving the client‘s ability to establish and maintain relationships - this goal helps clients overcome difficulties in their interpersonal relationships and improve how they relate with the people around them. 3. Enhancing the client‘s effectiveness and ability to cope - this goal helps clients learn how to cope and adapt to change. 4. Promoting the decisions-making process - Clients are guided in identifying options and their respective consequences to help them make informed decisions. 5. Facilitating client potential and development - this goal helps clients discover what they are capable of doing and to actualize it. The Scope of Counseling Counseling deals with a countless of humans concerns and inquiries. These are the following classifications of problems and reasons why clients need to consult counselors: a. Academic Difficulties which includes the student‘s difficulties in accomplishing various requirements like meeting the standards of education, adjusting to teaching methods used, handling academic pressures, maintaining good grades, managing time, learning how to focus and ensuring effective study skills. b. Personal concerns these include clients who have difficulty in planning and setting life goals, how to handle stress, maintain motivation, know priorities and how to solve problems c. Social concerns these are difficulties encountered by clients in relating with others such as dealing with rejections, handling peer pressure, coping with the challenges of romantic relationship, and bullying. d. Emotional difficulties emotion related problems encountered by the client which includes anxiety, nervousness, and heartaches; coping with loneliness due to homesickness and rejection; managing negative emotions, such as depression, anger and fear; attaining emotional stability. e. Psychological challenges these includes handling persistent suicidal behaviors, managing some forms of addiction, such as smoking, drinking and 12 computer gaming; dealing with eating and sleeping problems; understanding one‘s identity and handling painful experiences. f. Family problems these usually involves broken family, absence of parents due to work abroad, single parenting, infidelity, hostile parenting, favoritism in family, early pregnancy and unpleasant home environment. g. Career-related concerns these difficulties can be addressed by identifying the clients‘ strength, interest and personal traits and matching them with career choices; identifying unclear career goals and lack of career plans. Principles of Counseling According to dictionary.com (2020), a principle is a ―specific basis of conduct or management." In this regard, the American Counseling Association (2020) stated that principles of counseling ―serve as the foundation of the guidelines, (and)often helps to clarify the issues involved in a given situation.‖ Forester-Miller and Davis (2020), elaborated the 5 principles of counselling as shown below that are ―vital in and of themselves to a healthy counseling relationship.‖ 1. Autonomy is about the freedom of clients to choose their own direction. Counselors should respect their ability to make choices free from the constraints of others (Welfel, 1998; Corey, Corey and Callanan, 2007). 2. Non-Maleficence means not inflicting harm. Counselor should avoid utilizing interventions that could harm clients (Welfel, 1998; Corey et al., 2007). 3. Beneficence is defined as doing good and contribute to the welfare of the client (Forester-Miller and Davis 1996). The Counselor is expected to do the best for the client and if unable to assist, to offer alternatives as appropriate. 4. Justice means to act in a fair or just manner. It is expected that Counselors will act in a non-discriminatory manner to individuals or groups. 5. Fidelity implies faithfulness or honoring commitments. Counselors should be honest in all dealings with clients (Cauyan et. al., 2017). 6. Collaboration clients have equal participation in the process of therapy and must understand their treatment plan. 7. Confidentiality d o not share information about clients. Exceptions to confidentiality are rare and specifically mandated by law only when there is imminent danger to the individual and or community. In such cases, the release of information is strictly for appropriate individuals or authorities (Code of Ethics of Philippine Psychological Association, p. 12). 8. Non-judgmental do not criticize or comment negatively regarding patient‘s complaints. 9. Non-emotional involvement means not getting emotionally involved with the client and avoids getting carried away with his feelings. 13 Activity 1: #I Need Help, Where Will I Go? Instruction: Write your answers in a bond paper (type writing paper). If something is bothering you about academics, relationships, family, identity, and financial concerns, with whom do you share your problem? Will you pursue formal help or non-formal help? Why or Why not? Explain your answer in your notebook. Open Notes Name: _______________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ Activity 2: Crossword Puzzle Using the clues below, identify the goals of counseling. Write your answers in a bond paper (type writing paper). A D E V E L O P M E N T A L A A B A S D F G H J K L Q W E R T Y D S D F G H J P X C V B N M Z Z E R E I N F O R C E M E N T H J E A S D F G H E Q W E R T Y U I T A S D F G H V Q W E R T Y U I Y D F G H J K E E R T Y U I O P S D F G H J J N Z X C V B M G D E X P L O R A T O R Y S D R D D O Z X C V B N I N M L K J H G F I R A S D F G V H J K L Q W E R O E N H A N C E M E N T E W Q T U M Q A Z X S E R T Y U I G J K T E E P S Y C H O L O G I C A L G D R S C O G N I T I V E D F G F I Q W E R T Y U I O P A S F Z 14 G A H J K L A S W R T Y I O G Z S L A S F G H J K L Q W F D Z X A P S Y S I O L O G I C A L A A Clues: 1. Assist in meeting or advancing the clients human growth and development including cognitive and physical wellness. 2. Helps the clients avoid some undesired outcome. 3. Enhance special skills and abilities 4. Assisting a client to overcome and treat an undesirable development. 5. Examining options, testing of skills, trying new and different activities. 6. Helps client in recognizing, that what they are doing, thinking and feeling is fine. 7. Involves acquiring the basic foundation of learning and cognitive skills. 8. Involves acquiring the basic understanding and habits for good health 9. Aids in developing good social interaction skills, and learning emotional control Activity 3: Find my pair Identify the relationship or association of concepts and terms about Principles of Counseling. Match the premises in Column A with the responses in Column B. Write the letters in a bond paper (type writing paper).. Column A Column B 1. Do not share information about clients. a. Autonomy 2. Do not get emotionally involved with the client b. Non-judgmental and avoid getting carried away with his feelings. 3. Freedom of clients to choose their own direction. c. Sensitivity to difference 4. Do not criticize or comment negatively regarding d. Collaboration patient‘s complaints. 5. Avoid utilizing interventions that could harm e. Beneficence clients. 6. Clients have equal participation in the f. Confidentiality process of therapy and must understand g. Principles their treatment plan. 7. Responsibility to do good and contribute to i. Non-emotional involvement the welfare of the client 8. Counselors will act in a non-discriminatory j. Justice 15 manner to individuals or groups. k. Nonmaleficence 9. The interest of the client is the priority. 10. Foundation of counseling guidelines REINFORCE To sum up what you have learned. Complete this KWL chart in your notebook. Write your answers in a bond paper (type writing paper). What I know about Counseling _______________________________________ _______________________________________ _______________________________________ What I want to remember about Counseling ________________________________________ ________________________________________________ ________________________________ 16 What I learned about Counseling _______________________________________________ _______________________________ INTEGRATE #In What Way Will Counseling Empower Me? Instruction: Write your answers in a bond paper (type writing paper). An American basketball coach contends that: ―counseling aims to empower the client by helping him/her make critical decisions in life, develop ability to cope, enhance effectiveness, and improve quality of life.‖ Reflect on the above statement by answering the following: 1. As a millennial and a Filipino youth, what do you think about the statement? _____________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________. 2. How will counseling empower you in the following aspects of your life which are currently experiencing challenges? 2.a Your physical attributes & capacity 2.b Your manner of in the midst of health living when some crisis neglect right conduct ______________________ _____________________ ______________________ _____________________ ______________________ 17 _____________________ 2.c Your commitment to abide as a citizen where some authorities are not performing well ________________________ ________________________ ________________________ ASSESS Choose the letter of the best answer. Write your chosen letter in an intermediate paper 1. Rico is not performing well now as Grade 12 student despite being an honor student in Grade 11. If the problem is not from the environment or external reasons, which goal of counseling is best suited in this case? a. Behavior Change c. Facilitate client‘s potential b. Enhancing coping skills d. Improving relationship 2. Gloria is a newly transferred student. She had a hard time adjusting to her new environment, classmates, and school rules. If you are her Counselor, which of the goals of counseling do you think suits Gloria‘s case? a. Behavior Change c. Promote Decision making b. Enhancing coping skills d. Improving relationship 3. Mr. Lim, a store manager and a self-oriented person has difficulty in managing his employees because of tardiness and unsociable. If you are the counselor which is the best goal of counseling will you used in case of Mr. Lim? a. Behavior Change c. Promote Decision making b. Enhancing coping skills d. Improving relationship 18 4. Jun-jun have several failed subjects because he spends so much time in playing games in the internet. Which of the goals of counseling suits the case of Jun-jun? a. Behavior Change c. Promote Decision making b. Enhancing coping skills d. Improving relationship 5. Rhea is an honor student who passed the UP College Admission Test. She consulted the Guidance Counselor because she has doubts in studying in the said University. If you are her Counselor, which of the goals of counseling do you think suits Rhea‘s case? a. Behavior Change c. Promote Decision making b. Enhancing coping skills d. Improving relationship 6. Which of the following IS NOT an area of specialization of counseling? a. Family Counseling c. Individual Counseling b. Daycare services d. Marital and premarital counseling For numbers 7-10, identify the areas of concern in counseling. Choose the letter of the correct answer. a. Academic c. Family b. Career d. Social 7. This involves unclear career goals, lack of career plans, preparation for job applications and attainment of job satisfaction. 8. This area of concern includes the students‘ difficulties in accomplishing various school requirements and meeting the standards of education. 9. This includes concerns related to the person‘s ability to deal with rejection, handle peer pressure, cope with the challenges of romantic relationships, and bullying. 10. This concerns separation of parents, absence of parents due to work abroad, single parenting, infidelity of parents, hostile parenting and favoritism in the family. 11. Do not share information about clients to just anyone. This is an ethical principle of __________. a. Justice c. Non maleficence b. Fidelity d. Confidentiality 12. Rosa, a Counselor, does not believe in same sex marriage because of religious reason. Despite such, she does not express her personal belief in the matter when she gives counseling services to LGBT community. Which ethical principle does Rosa portrays? a. Beneficence c. Non maleficence b. Fidelity d. Justice 13. During a public forum about tourism, a social worker appealed to Tourism officials to have precaution in letting tourist to camp near the community of indigenous people 19 SHARPEN for income generation of the natives as visitors leave waste and sometimes disrespect the culture of the locals. Which principle of counseling did the social worker show? a. Beneficence c. Nonmaleficence b. Fidelity d. Justice 14. Rodrigo, a Counselor, did not give career advised to a client and instead referred the counselee to a Counselor whose expertise fits the need of the client. Which ethical principle was depicted? a. Justice c. Autonomy b. Fidelity d. Confidentiality 15. The Counselor informed the parents of her client that her counselee is threatening to harm himself. Which ethical principle was depicted? a. Fidelity c. Beneficence b. Justice d. Autonomy Agree or Disagree Matrix The following statements enable you to reflect on or figure out your level of understanding about counseling. You are required to Agree or Disagree with each of the following statements. Put check on the agree column if you agree or cross to disagree column if you disagree. Instruction: Write your answers in a bond paper (type writing paper). AGREE STATEMENTS DISAGREE Counseling as an art is the subjective dimension of counseling. It acclaims a 20 flexible and creative process whereby the counselor modifies the approach to meet the developing needs of clients. Remedial goals refer to assisting a client to overcome and treat an undesirable development Counseling happens when a person who is distressed asks and permits another person to enter into a particular kind of connection with him or her. The way we perceive or view things, people, events and our environment, is influenced by our values. Counselors treat with confidence personal information about clients, whether obtained directly or indirectly by inference. In view of the theory of utilitarianism in relation to beneficence, the application of utilitarianism would be to apply an ethical decision in the light of costs and benefits for each participant. Marriage and family counseling refers to the efforts to establish an encouraging relationship with a couple or family and appreciate the complications in the family system. References Cauyan, Jaclyn Marie L., Cherish Aileen A. Brillon, and Rosalie T. Quilicol. Disciplines and Ideas in Applied Social Sciences. Quezon City, Philippines: Vibal Group, Inc., 2017. Code Of Ethics For Philippine Psychologists Psychological Association Of The Philippines Scientific And Professional Ethics Committee.‖ 2008. Accessed July 14, 2020 https://www.pap.org.ph/sites/ default/ files/code_of_ethics_pdf 21 Communication.‖ Humanistis-yhteiskuntatieteellinen tiedekunta. University of Jyväskylä, October 22, 2018. https://www.jyu.fi/hytk/fi/laitokset/ kivi/en/our- department/disciplines/communication. Counseling: Meaning, Techniques, and Principles.‖ Your Article Library, June 2, 2016. Accessed July 13, 2020 https://www.your articlelibrary.com/psychology /counselling/counselling-meaning-techniques-and-principles /83976. Cleofe, Myreen P. (2016) ―The Nature and Scope of Counseling‖ Discipline and Ideas in the Applied Social Science Diwa Textbooks pages 9-11 Frankel, M., Kohnke, L., Buonanno, D., and Tourangeau, R. (1981). ―High School and Beyond: A National Longitudinal Study for the 10980‘s‖. Sample Design, Chicago: National Opinion Research Center. Fitch, T. J., Newby, E., and Ballestero, V. (2002). Future School Administrators? Perceptions of the School Counselor‘s Role. Counselor Education and Supervision, 41(2): pages 88-99 Forester-Miller, Holly, and Thomas Davis. n.d. ―Practitioner‘s Guide to Ethical Decision Making.‖ Accessed July 13, 2020. https://www.counseling.org /docs/default-source/ethics/ International Federation of Social Workers. ―What Is Social Work?‖ Accessed August 9, 2020. https://www.ifsw.org/what-is-social-work/global-definition-of-social- work/. 6 Moral Principles In Counseling Flashcards | Quizlet. Accessed July 13, 2020 https://quizlet.com/127821836/6-moral-principles-in-counseling flash-cards/> Tisuela, Bel Patrice ―Discipline and Ideas in the Applied Social Science‖ Academia.Edu Accessed July 10, 2020 www.academia.com U.S. Department of Education.com Carl D. Perkins ―Vocational and Technical Education Act of 1998‖ Accessed July 14, 2020. www.ed.gov/offoces/OVAE /CTE/legis. GEN. TRIAS SKILL BUILDERS A Worktext in 22 Disciplines and Ideas in Applied Social Sciences Quarter 1 Week 2: Roles, Functions and Specific Work of Counselors Development Team of the Module Writer: Gil E. Garcia Editors: Reviewers: Name Illustrator: Name Layout Artist: Name Management Team: SDS Name of CID Chief 23 Name of Division EPS for Subject Area Name of Division ADM Coordinator GEAR UP This work text was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you master the Disciplines in the Applied Social Sciences. You can use in many different learning situations. The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them 24 can be changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using. It is divided into two lessons, namely: Lesson 1 – Roles and Functions of Counselors Lesson 2 – Specific work areas in which counselors work After going through this work text, you are expected to:  discuss roles and functions of counselors (HUMSS_DIASS 12-Ic-6) ; and  identify specific work areas in which counselors work (HUMSS_DIASS 12- Ic-7)  empathize with Counselors‘ experiences in specific work circumstances. PRE-TEST To start with, let us see how much you already know about this lesson. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write your answers on an intermediate paper. ______1. It is a group activity with primary purpose to assist an individual in the group to solve his problems and make adjustments. 25 A. Individual Counseling C. Group Counseling B. Individual Assessment D. Career Assistance ______2. It is the process of helping a client through a third party or helping system to improve its service to its clientele. A. Consultation B. Referral C. Follow-Up D. Research ______3. Seeks to identify the characteristics and potential of every client ; promotes the client‘s self-understanding and assisting counselors to understand the client better. A. Individual Counseling C. Group Counseling & guidance B. Prevention D. Individual Assessment ______4. Counselors are called on to provide career planning and adjustment assistance to clients. A. Consultation C. Program Evaluation B. Career Assistance D. Research ______5. In this setting, counselors decide to work full time as freelance practitioners or engage in part-time work with institutions needing their expertise. A. Public B. Private C. Community D. Legal ______6. It is the collection of information in order to identify, analyze, evaluate, and address the problems, issues, and circumstances of clients in the counseling relationship. A. Individual Assessment C. Consultation B. Individual Counseling D. Referral ______7. It is the practice of helping clients to find expert assistance that the counselor cannot provide. A. Prevention B. Follow Up C. Referral D. Consultation ______8. It is a setting where counselors work in public schools, public hospitals, public social welfare agencies such that for the youth, children and the aging. A. Legal B. Community C. Private D. Government ______9. This setting refers to employment in mental health agencies, employment and rehabilitation agencies, correctional, settings and marriage family practice. A. Legal B. Community C. Private D. Government ______10. It is necessary to advance the profession of counseling; it can provide empirically-based data relevant to the ultimate goal of implementing effective 26 counseling. A. Research C. Group Counseling B. Evaluation D. Placement and Follow-Up ______11. Ms Lyanna is the newly hired counselor. In her first day, she collected, analyzed information and addressed the problems, issues, and circumstances of her client. What role/function of the counselor was described? A. Consultation C. Research B. Referral D. Individual assessment ______12. The counselor explained to a student who has a feeling of being rejected that she had no control over what other people say or do. But she can control how she responds. During the discussion they have come up with ideas on how to handle the situation and overcome bullying. What role/function of the counselor was described? A. Consultation C. Research B. Referral D. Individual counseling ______13. Mr Angeles had been experiencing depression and anxiety. He was advised by his company to go to a psychologist. What role/function of the counselor was described? A. Consultation C. Research B. Referral D. Individual assessment ______14. You and your counselor agreed that you need to see first Mr. Cruz, the specialist for eating disorder, before starting your session. What role/function of the counselor was described? A. Consultation C. Research B. Referral D. Individual counseling ______15. The Counselor spearheaded a community profiling by conducting a survey to understand the needs and develop an action plan in order to improve the lives of the community. What role/function of the counselor was described? A. Consultation C. Research B. Referral D. Individual assessment #based on Counselor’s principle 27 Choose the principles of counseling that matches the function of a Counselor. Write the letters only in a bond paper (type writing paper). Ethical Principles of Actual function of the counselor Counseling (letters only) 1. A Counselor admitted that the case of the client is beyond his expertise and so he referred the counselee to a more capable counselor 2. A counselor explains the counseling process, risks, and possible effects and make sure that the client agrees to them before the start of the process. 3. The Counselor initiated a written agreement between a battered wife and his husband. It stated that in case of a recurrence of domestic violence, the man will be imprisoned and the wife will file charges accordingly. 4. In dealing with a cyber-bullying case between students, a guidance counselor will not always agree or believe a student just because he/she has higher class standing than others. 5. A counselor will not extend the number of therapy sessions for financial gain. Choose the letter of the correct answer from the following: A. Justice B. Beneficence C. Fidelity D. Confidentiality E. Autonomy F. Nonmaleficence 28 ENGAGE The global crisis brought by COVID 19 had devastated all walks of life. In connection to this, “Heal the World”, a song that was released in 1992 embodies the resilience and unity of humankind amidst their struggle for survival. Enjoy the singing of its lyrics as provided below.. Counselors can also be considered as workers fighting against COVID 19. Below are the 4 different settings in which Counselors work. Identify the specific work of counselors that alleviate the effects of COVID 19 in 4 work areas. Write the letters in a bond paper (type writing paper) to indicate the appropriate job. 10 2. 1 3.. 4 29 NURTURE Here are some of the roles/functions of counselors. Roles/ Function Description Individual Seeks to identify the characteristics and potential of every Assessment client. Promotes the clients self-understanding and assisting counselors to understand the client better. It involves collection of information in order to identify, analyze, evaluate, and address the problems, issues, and circumstances of clients in the counseling relationship (pearsonhighered.com 2020) Individual Is a type of counseling focused on the individual's immediate or near future concerns. Individual counseling Counseling is a one-on-one discussion between the counselor and the client, who is the person seeking treatment. The two form an alliance, relationship or bond that enables trust and personal growth (Study.com 2020) Group counseling Any group activity in which the primary purpose is to and Guidance assist individual in the group to solve his problems and make adjustments. Counselor provides assistance through group counseling and group guidance. Career Assistance Counselors are called on to provide career planning and adjustment assistance to client. Counselors are A service of school counseling programs with emphasis on called on to educational placement in course and program provide career planning and assistance Referral It is the practice of helping clients find needed expert assistance that the referring counselor cannot provide 30 Consultation A counselor can be a consultant when he either observes or acts as an expert to provide advice. This happens when a counselor assists another professional or an organization with a problem. Thus, counseling consultation is said to be triadic which means that there are three parties (sometimes groups) involved: a consultant, a consultee, and a client. (Study.com 2020) Research It is necessary to advance the profession of counseling: it can provide empirically based data relevant to the ultimate gal of implementing effective counseling Program Collect and analyze quantitative and qualitative data to Evaluation measure and determine program effectiveness and efficiency.. Secondary Early detection or remediation of a problem, Prevention preventing it from continuing and getting worse. Let's discuss some of the different settings in which people in this profession work. 1. Private practice—This is a popular choice among counseling professionals. In a private practice, the professional would hold appointment-based counseling sessions. They could specialize in many different fields, such as family therapy, substance abuse counseling, or individual psychotherapy. 2. Community settings -This setting refers to employment in community, agency, and other non-school professional situations. Counsellors can be found in the community and mental health agencies, employment and rehabilitation agencies, correctional, settings and marriage family practice. 3. Government Setting- Counselors are also present in various agencies of government or institutions supported by the government that are into social welfare, health, and education. Relevant agencies or institutions include public schools, public hospitals, public social welfare agencies such that for the youth, children and the aging 4. Legal System— another setting for these professionals is the legal system, where they may consult or work within the prison system. You could see these professionals providing expert opinions at a trial, working to rehabilitate an inmate so they can integrate back into society, or helping an inmate adjust to incarceration. 31 TEST Activity 1 : #That’s my Duty ! Identification. Direction : Identify the role/function of the counselor that is being described. Choose the answer inside the box. Write the letters in a bond paper (type writing paper). A. Individual Assessment D. Individual Counseling G. Career Assistance B. Research E. Program Evaluation H. Group Counseling C. Referral F. Consultation I. Prevention ______1. You are provided by the counselor with career choices, and guided you to select the best suited profession to your personality and potentials. ______2. The counselor conducted a face to face session to people who had a similar life experience and problem. He allows them to share their feelings and benefit from support coming from people with same experiences. ______3. The counselor discussed with teachers additional problem-solving strategies and communication skills that resulted in improved sharing of feelings and giving and receiving feedback for organizational development. ______4. Based on the counselor‘s observation, Jim sometimes misinterprets other‘s behaviors and intent. Thus, the student was given cognitive behavioral training to help him socialize with others and handle his insecurities. The Counselor then elaborated to Jim some new responses in dealing with angry feelings. ______5. The Guidance Counselor disseminated the survey questionnaires for students and teachers to determine the significance of the Anti-Bullying Campaign of Luis Y. Ferrer Jr. Senior High School. ______6. The school counselor have observed during the class session of a student who was complained of having disruptive behavior to see what the disruptive behavior looks like, what precedes the behavior, and what if any reaction the student receive from exhibiting the behavior. ______7. In the performance of this function, the counselor needs to be knowledgeable about various handicaps as they affect a student's school life. An understanding of the general characteristics of each student helps the counselor in being sensitive to students‘ needs that call for a wide variety of service. 32 Activity 2 :# Where’s My Place? Direction : Identify where the following counselor works. Choose the answer inside the box. Write the letters in a bond paper (type writing paper). A. Government B. Community C. Legal D. Private ______8. Amber is hired at localized mental health facility to assist a local population, interact with Brgy. leaders, and bridge the gap between support services found in surrounding areas. ______9. A newly graduated counselor was hired at a psychological wellness clinic where one-on-one counseling sessions were held to help people take care of their way of life. ______10. He develops a plan of action to assist inmates achieve rehabilitation goals, and prepare them for transitioning back into society after being released from prison. ______11. Karen works at the provincial hospital. She wants to help disabled patients adapt to living with a disability by developing treatment plans to increase independence and coordinate medical care and access to resources. ______12. Ely works with individuals within their municipality to develop their job- search skills and assist them in locating and applying for jobs. ______13. Counselors work with companies to offer help to employees who are dealing with stressful life changes, mental health concerns or substance abuse problems. ______14. Mrs. Villanueva often works with teachers and parents to evaluate a student's strengths and weaknesses, as well as identify any special needs. ______15. As a marriage counselor, Mr. Reyes helps couples who are experiencing marital issues that need to be resolved. 33 Activity 3: #Online Counselor Write your answers in a bond paper (type writing paper). 34 REINFORCE Instruction: Write your answers in a bond paper (type writing paper). 35 INTEGRATE #Who wants to be a Counselor? Direction: Answer the following questions. Write your answers in a bond paper (type writing paper). 1. If you are given a chance to be a counselor, are you going to accept it? Why or Why not? ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ 2. If given a chance to be a counselor, in what work setting would you want to be? Why do you want to be in that work setting? ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ———————————————————————————————— ———————————————————————————————— 3. If you are a counselor, what role will you apply in the following situations during this Covid-19 pandemic? Explain your answer. A. Covid-19 Victims ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ B. Covid-19 Survivors _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ 36 ASSESS Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter in an intermediate paper. ______1. This setting refers to employment in mental health agencies, employment and rehabilitation agencies, correctional, settings and marriage family practice. A. Legal B. Community C. Private D. Government _____2. It is necessary to advance the profession of counseling; it can provide empirically based data relevant to the ultimate goal of implementing effective counseling. A. Research C. Group Counseling B. Evaluation D. Placement and Follow-Up ______3. Ms Lyanna is the newly hired counselor. In her first day, she collected analyzed information and addressed the problems, issues, and circumstances of her client. What role/function of the counselor was described? A. Consultation C. Research B. Referral D. Individual assessment ______4. The counselor explained to a student who has a feeling of being rejected that she had no control over what other people say or do. But she can control how she responds. During the discussion they have come up with ideas on how to handle the situation and overcome bullying. What role/function of the counselor was described? A. Consultation C. Research B. Referral D. Individual counseling ______5. Mr Angeles had been experiencing depression and anxiety. He was advised by his company to go to a psychologist. What role/function of the counselor was described? A. Consultation C. Research B. Referral D. Individual assessment ______6. It is a group activity with primary purpose to assist an individual in the group to solve his problems and make adjustments. A. Individual Counseling C. Group Counseling B. Individual Assessment D. Career Assistance 37 ______7. It is the process of helping a client through a third party or helping system to improve its service to its clientele. A. Consultation B. Referral C. Follow-Up D. Research ______8. Seeks to identify the characteristics and potential of every client ; promotes the client‘s self-understanding and assisting counselors to understand the client better. A. Individual Counseling C. Group Counseling & guidance B. Prevention D. Individual Assessment ______9. You and your counselor agreed that you need to see first Mr. Cruz, the specialist for eating disorder, before starting your session. What role/function of the counselor was described? A. Consultation C. Research B. Referral D. Individual counseling ______10. The Counselor spearheaded a community profiling by conducting a survey to understand the needs and develop an action plan in order to improve the lives of the community. What role/function of the counselor was described? A. Consultation C. Research B. Referral D. Individual assessment ______11. Counselors are called on to provide career planning and adjustment assistance to clients. A. Consultation C. Program Evaluation B. Career Assistance D. Research ______12. In this setting, counselors decide to work full time as freelance practitioners or engage in part-time work with institutions needing their expertise. A. Public B. Private C. Community D. Legal ______13. It is the collection of information in order to identify, analyze, evaluate, and address the problems, issues, and circumstances of clients in the counseling relationship. A. Individual Assessment C. Consultation B. Individual Counseling D. Referral ______14. It is the practice of helping clients to find expert assistance that the counselor cannot provide. A. Prevention B. Follow Up C. Referral D. Consultation 38 SHARPEN ______15. It is a setting wherein counselors work in public schools, public hospitals, public social welfare agencies such that for the youth, children and the aging. A. Legal B. Community C. Private D. Government Read the case and answer the following question in a bond paper (type writing paper): Wilma is a 45 year old woman who has recently admitted herself to Drug Rehabilitation Center for addiction. She is the mother of two girls ages 3 and 7. She tells you that she wants to undergo rehabilitations and ready to do it with your help. She collaborates with you on some realistic goals for her time treatment and she shows improvement. You helped her family to help her to focus on your goal. After she completed the sessions, you found out that Wilma drove under the influence and was arrested over the weekend , endangering the welfare of her children, who were with her in the car. 1. If Wilma returns to your care, will you continue her previous treatment plan? Why or why not?_____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ 2. If Wilma never returns to treatment, what will you do? __________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ 39 ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ References: Arnold, Gaines. “Major Consultation Models in Counseling.” Study.com. Accessed August 3, 2020. https://study.com/academy/lesson/major-consultation-models-in-counseling.html. Heal The World : Covid-19 Stifling Humanity 2020 (Michael Jackson - Heal The World). Accessed from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YDikVAVS5bA Kowalczyk, Devin. “What Is Individual Counseling? - Definition & Purpose.” Study.com. Accessed August 3, 2020. https://study.com/academy/lesson/what-is-individual- counseling-definition-purpose.html. Melegrito, Ma. Lourdes F., Arleigh Ross D. dela Cruz, Phd, Violet B. Valdez, PhD,Carl G. Fernandez, RSW, MSW, Disciplines and Ideas in the Applied Social Sciences, The Padayon Series (Republic of the PhilippinesPhoenix Publishing Inc., 2016) Pearsonhighered.com. 2020. ―The Role of Assessment in Counseling.‖ [online] Available at: [Accessed 2 August 2020]. Waldo, Michael, and Jonathan Schwartz. “Prevention in Counseling Psychology: Theory, Research, Practice, & Training · Volume 2 · Issue 1 · 2008 ,” n.d. Schimdt, Christopher. ―Professional Settings and Career Choices.‖https://us.sagepub. com/sites/default/files/upm-assets/64962_book_item_64962.pdf 40 GEN. TRIAS SKILL BUILDERS A Worktext in Disciplines and Ideas in Applied Social Sciences Quarter 1 MELC Week 3: value rights, responsibilities, and accountabilities of counselors 41 Development Team of the Module Writer: Racquel D. Comandante Editors: Reviewers: Illustrator: Layout Artist: Management Team: SDS Name of CID Chief Name of Division EPS for Subject Area Name of Division ADM Coordinator 42 GEAR UP This work text was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you master the Disciplines in the Applied Social Sciences. You can use this in many different learning situations. The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them can be changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using. This is divided into two lessons, namely: Lesson 3 – Rights, Responsibilities, accountabilities and code of ethics Counselors After going through this work text, you are expected to: 5. To identify the specific right, responsibilities and accountabilities of a counselor. 6. To distinguish between ethical and unethical behaviors among counselors. 7. To understand the values, rights and responsibilities of a counselor through discussion. 43 PRE-TEST Choose the letter from the box of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of paper. a. Clients served by d. Client welfare. g. Group work others b. Client rights e. Personal needs and h. Multiple clients values c. Respecting diversity f. Dual relationship i. Sexual intimacies with clients 3. Counselors screen prospective group counseling / therapy participants to determine those with compatible needs. In group setting, counselors take reasonable precautions to protect clients from physical or psychological trauma. 4. In cases where counselors agree to provide counseling services to two or more persons who have a relationship, counselors clarify at the outset which person or persons are clients and the nature of relationship they will have with each other involved person. 5. Counselors should not have any type of sexual intimacies with clients and do not counsel persons with whom they have sexual relationship. Counselors should not also engage with sexual intimacies with their former clients within a minimum of two years. 8. Counselors are aware of their influential position over their clients avoid the exploiting the trust and dependency of the clients. Counselors should not accept as superiors or subordinate clients‘ 9. Maintain the clients and avoid actions that seek to meet their personal needs at the expense of the clients. Counselors shall be aware of their values, attitudes, beliefs, and behavior and how these apply in a diverse society and avoid imposing their values on clients 10. In cases where the client is receiving services from another mental health professional, with client‘s consent, inform the professional person already involved to develop an agreement. 11. Counselors shall disclose the purposes, goals, techniques, procedures, limitations, potential risks, benefits of the services to be performed and other pertinent information to the client throughout the counseling process. 44 Counselors offer clients the freedom to choose whether to enter into a counseling relationship and determine which professional will provide counseling, except when the client is unable to give consent. 12. Counselors do not engage in discrimination based on age, color, culture, disability, ethnic group, gender, race, religion, sexual orientation, marital status and socio economic status. Counselors shall respect differences and understand the diverse cultural backgrounds of their clients. 13. Counselor‘s primary responsibility is to respect the dignity and promote the welfare of clients. They are also expected to encourage client‘s growth. Counselors and clients are expected to work together in crafting individual counseling plans consistent with the client‘s circumstances. 10. Which of the following is NOT an area of responsibility of a counselor? c. Standards Knowledge c. Being fair to all the client‘s well being d. Professional Competence d. Confidentiality 11. The following are the ethical principles in guidance a nd counseling except one. c. Confidentiality c. Informed consent d. Research d. Professionalism 12. Which of the following explains the right to privacy? c. Counselors respect a client‘s right to privacy and avoid illegal and unwarranted disclosures of unwarranted information. d. information about one family cannot be disclosed to another member without permission. e. Counselors are responsible for securing safety and confidentiality of any counseling record they create, maintain, f. When counseling clients who are minors or individuals who are unable to give voluntary, informed consent, parents or guardians may be included in the counseling process as appropriate. 13. In what counselor‘s responsibility wherein the counselor provides their clients an overview if what counseling is all about and what the counseling process entails? c. Client welfare c. Informed client d. Relationship with clients d. Professionalism 14. when can a counselor breach confidentiality? a. When a close friend of the client asks for updates b. when a colleague tries to fish information c. when the situation poses threat on the life of the client d. all of the above 15. The following are the counselor‘s responsibility to him/herself except one. 45 a. Right to private life and to relaxation b. Can accept phone calls even beyond office/session hours. c. Must leave the problems of the counselee in the office d. Should realize that he is not expected to help each and every counselee Before we proceed let us go back with some of the important concepts about counseling which is the main focus of our discussion. Recall Instruction: 1. You recall as many roles and functions of counselors that you are aware off. 2. Write your answers on the notes box below. 3. Choose one role/function and identify the competencies required of role / function. Open Notes Name:_______________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ 46 ENGAGE I am accountable! To be accountable means to be responsible and to answer to your actions and your decisions. Explain various times when you have been accountable. Write your answers in your notebook. 1. Explain a time when you were proud of taking steps to be accountable after a wrong doing at home. 2. Explain a time when you were accountable with a friend. 3. Describe a time when you were accountable at school and describe how it made you feel. NURTURE In this part of your journey, we provide something for you to read to deepen your understanding about the topic. Rights and Responsibilities, and Accountabilities of Counselors Code of ethics help counselors to remind them of their rights, responsibilities and accountabilities in the counseling profession. The rights, responsibilities and accountabilities of the counselors are based on the counselor‘s associations of Code of Conduct. The code of ethics of the counselors is divided into seven sections, namely, (a) counseling relationship, (b) confidentiality (c) professional responsibility (d) relationships with other professionals , (e) evaluation, assessment, and interpretation, (f) teaching ,training and supervision (g) research and publication.( Gladding , 2000 ). We shall only presenting in details three of the seven areas, namely, counseling relationships, confidentiality, and professional responsibility. The following three tables below provide a sample code of ethics of the American Counseling Association. Areas Description The Counseling Relationships 47 1. Client welfare Counselor‘s primary responsibility is to respect the dignity and promote the welfare of clients. They are also expected to encourage client‘s growth. Counselors and clients are expected to work together in crafting individual counseling plans consistent with the client‘s circumstances. 2. Respecting Diversity Counselors do not engage in discrimination based on age, color, culture, disability, ethnic group, gender, race, religion, sexual orientation, marital status and socio-economic status. Counselors shall respect differences and understand the diverse cultural backgrounds of their clients. 3. Client Rights Counselors shall disclose the purposes, goals, techniques, procedures, limitations, potential risks, benefits of the services to be performed and other pertinent information to the client throughout the counseling process. Counselors offer clients the freedom to choose whether to enter into a counseling relationship and determine which professional will provide counseling, except when the client is unable to give consent. 4. Clients Served by In cases where the client is receiving services from others another mental health professional, with client‘s consent, inform the professional person already involved to develop an agreement. 5. Personal Needs and Maintain the clients and avoid actions that seek to values meet their personal needs at the expense of the clients. Counselors shall be aware of their values, attitudes, beliefs, and behavior and how these apply in a diverse society and avoid imposing their values on clients. 6. Dual Relationships Counselors are aware of their influential position over their clients avoid exploiting the trust and dependency of the clients. Counselors should not project themselves as superiors or subordinate of clients‘. 7. Sexual Intimacies Counselors should not have any type of sexual with Clients intimacies with clients and do not counsel persons with whom they have sexual relationship. Counselors should not also engage with sexual intimacies with 48 their former clients within a minimum of two years. 8. Multiple Clients In cases where counselors agree to provide counseling services to two or more persons who have a relationship, counselors clarify at the outset which person or persons are clients and the nature of relationship they will have with each involved person. 9. Group Work Counselors screen prospective group counseling / therapy participants to determine those with compatible needs. In group setting, counselors take reasonable precautions to protect clients from physical or psychological trauma. 10. Fees Prior to entering the counseling relationship, the counselors clearly explain the clients all financial arrangements related to professional fees. Source: Gladding, 2000 Areas Confidentiality 1.Right to Privacy  Counselors respect a client‘s right to privacy and avoid illegal and unwarranted disclosures of unwarranted information.  The right to privacy may be waived by the clients or their legally recognized representative.  The general requirement that the counselors keep the information confidential does not apply when disclosure is required to prevent clear and imminent danger to the client or others or when legal requirements demand that confidential information be revealed.  Counselors who received information confirming that a client has a disease known to be communicable and fatal is justified in disclosing information to an identifiable third party, who by his/her relationship with the client is at high risk of contracting the disease.  When court orders the counselors to release confidential information without client‘s permit, counselors request to the court that the disclosure should not be required due to potential harm to client or counseling relationship. 49 2. Group and Families  In group work, counselors clearly define confidentiality and parameters for the specific group being entered, explain its importance, and discuss difficulties related to confidentiality involved in group work.  In family counseling, information about one family cannot be disclosed to another member without permission. 3. Minor Incompetent  When counseling clients who are minors or client individuals who are unable to give voluntary, informed consent, parents or guardians may be included in the counseling process as appropriate. 4. Records  Counselors maintain necessary records for rendering professional services to their clients and as required by laws, regulations, or agency or institution procedures.  Counselors are responsible for securing safety and confidentiality of any counseling record they create, maintain, transfer, or destroy whether the records are written, taped, computerized, or stored in any other medium.  Counselors recognized that counseling records are kept for the benefits of the clients therefore provide access to record and copies of record when requested by competent clients unless it contains information that may be misleading or detrimental to the clients.  Counselors obtain written permission from clients to disclose or transfer records to legitimate third parties unless exception to confidentiality exists. 5. Research and Training  Use of data derived from counseling relationships for purposes of training, research, or publication is confined to content that is disguised to ensure the anonymity of the individuals involved. Identification of the client involved is permissible only when the client has reviewed the material and has agreed to its presentation or publication. 6. Consultation  Information obtained in consulting relationship is discussed for professional purposes only with persons clearly concerned with the case. Before sharing information, counselors make efforts to ensure that there defined policies that effectively protect the confidentiality of information with other agencies serving the counselors clients. Source: Gladding, 2000 50 Areas Description Professional Responsibility 1. Standards Knowledge  Counselors have a responsibility to read, understand, and follow the Code of Ethics and Standards of Practice 2. Professional  Counselors practice only within the boundaries of Competence their competence based on their education, training, supervised experience, state and national professional credentials and appropriate professional experience. Counselors will demonstrate a commitment to gain knowledge, personal awareness, sensitivity, and skills pertinent to working with diverse client population.  Counselors practice specialty areas new to them only after appropriate education, training, and supervised experience. While developing skills in new specialty area, counselors take step to ensure the competence of their work and to protect other from possible harm.  Counselors accept employment only for positions which they are qualified by education, training, supervise experience, state and national professional credentials, and appropriate professional experience.  Counselors continually monitor their effectiveness as professionals and take steps to improve their skills and knowledge.  Counselors refrain from offering or accepting professional services when their physical, mental, or emotional problems are likely to harm clients or others. Professional Ethical Principles in Guidance and counseling Professional ethics pertains to values that determine the counselors‘ behaviors. Professional counselors stick to ethical principles that serves as an overall guide in their practice. It you are going to pursue counseling as a profession someday, knowledge on ethics and good counseling practice could serve as your protection. If, for example, one of your counselee discloses that her uncle is physically abusing her, 51 you will fell confused whether you are going to report this or not. Ethical principles in counseling will guide the counselor in addressing and responding to cases or issues such as this. These principles will also distinguish what is ethical or acceptable from what is unethical or inacceptable in the counseling profession. a. Confidentiality – This principle states that counselee have the right to privacy in working with his or her counselor (Hutchison, 2014). All information shared by the counselee, including his or her identity, must be kept secret. This mean that the counselor should not divulge any information and protect all documents (including the records found in his or her computer) about the counselee. It must be noted, however, that there are important exceptions regarding confidentiality. For example, a counselor is now required to break the confidential bond if the situation poses threat on the life of the counselee. (for example, the counselee wants to commit suicide). Likewise, in special situations or cases where legal implications are involved, the counselor can breach confidentiality on a condition that a written consent form will be obtained from the client. If the case involves minor individuals, then consent from the parent or guardian must be obtained by the counselor. b. Client Welfare – It is the counselor‘s primary responsibility to protect the welfare of the client. Hence, if the identified needs of the counselee are beyond the expertise of the counselor, then the counselor must refer the client to another professional. As such, counselors must be knowledgeable about the cultural and clinically appropriate sources of referral which they may suggest to the counselee. c. Informed consent – Professional counselor are required to provide their clients an overview of what counseling is all about and what the counseling process entails (for examples, information on policies and goals). This allows the client to decide whether he or she would practice in the counseling process or not. d. Relationship with Clients – A professional counselor must establish and maintain boundaries in his or her relationship with the clients. Within and outside the counseling session, the counselor must be aware and be bound by the ethics of professional relationship with the clients. Since clients tend to be vulnerable and helpless at times, they become dependent on and see the counselor as a companion. No matter how emotionally vulnerable the clients are, counselors must set professional limits. e. Professionalism – a professional counselor should clarify the types of activities other than counseling which will be utilized to address the presenting concerns, the techniques and counseling procedures that will be employed, and the sort of payment that is expected to be paid. If working on private setting. As a professional individual, the limitations of confidentiality must also be clarified to the counselee. 52 TEST Activity 1: Count Me In, Count Me Out: Will I Give Up My Job or Not? Instruction: 1. In the area of counseling relationships of the Code of Conduct, it states that ―Counselors should not have any type of sexual intimacies with clients and do not counsel persons with whom they have sexual relationship. Counselors should not also engage with sexual intimacies with their former clients within a minimum of two years.‖ 2. What if you are counselor and you have fallen in love with your client and the client has also fallen in love with you. Since, it is unethical to pursue the relationship; you will quit your job. Your job is also important to you. Now, what will be your decision? 3. Explain each decision: ―will quit the job.‖ and will stay on the job‖. Why? Which is more ethical? Why is it more ethical? Support your answer. Your scores will be based on this Rubrics Superior - 4 Proficient - 3 Poor - 2 Unsatisfactory Score -1 Used many facts Used some facts Used few facts Did not present to support all arguments. to support all to support facts to support arguments. arguments. arguments. All arguments were logical Most arguments Some arguments Few arguments and convincing were logical and were logical and were logical convincing convincing and convincing Communicated clearly Communicated Seldom Failed to and confidently; clearly; frequent communicated communicate maintained eye contact; eye contact; good voice and delivery clearly; poor eye clearly; no eye excellent voice inflection rate. contact; poor voice contact; and delivery rate. and delivery rate. monotone delivery. Addressed all opponent Addressed most of Addressed some of Did not arguments with counter- opponent‘s opponent‘s address evidence. arguments with arguments with opponent‘s counter-evidence. arguments. 53 counter-evidence. Total Score: Activity 2: Instruction: After knowing and learning the rights, responsibilities and accountabilities of a counselor. Site your own explanation about the following. 1. What are the importance of counseling? 2. If you were given the chance to become a counselor are you going to grab it? Why or Why not? REINFORCE To sum up what you have learned. Complete this KWL chart in your notebook. What I know about rights of Counselors _______________________________________ _______________________________________ _______________________________________ What I know about responsibilities of Counselors _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ What I learned about Accountabilities of a counselor _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ 54 INTEGRATE Act. 3 Will I report My Client or Not In the area of confidentiality of the Code of Ethics, there is a portion on client‘s right to privacy. What if the counselor, in his/her conversation with the client, found out that the client accidentally killed a person, will you report the client to police or not? Explain both positions on the stated situation by using the table. Will I report my client? Will not report my client? 55 ASSESS Choose the letter from the box of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of paper. a. Standards Knowledge d. Research and Training g. Professionalism b.Professional Competence e. Records h. Respecting diversity c. Consultation f. Fees i. Confidentiality 1. Counselors continually monitor their effectiveness as professionals and take steps to improve their skills and knowledge. 2. Counselors maintain necessary records for rendering professional services to their clients and as required by laws, regulations, or agency or institution procedures. 3. Information obtained in consulting relationship is discussed for professional purposes only with persons clearly concerned with the case. Before sharing information, counselors make efforts to ensure that there defined policies that effectively protect the confidentiality of information with other agencies serving the counselors clients. 4. Counselors have a responsibility to read, understand, and follow the Code of Ethics and Standards of Practice. 5. Prior to entering the counseling relationship, the counselors clearly explain the clients all financial arrangements related to professional fees. 6. a professional counselor should clarify the types of activities other than counseling which will be utilized to address the presenting concerns, the techniques and counseling procedures that will be employed, and the sort of payment that is expected to be paid. 7. Use of data derived from counseling relationships for purposes of training, research, or publication is confined to content that is disguised to ensure the anonymity of the individuals involved. 8. This mean that the counselor should not divulge any information and protect all documents (including the records found in his or her computer) about the counselee. 56 9. Counselors shall respect differences and understand the diverse cultural backgrounds of their clients. 10. Which of the following is NOT an area of responsibility of a counselor? a. Confidentiality c. Being fair to all the client‘s well being b. Professional Competence d. Standards Knowledge 11. The following are the ethical principles in guidance and counseling except one. a. Confidentiality c. Informed consent b. Professionalism d. Research 12. Which of the following explains the right to privacy? a. Counselors respect a client‘s right to privacy and avoid illegal and unwarranted disclosures of unwarranted information. b. Information about one family cannot be disclosed to another member without permission. c. Counselors are responsible for securing safety and confidentiality of any counseling record they create, maintain, d. When counseling clients who are minors or individuals who are unable to give voluntary, informed consent, parents or guardians may be included in the counseling process as appropriate. 13. In what counselor‘s responsibility wherein the counselor provides their clients an overview if what counseling is all about and what the counseling process entails? a. Informed client c. Client welfare b. Relationship with clients d. Professionalism 14. When can a counselor breach confidentiality? a. When a close friend of the client asks for updates b. when the situation poses threat on the life of the client c. when a colleague tries to fish information d. all of the above 15. The following are the counselor‘s responsibility to him/herself except one. a. Right to private life and to relaxation b. Can accept phone calls even beyond office/session hours. c. Must leave the problems of the counselee in the office d. Should realize that he is not expected to help each and every counselee 57 SHARPEN Professional counselors must not only adhere to the ethics of their profession but also manifest their commitment. They commit to tis by giving value to the rights of individuals and demonstrate accountability to their clients. Check if you AGREE or disagree AGREE STATEMENTS DISAGREE Professional counselor must bear in mind that each individual is unique. No matter how unruly or how disruptive the behavior of an individual is, he or she deserves to be treated fairly, to be listened to about what he or she thinks and feels and to be respected. Counselors feel responsible for the welfare of their client. However, counselors must remember that their clients are capable of helping themselves and are capable of choosing. Therefor counselors must communicate trust to their clients to encourage maturity. Professional counselors demonstrate dedication for their work by showing concern to their clients most specially to those clients w

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