Common Breeds Summary - Animals, PDF

**HORSE** **BREEDS** 1. **AMERICAN MUSTANG** - used for show and pleasure riding, jumping, endurance trail riding, and as stock horses. 2. **AMERICAN PAINT** - spotted or two-tone horses with white and another color for body markings a. Tobiano-legs are white, at least below the kn...

**HORSE** **BREEDS** 1. **AMERICAN MUSTANG** - used for show and pleasure riding, jumping, endurance trail riding, and as stock horses. 2. **AMERICAN PAINT** - spotted or two-tone horses with white and another color for body markings a. Tobiano-legs are white, at least below the knees and hocks, and there are regular spots on the body. b. Tovero-o has dark pigmentation around the ears, which may expand to cover the forehead and/or eye c. Oviano 3. **AMERICAN WHITE** - Th e color is snow white with pink skin, and dark eyes. American whites are used as exhibition, pleasure, racing, and **light draft horses**. 4. **AMERICAN QUARTER HORSE** -- largest breed 5. **THOROUGHBRED**- fastest horse 6. **ARABIAN** - used for pleasure riding, racing, show, and as a stock horse. 7. **CONNEMARA PONY** ­- tthe animals may be bay, black, brown, cream, dun, or gray. Roan or chestnut appears occasionally. Th e Connemara is used for jumping and for pleasure riding 8. **Belgian**: Used primarily for heavy draft work due to its large size and strength. 9. **Clydesdale**: Known for pulling heavy loads, often seen in parades and promotional events. 10. **Percheron**: Valued for farm work and driving, with a strong, versatile build. 11. **Shire**: Largest of the draft breed, used for heavy farm work and pulling. 12. **Suffolk**: Primarily used for agricultural work, with a compact, powerful frame. 13. **Donkeys and Mules**: Employed mainly as work animals, mules for heavy labor, and miniature donkeys as pets for children **BEEF CATTLE** 1. **ANGUS** -- well-marbled meat 2. **RED ANGUS** - s can tolerate warmer temperatures somewhat better than Black Angus 3. **CHIANINA --** largest breed of cattle 4. **BELTED GALLOWAY --** may belt 5. **BRAHMAN --** imported from india. Enlarged dewlap 6. **SENEPOL --** resistant to ticks and other insects 7. **BEEFMASTER --** excellent carcass ability 8. **BARZONA --** good mother 9. **MAINE-ANJOU**- They are considered docile and are easily handled. 10. **GELBVIEH --** good milking ability **DAIRY CATTLE** 1. **HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN --** 1^ST^ among dairy breeds. Largest. Black and white spots 2. **BROWN SWISS --** 2^nd^ among dairy breeds. Large-framed cattle. the longest lived of the dairy breeds. They have a high heat tolerance. 3. AYRSHIRE -- 3^rd^ among dairy breeds. any shade of cherry red. Other colors are mahogany, brown, or white. e vigorous and strong. They have excellent grazing ability. 4. **GUERNSEY** -- 4^th^ among dairy breeds. 5% milkfat. any shade of fawn with white markings 5. **JERSEY** -- 5^th^ among the dairy breeds in average milk production per cow. s. Th e muzzle is black. Th e switch and tongue may be black or white. Th e Jersey is the smallest of the dairy breeds. **SWINES** 1. **AMERICAN LANDRACE** - white, long-bodied, and have forward, downward-lopping ears. 2. **BERKSHIRE --** black with six white points: four on the feet, one on the face, and one on the tail. They have slightly dished faces, erect ears 3. **CHESTER WHITE** - are white in color with forward-drooping ears. They are known for their excellent mothering ability. 4. **DUROC --** Red, with shades ranging from light to dark, and a preferred medium cherry color. They have forward-drooping ears and are known for their excellent mothering ability, fast growth rate, and efficient feed conversion, making them one of the most popular hog breeds 5. **HAMPSHIRE** - black with a distinctive white belt that encircles the forepart of the body, including the forelegs. 6. **HEREFORD-** red with a white face 7. **POLAND CHINA -** black with six white points 8. **SPOTTED SWINE -** At least 20 percent of the body must be either black or white 9. **YORKSHIRE - h**ave black pigmented spots called freckles. Bacon-type **SHEEPS** 1. **MERINO -- golden fleece.** medium-sized with angular bodies, and the most common type in the U.S. is the **Delaine Merino**, which has smooth skin with little to no wrinkles. 2. **DEBOULLEIT --** RAMBOULLEIT+DELAINE MERINO 3. **CHEVIOT -** Known for their hardiness and adaptability to rugged terrains**.** 4. **FINNISH LANDRACE -** noted for its high lambing rate. 5. **HAMPSHIRE -** one of the most popular medium wool breeds 6. **MONTADALE -- no wool on the face** 7. **TUNIS -** ancient breed of sheep. 8. **COLUMBIA -** largest of the crossbred wool breeds 9. **DORPER -** have the ability to breed out of season and produce fall lambs. 10. **POLYPAY -** could produce large lamb crops, breed out of season, and produce a good fleece Here's a list of some common breeds of swine, along with their characteristics and positive traits: **1. Yorkshire** - **Characteristics:** White, erect ears, slightly dished face, and can have black freckles. - **Positive Trait:** Known for their large litters and high feed efficiency, Yorkshires are often used in crossbreeding programs for improved meat quality. **2. Duroc** - **Characteristics:** Red color ranging from light to dark, forward-drooping ears. - **Positive Trait:** Durocs are prized for their rapid growth rate and excellent mothering ability, making them popular in commercial pork production. **3. Berkshire** - **Characteristics:** Black with six white points (four on the feet, one on the face, and one on the tail), slightly dished face, and erect ears. - **Positive Trait:** They produce high-quality, well-marbled meat, making them highly sought after for premium pork markets. **4. Hampshire** - **Characteristics:** Black with a distinctive white belt around the forepart of the body, including forelegs; erect ears. - **Positive Trait:** Hampshires are known for their muscle and carcass leanness, making them popular in various crossbreeding programs. **5. Landrace** - **Characteristics:** White, long-bodied, with drooping ears. - **Positive Trait:** Renowned for their excellent mothering ability and ability to produce large litters, Landrace sows are favored in breeding programs. **6. Poland China** - **Characteristics:** Black with white points (face, legs, and tail); has a large, deep body and drooping ears. - **Positive Trait:** Known for their excellent growth rate and ability to produce high-quality pork, they are popular among farmers. **7. Chester White** - **Characteristics:** White with drooping ears, long-bodied. - **Positive Trait:** Chester Whites are noted for their good mothering ability and adaptability, making them reliable in various farming conditions. **8. Tamworth** - **Characteristics:** Reddish-brown, with a long body and erect ears. - **Positive Trait:** Tamworths are recognized for their ability to produce high-quality bacon and are well-suited to outdoor production systems. Here's a list of some common beef cattle breeds along with their characteristics and positive traits: **1. Angus** - **Characteristics**: Angus cattle are typically black, naturally polled (without horns), and known for their smooth, high-quality carcass with excellent marbling. - **Positive Trait**: They are highly regarded for producing high-quality beef, making them a popular choice for beef production. **2. Hereford** - **Characteristics**: Herefords are red with a white face and have a calm disposition. They can be either horned or polled. - **Positive Trait**: Known for their good maternal abilities and efficient feed conversion, Herefords thrive in various climates and are well-suited for commercial beef production. **3. Charolais** - **Characteristics**: Charolais cattle are cream or white in color with a large, muscular build. They have a moderate frame and are typically polled. - **Positive Trait**: They are prized for their excellent meat quality and growth rate, making them a favorite in crossbreeding programs to enhance carcass quality. **4. Limousin** - **Characteristics**: Limousins are golden-red to light yellow in color, with a well-muscled and lean body structure. They can be polled or horned. - **Positive Trait**: Known for their high yield of lean meat, Limousins are often used in crossbreeding to produce high-quality beef with less fat. **5. Simmental** - **Characteristics**: Simmental cattle are usually red and white or gold in color, known for their large size, strong frame, and good milking ability. - **Positive Trait**: They are versatile cattle, providing both milk and beef, and are often used in crossbreeding to improve the growth rates and overall productivity of herds. **6. Brahman** - **Characteristics**: Brahman cattle are gray or red with a distinctive hump over their shoulders, drooping ears, and loose skin. They are heat and drought-resistant. - **Positive Trait**: Their adaptability to hot climates and resistance to disease make them a valuable breed in warmer regions and crossbreeding programs to improve hardiness. **7. Belted Galloway** - **Characteristics**: Belted Galloways are known for their distinctive white \"belt\" around their midsection, with a shaggy coat that is usually black, brown, or red. - **Positive Trait**: They produce high-quality beef with excellent marbling and are well-suited for rough grazing conditions, making them an efficient choice for sustainable farming. **8. Scottish Highland** - **Characteristics**: Scottish Highlands have long, wavy hair that is often red, black, or brindle, and they possess long horns. They have a sturdy, hardy build. - **Positive Trait**: They are very adaptable to harsh climates and are known for producing lean, flavorful beef, often marketed as premium meat. Here's a list of some common swine breeds along with their characteristics and a positive trait for each: 1. **Yorkshire** - **Characteristics**: White in color, erect ears, and a slightly dished face. They may have black spots, but these are undesirable. - **Positive Trait**: Known for large litters, high feed efficiency, and rapid growth, making them ideal for commercial production. 2. **Duroc** - **Characteristics**: Red in color, with shades varying from light to dark; forward-drooping ears. - **Positive Trait**: Valued for excellent mothering ability and strong growth rates, making them popular in many breeding programs. 3. **Berkshire** - **Characteristics**: Medium-sized, black with six white points (four on the feet, one on the face, and one on the tail); slightly dished head and erect ears. - **Positive Trait**: Produces high-quality carcasses with desirable meat traits, including marbling. 4. **Hampshire** - **Characteristics**: Black with a white belt encircling the forepart of the body, including the forelegs; erect ears. - **Positive Trait**: Known for good muscle and carcass leanness, making them valuable for meat production and crossbreeding. 5. **Landrace** - **Characteristics**: White in color, long-bodied with drooping ears; known for their maternal traits. - **Positive Trait**: Exceptional mothering ability and large litter sizes, making them a preferred choice for breeders focusing on reproductive performance. 6. **Poland China** - **Characteristics**: Black with white points (legs, face, and tail); has a low, wide body with drooping ears. - **Positive Trait**: Noted for producing a high-quality carcass, they are also known for their calm temperament, making them easy to manage. 7. **Chester White** - **Characteristics**: White in color with forward-drooping ears; has a slightly wrinkled appearance. - **Positive Trait**: Known for excellent mothering ability and producing large litters, contributing to overall farm productivity. 8. **Tamworth** - **Characteristics**: Reddish-brown in color, with a long body and erect ears; they are known for their hardiness. - **Positive Trait**: Valued for their high-quality, flavorful meat, particularly in niche markets. Here's a list of some common sheep breeds, along with their characteristics and notable traits: 1. **Merino** - **Characteristics:** Medium-sized, white fleece, may have wrinkled skin (especially types A and B), and angular body shape. - **Good Trait:** Renowned for their high-quality wool, which is fine and in demand worldwide, earning the nickname \"Golden Fleece.\" 2. **Rambouillet** - **Characteristics:** White, large with an angular, blocky body type, both horned and polled rams, fleece grows about 3.5 inches per year. - **Good Trait:** Popular for their fine wool and versatility in crossbreeding; they contribute significantly to the U.S. sheep population. 3. **Cheviot** - **Characteristics:** Small, blocky body type with a white face and legs, black nostrils, and an erect head. - **Good Trait:** Hardy and adaptable, making them suitable for various environments and conditions. 4. **Hampshire** - **Characteristics:** Large size, blocky body, black face, legs, ears, and nose, and polled. - **Good Trait:** Known for good milking ability and high lamb production rates, they produce market-ready lambs at weaning. 5. **Suffolk** - **Characteristics:** Large, black-faced, with a sleek, muscular body and no horns (polled). - **Good Trait:** Excellent meat quality and growth rate, making them popular in meat production. 6. **Dorper** - **Characteristics:** A medium-sized breed with a white body and a black head (or all white), known for their short, shedding wool. - **Good Trait:** Adaptable to arid environments and known for high-quality meat production. 7. **Dorset** - **Characteristics:** White fleece, medium size, can be horned or polled, and has a strong maternal instinct. - **Good Trait:** Notable for their ability to breed out of season, providing more lambing opportunities throughout the year. 8. **Polypay** - **Characteristics:** Medium-sized, white with a blocky body, and polled. - **Good Trait:** Developed for high productivity; they have a strong reproductive rate and produce quality lambs. 9. **Southdown** - **Characteristics:** Small to medium-sized with a light gray face and legs, polled, and a compact body. - **Good Trait:** Excellent meat quality, early maturity, and good for crossbreeding for enhanced growth rates. Here are some common chicken breeds, along with their characteristics and notable traits: 1. **Leghorn** - **Characteristics:** Leghorns are active, hardy birds with white feathers and long, slim bodies. They have a large, upright stance and a long tail. - **Good Trait:** They are excellent egg layers, known for producing a high number of white eggs and being efficient foragers. 2. **Rhode Island Red** - **Characteristics:** Rhode Island Reds have dark red-brown feathers and a sturdy, medium-sized body. They have a calm and friendly disposition. - **Good Trait:** They are dual-purpose birds, providing both a good quantity of brown eggs and quality meat. 3. **Plymouth Rock** - **Characteristics:** This breed has distinctive black-and-white striped feathers, a rounded body, and a friendly temperament. They are medium-sized birds with a good egg production rate. - **Good Trait:** Plymouth Rocks are excellent for family farms, providing a steady supply of brown eggs and being easy to handle. 4. **Sussex** - **Characteristics:** Sussex chickens come in various colors, including red, white, and speckled. They have a robust, broad body and calm demeanor. - **Good Trait:** They are good layers of medium-sized brown eggs and are known for their excellent meat quality. 5. **Orpington** - **Characteristics:** Orpingtons are large, heavy birds with soft, rounded bodies and feathers that can be black, blue, or gold. They have a friendly and docile nature. - **Good Trait:** They are known for their high egg production and are also excellent for meat, making them a great dual-purpose breed. 6. **Australorp** - **Characteristics:** Australorps are black-feathered chickens with a shiny appearance and a calm demeanor. They have a good body size and can be both friendly and curious. - **Good Trait:** They are prolific layers, especially noted for producing a high quantity of large brown eggs. 7. **Silkie** - **Characteristics:** Silkie chickens are known for their unique fluffy feathers that resemble silk. They have a small stature, black skin, and a calm temperament. - **Good Trait:** Besides their ornamental value, Silkies are excellent brooders and often successfully hatch their eggs. 8. **Cochin** - **Characteristics:** Cochins are large, fluffy birds with feathered legs and a rounded body shape. They come in various colors, including black, blue, and white. - **Good Trait:** They are gentle and friendly, making them great pets, and they also produce a moderate number of brown eggs. Here are some common breeds of ducks, along with their characteristics and notable traits: 1. **Pekin Duck** - **Characteristics**: Pekin ducks are white with orange bills and feet. They are medium to large in size, with a rounded body and a broad breast. - **Good Trait**: They are known for their rapid growth and are often raised for meat production due to their high meat yield. 2. **Khaki Campbell** - **Characteristics**: Khaki Campbells are medium-sized ducks with a khaki-colored plumage and a slightly drake-like appearance. They have a good laying ability and are active foragers. - **Good Trait**: They are one of the best egg-laying breeds, producing up to 300 eggs per year. 3. **Rouen Duck** - **Characteristics**: Rouen ducks are similar in appearance to Pekin ducks but are larger and have a darker plumage with a distinctive green head and a white collar. - **Good Trait**: They are excellent for meat production and have a calm temperament, making them suitable for backyard settings. 4. **Muscovy Duck** - **Characteristics**: Muscovy ducks are unique in that they can be recognized by their distinct facial caruncles (fleshy growths) and can come in various colors, including black, white, and grey. - **Good Trait**: They are known for their strong foraging ability and are quieter compared to other duck breeds, making them great for urban or suburban settings. 5. **Indian Runner Duck** - **Characteristics**: Indian Runner ducks are tall and slender, with an upright posture. They come in a variety of colors and patterns, including white, black, and chocolate. - **Good Trait**: They are active foragers and are known for their prolific egg-laying abilities, producing a high number of eggs annually. 6. **Cayuga Duck** - **Characteristics**: Cayuga ducks are black with a greenish sheen, often showing some iridescence. They are medium-sized with a well-rounded body. - **Good Trait**: They are good foragers and are valued for both their meat and their unique black eggs. 7. **Welsh Harlequin Duck** - **Characteristics**: Welsh Harlequin ducks have a distinctive patterned plumage, usually with a mix of white, orange, and green colors. They are medium-sized with a calm demeanor. - **Good Trait**: They are excellent layers and can produce a significant number of eggs while also being friendly and easy to handle.