Vignettes on Educational Survey and Premises for Reforms PDF

Students will be able to: - Identify the impact of delays in educational surveys on reform efforts. - Analyze the reasons behind educational reform - Confirm how these delays can affect policy decisions and how changes in education are implemented.  This presentation delves into the pivotal su...

Students will be able to: - Identify the impact of delays in educational surveys on reform efforts. - Analyze the reasons behind educational reform - Confirm how these delays can affect policy decisions and how changes in education are implemented.  This presentation delves into the pivotal surveys and studies that catalyzed educational reforms in the Philippines from It emphasizes the critical link between school effectiveness, quality monitoring, and the accountability of educational leaders. The role of the education sector in supporting national development goals, as outlined by the National Economic and Development Authority (NEDA), will be explored.  This document summarizes educational reforms and studies in the Philippines from 1970-1992. It discusses the Presidential Commission to Survey Philippine Education's 1970 report which found that the education system was not adequately preparing students for society or the workforce. The role of the education sector in supporting national development goals, as outlined by the National Economic and Development Authority (NEDA), will be explored. Article XIV, Section 3 of the 1987 Philippine Constitution: Mandates for Educational Institutions: ⚬ All educational institutions must include the study of the Constitution as part of their curriculum. ⚬ They should inculcate patriotism and nationalism, foster a love of humanity, respect for human rights, and appreciation of national heroes. ⚬ Institutions are tasked with teaching the rights and duties of citizenship, strengthening ethical and spiritual values, developing moral character and personal discipline, encouraging critical and creative thinking, broadening scientific and technological knowledge, and promoting vocational efficiency.  Purpose: The PCSPE was established to conduct a comprehensive study and assessment of the Philippine education system. Its goals were to analyze the performance of the education system, assess its relevance to national development goals, recommend ways to improve efficiency within available resources, and identify critical areas requiring further study. Comprehensive Secondary Schools: A nationwide network of comprehensive secondary schools was recommended. Comprehensive high schools were to be established, though some were only comprehensive in name due to lack of effective implementation. Guidance Services: Development of strong counseling and guidance services in all high schools to ensure effective student streamlining into academic and vocational tracks.  The PCSPE identified secondary education as the weak link in the educational ladder. Attempts to improve secondary education included the 2-2 Plan (1958-1972), Revised Secondary Education Program (RSEP) (1973), and New Secondary Education Curriculum (NSEC) (1989). These reforms faced challenges such as inadequate teacher training, insufficient physical facilities, and cultural biases against vocational education. ⚬ The Enabling Act of June 1988 mandated free secondary education in government schools, in line with the Constitutional requirement. ⚬ By SY 1991-92, there was an approximate 8% increase in the participation rate in government secondary schools, highlighting the impact of this policy.  Problems: ⚬ Overcrowded classes, inadequate classrooms, and teacher shortages emerged as significant issues. ⚬ The demand for high schools in nearly every municipality further strained resources. Educational Service Contracting (ESC): Implemented to manage overcrowding by enrolling excess students in private schools, with the government covering their tuition fees. Aimed to reduce congestion in government schools and make use of private school resources. As of SY 1990-1991, about 52,261 first-year students were beneficiaries of ESC. Textbook Provision (1992): Free textbooks were provided on a 1:1 basis, which was intended to raise participation rates and reduce dropout rates. This provision led to an increase in participation rates by 10-20% and aimed to reduce the dropout rate from 5.8% to 3%. Increased Enrollment: Projections indicated that the first batch of elementary school graduates under the Program for Decentralized Educational Development (PRODED) would be about 4.0 million, compared to 2.9 million in 1984. This would lead to a corresponding increase in secondary school enrollment. Financial and Resource Constraints: Concerns were raised about potential inadequacies in teachers and financial resources becoming strained within the coming decade. Quality Education Needs: Research findings highlighted the need for higher levels of critical thinking, logical reasoning, communication skills for tertiary education, values development, and general manipulative skills for the workforce. Job Opportunities for High School Graduates: ⚬ High school graduates predominantly found employment in lower occupation groups: ￭ Service workers: 17.2% ￭ Production and related workers: 16.8% ￭ Sales workers: 16.4% ⚬ The trends underscored the need for alignment between educational outcomes and job market demands, emphasizing the importance of reforms to improve educational quality. ⚬ ⚬