Introduction to Botany 2 PDF

Introduction to Botany 2 Microscope – a device that performs two functions: a. magnification b. resolution Zacharias Janssen - was the first investigator to invent a compound microscope. Hans Janssen – father of Zacharias who had played an important role in inventing t he device...

Introduction to Botany 2 Microscope – a device that performs two functions: a. magnification b. resolution Zacharias Janssen - was the first investigator to invent a compound microscope. Hans Janssen – father of Zacharias who had played an important role in inventing t he device (scientists and other scholars). Anton Van Leeuwenhoek – “Father of Microscopy” Robert Hooke – “Father of Law of Elasticity” and investigated living things at microscopic scale. The word “cell” which is the basic unit of living things was described in the form of cork – microscopic cavities of cork which led to the development of classical cell theory. Types of microscope 1. Simple microscope – which has one lens to magnify an object. 2. Compound – which has two ocular lens 3. Light – makes use of light as a source of illumination 4. Election- it uses beams of electrons to pass through an object to magnify it. 5. Scanning Electron – scans the surface of objects and magnifies it. 6. Transmission – allows beam of electrons to pass though the object itself to provide a clear picture in somewhat 3D model. The Scientific Method - step by step procedure in answering problems or questions about the environment. Scientific Method 1.It starts with observation of a natural phenomenon 2.Questions arise during the course of observation which leads to scientific explanation or guess called hypothesis. 3. Hypothesis is tested in a process called experimentation. 4. When results are obtained, they are analyzed using tools such as statistics to either prove or falsify hypothesis. 5. Providing conclusion. Two characteristics of hypothesis: 1. Experimentation 2. Repetition  BRANCHES OF BOTANY FOCUS Plant Pathology Deals with the scientific study of plant diseases and their possible cure Plant Physiology Deals with physiological functions of plants Pharmaceutical Botany Deals with the study on the impotance of medicinal plants used in the mitigation of disease, food supplements, pharmaceutical technology, and phytotherapy Plant taxonomy and systematics Classifying and naming of plants Plant Morphology Physical form and external structure of plants Paleobotany Plant fossils Phytogeography Plant distribution focuses on explaining plant ranges based on their origin, dispersal, and evolution, especially about climate change and environmental factors over long time scales.  BRANCHES OF BOTANY FOCUS Pomology Cultivation of fruit Bryology Mosses and liverworts (bryophytes) Agronomy Field crop production and soil management Ethnobotany Interrelations between humans and plants